scholarly journals Morphological Study of Pollen Grains and Seeds in Eight Species from the Family Cruciferae in Iraq

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-676
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Study ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Alliaria Petiolata ◽  
Surface Pattern ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
Surface Sculpture ◽  
The Family ◽  
Basal Position

The shape dimensions and characteristics of pollen grains and seeds have importance in distinguish among species. Therefore, the present study included morphological characteristics of pollen grains and seeds for eight species belonging to eight genera of the family Brassicaceae and these species are: Alliaria petiolata (M.Bieb) Cavara et Grand, Aubrieta parviflora Boiss, Cardamine hirsuta L., Crambe orientalis L., Eromobium aegyptiacum (Spreng.) Schweinf.et Asch.ex Boiss., Parlatoria cakiloidea Boiss., Sterigmostemum sulphureum (Banksetsol.) Bornm. Neotorularia torulosa (Desf.) Hedge & J. Leonard. The pollen grains were studied in morphological and full measurements were taken, the study showed that the majority of the pollen grains was tricolpate and shape was determined to be prolate, sub prolate and prolate spheroidal. In terms of size, the pollen grains of the studied species varied between small size, medium size, the basic surface pattern of the studied pollen grains was reticulate. The study showed that the morphological characteristics of the seeds varied in shape between oblong-elliptic, lenticular- discoid, ovoid, suborbicular and obovoid. The location of hillum was a difference between terminal and basal position and the surface sculpture of the seed surface varied between a longitudinal striate prominent, faintly reticulate, reticulate, pustular, faintly reticulate and pustular and a smooth. The seeds also varied in color and dimensions, existence of wing in the studied species.

scholarly journals Ontogenesis of Pelargonia sidoides (Geraniaceae) under greenhouse conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
M. M. Gaidarzhy ◽  
A. V. Holubenko ◽  
N. V. Nuzhyna ◽  
O. A. Futorna ◽  
O. O. Senchylo
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Red List ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Pelargonium Sidoides ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Family

The article presents the results of the ontogenesis study and complements the morphological description of the valuable medicinal plant Pelargonium sidoides, which is included in the Red List of Plants of South Africa, from the collection of succulents of the O. V. Fomin Botanical Garden. Unlike some species of the Pelargonium genus, which are stem succulents, P. sidoides is a succulent with thickened roots. It has been established that the pregenerative period lasts about 10 months, while the longest is the juvenile stage, during which plants form a large leafy series and begin to form thickened roots. The seedling stage in P. sidoides is much shorter than in many stem succulents with non-succulent leaves. Plants are cross-pollinated, in the conditions of cultivation they form a peduncle longer than in nature, up to 90 cm in length. Flowers are open to 6 days and during this time they undergo three consecutive stages: the opening of the anthers, an asexual pause, readiness of the pistil to be pollinated. Pollen grains are typical for representatives of the Pelargonium genus, but smaller, compared to pollen representatives of other sections. Fruits ripen in a short period 17–25 days, depending on the air temperature. The mericarps of P. sidoides differ in shape, colour and size from the mericarps of representatives of other genera of the Geraniaceae family, but the morphological characteristics of the seeds within the family are similar. The germ is located on the abdominal side of the seed; it occupies almost half of its volume and has clear outlines. According to its morphological features, P. sidoides leaves, as in most other species of the genus, have both mesomorphic and xeromorphic features. Analysis of the data gives ground for characterizing these plants as meso-xerophytes. P. sidoides quickly enters the generative period in the conditions of greenhouse cultivation and has high reproductive capacity.

scholarly journals 24A study on pollen morphology of the family Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Hong Quang Bui ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Sem Analyses

This paper uses scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses and light microscopy (LM) to study pollen grains of species of the family Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link distributed in Vietnam, including 23 species belonging to 6 genera of the family (Oleaceae). Pollen grains of all species (Oleaceae) in Vietnam are isopolar, radial, 3- prolate pollen grains small size, with two types: subprolate type (Jasminum and Olea) and prolate spheroidal type (Jasminum, Fraxinus, Ligustrum, Osmanthus, and Chengiodendron). The surface of the pollen grains in most species is reticulate. These are important morphological features to classify the Nhai family through pollen morphology

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of the Polish species of the genus Sorbus L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Bednorz ◽  
Irmina Maciejewska ◽  
Dorota Wrońska-Pilarek ◽  
Toshiyuki Fujiki
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Sorbus Aucuparia ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
Medium Thickness ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Close Relationship

