scholarly journals CONSTRUCTION AS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
V. HOLUBAVA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Customer Requirements ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Market Saturation ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

In the context of science and technology development, the market saturation and increase of customer requirements for construction projects, construction is considered as economic activity. It allows: 1) to show that the main goal of the development of the construction complex is a creation of modern energy-efficient and resource-saving, ecologocally safe, accessible and comfortable buildings and structures; 2) to justify the need taking into account in the definition of the construction an increase in the habitat’s qualitative characteristics; 3) clarify the notion of "construction as economic activity" and introduce into the turnover "qualitative characteristics of the habitat".

Priority Application of Novel Materials and Nanotechnologies in Pharmaceutical Industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 462-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyotr P. Shchetinin ◽  
Natalia Skrylnikova ◽  
Anna V. Lozhnikova ◽  
Mikhail Chikov ◽  
Natalia Redchikova
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Technology Focus

This paper focuses on the prospects for using new materials and nanotechnologies in pharmacology and pharmaceutical industry. The authors systematize science and technology priorities of the global pharmacology and determine the perquisites for the application of the technologies emerging in the production of pharmaceutical products. The study has been conducted using the method of critical technologies. The object of the study is the thematic science and technology focus area “Hybrid materials, convergent technologies, biomimetic materials and medical supplies”. Based on the findings, the authors have drawn a number of conclusions within the frameworks of the monitoring of science and technology development of priorities implemented by a network of centers for industrial foresight. Besides, the authors have analyzed the implementation of the existing approaches to the definition of critical technologies in the context of Russia’s pharmaceutical industry. Moreover, the authors have determined the conditions for application of the method of critical technologies in the Russian pharmaceutical industry based on the thematic research and development focus area “new materials and nanotechnologies”.

System analysis and building a model of information flows of the greenhouse complex

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
V. Lysenko ◽  
◽  
N. Zaets ◽  
D. Polishchuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

The analysis of existing methods and systems of management of the greenhouse complex is carried out. It has been determined that the most expedient is the development of new methods and control systems that would take into account the mutual influence of microclimate parameters, predicted changes in external natural disturbances and determine the most energy efficient modes of functioning of the greenhouse economy. A systematic analysis of the greenhouse complex at the stages of structural, functional, informational and parametric analysis was carried out. A system of goals and a tree of goals for the energy efficient functioning of the greenhouse complex has been built using the decomposition of goals and objectives and synthesis with the definition of the components of the greenhouse economy. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of information flows between subsystems have been determined and a model of information flows has been built. For the purpose of carrying out functional analysis and synthesis, the method of mathematical description is used - the theory of graphs. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of information flows between subsystems have been determined using the construction of a model of information flows. A parametric analysis and synthesis were carried out to determine the main controlled and regulated parameters of the greenhouse complex in order to ensure the maximum efficiency of the control system. Structural analysis and synthesis were carried out with the definition of the components of the greenhouse economy, the interrelationships of the subsystems of the greenhouse complex were analyzed and it was proved that the object under study is a complex system. The directions of further research have been formed for the processes of self-organization and management of information flows of the greenhouse complex, which provide for a plurality of scenarios for further development. Key words: greenhouse complex, system analysis, information flows, goal tree, energy efficient management

BIM Technologies In Building Construction Projects Management In Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-59
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Management System ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Project Management System

The international experience of integrating building information modeling (BIM) into project management system with innovation implementation accent has been revealed in this article. The events carried out on federal and regional levels concerning the President of Russia directive on building construction industry modernization and construction objects transferring to life cycle management by means of BIM were analyzed. The large company experience of implementing BIM was summarized with describing some examples in different cities and regions of our country and thus the main directions of this technology development were determined. The key points of BIM and project management system pairing and impacting an innovation choice witch determine the project economic efficiency in the integrated management system were shown. The main reports of "Building construction projects technology and management: new practices and prospects" conference by Moscow Trade and Commerce Chamber were reviewed in this direction and problems of the new investment and construction project management technology implementation were shown. The ways to solve these problems were disclosed by work examples of PAO "Sberbank", and successfully working in our country firms Bilfinger Tebodin - BIM design and Beiten Burkhard -jurisdiction support. Some economic efficiency questions of BIM implementation were disclosed in the report delivered by The Plekhanov University of Economics (project and program management base department of Capital Group). Management system suggestions, regarding BIM implementation in Moscow construction were given.