This paper presents the results of the study on pollen morphology of five Polish species of the genus <em>Sorbus</em> L. (<em>S. aria</em> (L.) Crantz, <em>S. aucuparia</em> L. Emend. Hedl., <em>S. chamaemespilus</em> (L.) Crantz, <em>S. intermedia</em> (Ehrh.) Pers. and <em>S. torminalis</em> (L.) Crantz). Observations were carried out with light and scanning microscopes. Investigated pollen grains were small or medium size, most often subprolate or prolate spheroidal in outline. Exine of medium thickness, consisted of two layers. Mainly 3-zonocolporate or sometimes 4-zonocolporate (<em>S. chamaemespilus</em> and <em>S. torminalis</em>) grains were noted. Usually striatae type of sculpture was observed, except the grains of <em>S. intermedia</em>, which were characterized by intermediate type of sculpture, with the features both striate and regulate ornamentation. Pollen morphology of the investigated <em>Sorbus</em> species corresponds with their systematic classification. It is relatively easy to separate pollen grains of the following subgenera: <em>Sorbus</em>, <em>Chamaemespilus</em> and <em>Torminaria</em>. Only subgenus <em>Aria</em> includes grains of different morphology and therefore it is impossible to determine the diagnostic features of this subgenus. Pollen morphology does not confirm a close relationship between <em>S. aria</em> and <em>S. intermedia</em>. It is possible to distinguished pollen grains of all the analysed native species. However, there are no important differences in pollen morphology between the subspecies of <em>Sorbus aucuparia</em>. The key for Polish <em>Sorbus</em> species, based on pollen grain characters is given too.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of Quercus (subgenus Quercus, section Quercus) in Iran and its systematic implication

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Panahi ◽  
Mohammad R. Pourmajidian ◽  
Asghar Fallah ◽  
Mehdi Pourhashemi
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Structural Pattern ◽  
Pollen Characters ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pollen Shape ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Systematic Implication

For the first time, pollen morphology of 9 (4 spp. and 5 subspp.) taxa representing lobed leaved oaks of Iran in the family of Fagaceae has been examined and illustrated using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of acetolysed material. Detailed pollen morphological characteristics are given for <em>Quercus</em> section. The pollen grains are single, isopolar, radially symmetrical, tricolpate, tricolporoidate or tricolporate. Pollens were studied to show all possible characteristics like shape, size, apertures, wall thickness, etc., with special reference to the specific features of each pollen type such as structural, sculptural and suprasculptural patterns. There is considerable variation in pollen morphology between taxa so that, three types of pollen shape, five types of structural pattern, two types of sculptural pattern, five types of suprasculptural pattern and three types of perfora distribution are defined. Furthermore, the relationship between pollen morphology and taxonomy is discussed. Overall, pollen characters are shown to be a useful and informative tool for assessing taxonomic position within <em>Quercus</em> section in Iran.

Studies in Gentianaceae. Microsporangium and pollen

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sankara Rao ◽  
C. C. Chinnappa
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Surface Pattern ◽  
Anther Dehiscence ◽  
Ground Tissue ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject

The development and structure of the microsporangium and pollen in 22 taxa from the Gentianaceae have been studied and literature on the subject reviewed. Formation of the microsporangial wall follows the dicotyledonous sequence. In Exacum and Cotylanthera, the anthers dehisce by pores, and the endothecium is nonfibrous. The other genera have longitudinal anther dehiscence, and the endothecium is fibrous. Although a single middle layer is usual in the family, Exacum, Cotylanthera, Voyria and Swertia carolinensis show one to four middle layers. The tapetum is derived partly from the primary parietal layer and partly from the ground tissue on the connective side. A tapetum of sporogenous origin occurs in some Gentianinae and Erythraeinae where partitions of tapetal tissue (sterile trabeculae) subdivide the microsporangium. Ubisch granules are present in Exacum. Cytokinesis in the microsporocytes is simultaneous. Microspore tetrads are tetrahedral, isobilateral, or decussate. Pollen grains are two or three celled at the time of anther dehiscence. They occur as single grains or are held in tetrads or polyads. Single grains are tri-, tetra-, or penta-colporate or pericolporate or one to six porate with smooth, scabrous, striate, striato-reticulate or reticulate surface pattern. Variation among tribes and subtribes and lack of information on the microsporangium in Chironiinae, Tachiinae, Rusbyantheae, Helieae, Voyrieae, and Leiphaimeae are pointed out.

scholarly journals Use of Pollen Morphology Traits for Identifying Species of Centaurea L. Asteraceae in Kurdistan-Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
Rizgar Y. Ismail ◽  
Saleem E. Shahbaz
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Polar View ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
Oblate Spheroidal ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Pollen Shape

The polleniferous material of Centaurea taxa grow in Kurdistan-Iraq was collected. Samples were tested using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM). In the polar view, pollen grain outlines are mostly triangular or triangular-circular. In equatorial view, the elliptic shape is common, while circulars or semicircular shapes are rare. The exine sculpture is scabrate, and the tectum is perforate. Number of sculpture microspinules/ µm², and their heights together with the number of wall perforations provide significant characters for taxa delimitation. Pollen grains of all species are of medium size, very few of some species pollen are larger or smaller in size. Species producing subprolate pollen shape is common, while oblate spheroidal and Prolate spheroidal shapes are less common. The principal component analysis and the discriminant analysis can recognize 65.478% and 87.54% of the total variability respectively; moreover, the discriminant function can correctly classify 125 or 78.125% out of 160 observations for pollen traits. 