Determining the discount rate when evaluating trade organizations: Some features

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
E.A. Grigor'eva ◽  
A.S. Buzhikeeva
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Subject. This article deals with the issues of determining the market value of the trading business, taking into account a number of characteristics. Objectives. The article aims to develop certain provisions of the methodology and practice of evaluating the business of trading organizations, namely, taking into account the additional risk of inventory feasibility when calculating the discount rate. Methods. For the study, we used a systems approach, and the cognition, and economic and analytical research methods. Results. The article presents a three-tiered classification of stocks and a definition of risk based on the criteria for dividing stocks by purpose, degree of implementation, and shelf life in accordance with the scale. Based on the classification, the article offers certain recommendations for determining the discount rate when evaluating trading organizations, aimed at taking into account additional risk. Conclusions. Various evaluation procedures within the framework of traditional approaches and methods in relation to trading organizations do not take into account risk specific to this type of economic activity. The proposed methodology for calculating the discount rate for trade organizations takes into account the features of their functioning.

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO SEARCH FOR RESERVES OF DECREASING COSTS IN THE BRANCHES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Prime Cost ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

In this article approaches to search for reserves of decrease in cost of agricultural production are considered. The methods of cost calculation of dairy cattle breeding products used at the studied enter-prise are analysed, short characteristic of the standard method offered by the Ministry of Agriculture is given, and calculations of alternative options are also carried out. Today creation of accounting of a production unit is very important so that not only weight units must be considered in it, but also the quali-tative structure of products must be reflected. Definition of qualitative characteristics and technological properties by production of milk which depend on use purposes can be an example. The raw materials consumption on a unit of production and its quality and also firmness of storage depends on technologi-cal properties of milk. At calculation of prime cost taking into account qualitative characteristics for cal-culation milk in terms of basic fat content undertakes. The method of calculation of prime cost consider-ing qualitative characteristics is the most expedient as prime cost of 1 c of milk unlike the operating tech-nique is lower. In the article analytical methods of reserves calculation for decrease in prime cost taking into account various factors are proved. The revealed reserves will allow an enterprise to expand its in-vestment opportunities in the future, they will give an additional incentive of modernization of the worn-out machinery and equipment in branches of agriculture.

scholarly journals Modeling of non-standard geometry of energy-efficient building facades

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 05024
Author(s):  
Natalia Knyazeva ◽  
Vladislav Larin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Standard Geometry ◽  
Energy Efficient Building ◽  
Standard Solutions

This article describes the approach of parametric modeling using modern software. This decision should help to change the already established rules for building BIM models. This approach became the basis of the idea of using parametric modeling for two main groups in the modern modeling of construction projects: modeling of the architectural appearance of the building and structures. This method can significantly reduce labor costs, and it also can be used to implement non-standard solutions in the design energy-efficient building facades.

NBIC-Convergence and Technoethics

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Grebenshchikova
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Applied Ethics ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Ethical Reflection ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Ict Ethics

Technoethics is a new, but rapidly developing field of ethical reflection of technoscience. It can claim to unite the various ethical projections of the science and technology development in a common approach. One of the starting points of understanding this role of technoethics may be NBIC-convergence. The ethical dimensions of the NBIC-projects is represented in these sub-areas of applied ethics as a nanoethics, bioethics, neuroethics and ICT ethics. In this article particular attention is paid to the biomedical field, which is a prime example of innovative high technology, as well as the interaction of different types of ethics.

scholarly journals Application Of The Work Breakdown Structure In Determining Cost Buffers In Construction Schedules

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Połoński
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Work Breakdown Structure ◽  
Initial Task ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Construction Schedules

AbstractThe paper presents methods of determining the location of cost buffers and corresponding contingency costs in the CPM schedule based on its work breakdown structure. Application of correctly located cost buffers with appropriately established reserve costs is justified by the common overrunning of scheduled costs in construction projects. Interpolated cost buffers (CB) as separate tasks have been combined with relevant summary tasks by the start–to–start (SS) relationship, whereas the time of their execution has been dynamically connected with the time of accomplishment of particular summary tasks using the “paste connection” option. Besides cost buffers linked with the group of tasks assigned to summary tasks, a definition of the cost buffer for the entire project (PCB) has been proposed, i.e. as one initial task of the entire project. Contingency costs corresponding to these buffers, depending on the data that the planner has at his disposal, can be determined using different methods, but always depend on the costs of all tasks protected by each buffer. The paper presents an exemplary schedule for a facility and the method of determining locations and cost for buffers CB and PCB, as well as their influence on the course of the curve illustrating the budgeted cost of work scheduled (BCWS). The proposed solution has been adjusted and presented with consideration of the possibilities created by the scheduling software MS Project, though its general assumptions may be implemented with application of other similar specialist tools.

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