scholarly journals Morphological Study of Pollen Grains of Angiosperms

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
Pushpa Karna Mallick
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Study ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
The Family ◽  
Euphorbia Milii ◽  
Pollination Systems ◽  
Plant Systematic

Pollen morphology of twelve species of angiosperms from Central Nepal was cytologically carried out in present investigation. In this investigation pollen morphology of Bignonia venusta Ker Gawl. and Jacranda mimisifolia D.Don from the family Bignoniaceae; Brassica compestris L. from Brassicaceae; Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth. from Lythraceae; Coriandrum sativum L. from Apiaceae; Crepis japonica L. and Dichrocephala integrifolia (L f.) kunzte. from Asteraceae; Delphinium ajacis L. from Ranunculaceae; Dianthus barbetus L. from Caryophyllaceae; Euphorbia Milii Des Moul. and Euphorbia pulcherima L. from Euphorbiaceae and Magnolia fuscata from Magnoliaceae were studied. Shape of the pollen grains found to be mostly spheroidal, few circular, one elliptical, one triangular and one elongated in this study. Sculpture of exine wall found to be smooth, echidnae, tected, reticulated and perforated type. Aperture of the pollen grains found to be triporate to pentaporate. The large, medium and small sized pollen grains were observed in present research. The high diversty of sculpture type in pollen grains of angiosperms has been associated to diversity in pollination systems. Smooth pollen grains are linked with wind or water pollination while sculptured pollen grains associated with biotic pollination. The morphology of pollen grain is one of the significant tools in solving some taxonomic problems such as identification, tracing phylogenetic relationship on the family, generic or specific level and in plant systematic and evolution. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(3): 354-358

Pollen characterization of ornamental species of Mammillaria Haw. (Cactaceae/Cactoideae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise M. D. S. Mouga ◽  
Gabriel R. Schroeder ◽  
Nilton P. Vieira Junior ◽  
Enderlei Dec
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Radial Symmetry ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Ornamental Species

The pollen morphology of thirteen species of Cactaceae was studied: M. backebergiana F.G. Buchenau, M. decipiens Scheidw, M. elongata DC, M. gracilis Pfeiff., M. hahniana Werderm., M. marksiana Krainz, M. matudae Bravo, M. nejapensis R.T. Craig & E.Y. Dawson, M. nivosa Link ex Pfeiff., M. plumosa F.A.C. Weber, M. prolifera (Mill.) Haw, M. spinosissima var. “A Peak” Lem. and M. voburnensis Scheer. All analysed pollen grains are monads, with radial symmetry, medium size (M. gracilis, M. marksiana, M. prolifera, large), tricolpates (dimorphs in M. plumosa [3-6 colpus] and M. prolifera [3-6 colpus]), with circular-subcircular amb (quadrangular in M. prolifera and M. plumosa with six colpus). The pollen grains presented differences in relation to the shape and exine thickness. The exine was microechinate and microperforated. The pollen morphological data are unpublished and will aid in studies that use pollen samples. These pollen grains indicate ornamental cacti.

scholarly journals A systematic revision of Capparaceae and Cleomaceae in Egypt: an evaluation of the generic delimitations of Capparis and Cleome using ecological and genetic diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd. S. El zayat ◽  
Mahmoud El Sayd Ali ◽  
Mohamed Hamdy Amar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Dna Evidence ◽  
The Family

Abstract Background The Capparaceae family is commonly recognized as a caper, while Cleomaceae represents one of small flowering family within the order Brassicales. Earlier, Cleomaceae was included in the family Capparaceae; then, it was moved to a distinct family after DNA evidence. Variation in habits and a bewildering array of floral and fruit forms contributed to making Capparaceae a “trash-basket” family in which many unrelated plants were placed. Indeed, family Capparaceae and Cleomaceae are in clear need of more detailed systematic revision. Results Here, in the present study, the morphological characteristics and the ecological distribution as well as the genetic diversity analysis among the twelve species of both Capparaceae and Cleomaceae have been determined. The genetic analysis has been checked using 15 ISSR, 30 SRAP, and 18 ISTR to assess the systematic knots between the two families. In order to detect the molecular phylogeny, a comparative analysis of the three markers was performed based on the exposure of discriminating capacity, efficiency, and phylogenetic heatmap. Our results indicated that there is a morphological and ecological variation between the two families. Moreover, the molecular analysis confirmed that ISTR followed by SRAP markers has superior discriminating capacity for describing the genetic diversity and is able to simultaneously distinguish many polymorphic markers per reaction. Indeed, both the PCA and HCA data have drawn a successful annotation relationship in Capparaceae and Cleome species to evaluate whether the specific group sort individual or overlap groups. Conclusion The outcomes of the morphological and ecological characterization along with the genetic diversity indicated an insight solution thorny interspecies in Cleome and Gynandropsis genera as a distinct family (Cleomaceae) and the other genera (Capparis, Cadaba, Boscia, and Maerua) as Capparaceae. Finally, we recommended further studies to elucidate the systematic position of Dipterygium glaucum.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document