scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Propagation in VHF Military Tactical Communication System

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 1378
Author(s):  
Azita Laily Yusof ◽  
Hafizi Halim ◽  
Norsuzila Ya'acob ◽  
Nur Haidah Mohd Hanapiah
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Suburban Area ◽  
Radio Propagation ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Path Loss Exponent ◽  
Main Challenge

The main challenge of military tactical communication systems is the accessibility of relevant information on the particular operating environment required for the determination of the waveform's ideal use. The existing propagation model focuses mainly on broadcasting and commercial wireless communication with a highs transceiver antenna that is not suitable for numerous military tactical communication systems. This paper presents a study of the path loss model related to radio propagation profile within the suburban in Kuala Lumpur. The experimental path loss modeling for VHF propagation was collected from various suburban settings for the 30-88 MHz frequency range. This experiment was highly affected by ecological factors and existing wave propagation effects such as reflection, diffraction, scattering, and Doppler effect. Radio propagation performance is evaluated by collecting received power at the allocated substation and comparing it against existing propagation models. The existing propagation model also will be tuned close to the measurement value by identifying the best path loss exponent to perform a suitable model for a suburban area. Theoretical assessments and analysis of the initial measurement stage for radio propagation show the extensive contribution of radio field from potential obstacles at lower VHF frequencies for both short and medium ranges around there. The explanation indicates the standard radio propagation prediction models that are generally reasonable for the suburban area. From the general error analysis, it is seen that, the performance of the LDPL with adjusting path loss exponent is the suitable model since it has least value of error metrics.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PROPAGASI PADA KAWASAN KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS NUSA CENDANA PENFUI KUPANG

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Leonardo F. Lay ◽  
Kalvein Rantelobo ◽  
Beby H. A. Manafe
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Acceptance Test ◽  
Test Drive ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
The University

In a telecommunications system, a radio propagation model is needed to do a design, construction, and development of mobile communication systems. Propagation models commonly used are the Okumura-Hatta model and the COST model 231. These models are used to determine an accurate propagation model in a particular area. This study aims to obtain a propagation model on the environmental conditions of dry-land such as the University of Nusa Cendana areas by using Okumura-Hata path loss modeling and COST-231. In this study, the acceptance test drive was carried out at frequencies of 900 Mhz, 1800 Mhz and 1900 MHz using the G-NetTrack application on Telkomsel BTS in the University of Nusa Cendana area with Latitude coordinates -10.156738 and Longitude 123.668422 as well as observing frequencies using Spectrum Analyzer to be used as primary data. The next step is to calculate the received power data as secondary data using the Okumura-Hata path loss calculation and COST-231. Based on primary and secondary data an analysis of which propagation model matches the measurements in the field is carried out. From the propagation analysis, it can be concluded that the propagation model that suits the conditions on the campus area is the Okumura-Hatta model.

scholarly journals MEASUREMENTSBASEDEVALUATION OF PATHLOSSEXPONENTS IN URBAN OUTDOORENVIRONMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Akohoule Alex ◽  
◽  
Bamba Aliou ◽  
Kamagate Aladji ◽  
Konate Adama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Wireless Channel ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Path Loss Exponent ◽  
Outdoor Environments ◽  
The Impact

In wireless networks, propagation models are used to assess the received power signal and estimate the propagation channel. These models depend on the pathloss exponent (PLE) which is one of the main parameters to characterize the propagation environment. Indeed, in the wireless channel, the path loss exponent has a strong impact on the quality of the links and must therefore be estimated with precision for an efficient design and operation of the wireless network. This paper addresses the issue of path loss exponents estimation for mobile networks in four outdoor environments. This study is based on measurements carried out in four outdoor environments at the frequency of 2600 MHz within a bandwidth of 70 MHz. It evaluates the path loss exponent, and the impact of obstacles present in the environments. The parameters of the propagation model determined from the measurements show that the average power of the received signal decreases logarithmically with the distance. We obtained path loss exponents values of 4.8, 3.53, 3.6 and 3.99 for the site 1, site 2, site 3 and site 4, respectively. Clearly the density of the obstacles has an impact on the path loss exponents and our study shows that the received signal decrease faster as the transmitter and receiver separation in the dense environments.

scholarly journals Factorial Design Analysis for Localization Algorithms

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2654
Author(s):  
Joaquin Mass-Sanchez ◽  
Erica Ruiz-Ibarra ◽  
Ana Gonzalez-Sanchez ◽  
Adolfo Espinoza-Ruiz ◽  
Joaquin Cortez-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Path Loss Exponent ◽  
Localization Algorithms ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
The Impact

Localization is a fundamental problem in Wireless Sensor Networks, as it provides useful information regarding the detection of an event. There are different localization algorithms applied in single-hop or multi-hop networks; in both cases their performance depends on several factors involved in the evaluation scenario such as node density, the number of reference nodes and the log-normal shadowing propagation model, determined by the path-loss exponent (η) and the noise level (σdB) which impact on the accuracy and precision performance metrics of localization techniques. In this paper, we present a statistical analysis based on the 2k factorial methodology to determine the key factors affecting the performance metrics of localization techniques in a single-hop network to concentrate on such parameters, thus reducing the amount of simulation time required. For this proposal, MATLAB simulations are carried out in different scenarios, i.e., extreme values are used for each of the factors of interest and the impact of the interaction among them in the performance metrics is observed. The simulation results show that the path-loss exponent (η) and noise level (σdB) factors have the greatest impact on the accuracy and precision metrics evaluated in this study. Based on this statistical analysis, we recommend estimating the propagation model as close to reality as possible to consider it in the design of new localization techniques and thus improve their accuracy and precision metrics.

scholarly journals Hata Model Path Loss Optimization using Least Mean Square Regression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepti Kakkar ◽  
Aditi Bharmaik ◽  
Ankita Sharma ◽  
Eshwari S.S. Dagar ◽  
Parul Rattanpal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Equation ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Stochastic Approach ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Least Mean Square ◽  
Mobile Cellular ◽  
Urban City

Astochastic approach based optimization technique to optimize the Hata model path loss equation is presented in this paper. In this paper, the existing Hata model equation for determining path loss in medium urban city is optimized using Least Mean Square regression method. Out of various path loss models available, Hata model was chosen due to its accuracy and reliability in an urban propagation environment. The optimization technique proposed is applied to get the optimumcoefficients of Hata propagation model equation. This stochastic approach is based on reducing the mean square difference between the measured and predicted path loss by adjusting the error coefficients of MSE through regression. The MSE obtained after optimization is significantly lower than that obtained from the existing Hata model. For better planning and implementation of mobile cellular networks there is a need for modifying the existing path loss prediction models. This optimized model can be used to improve the quality of service in 900MHz band in a medium sized urban environment.

scholarly journals An environmental channel throughput and radio propagation modeling for vehicle-to-vehicle communication

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 155014771877253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdulhakim Al-Absi ◽  
Ahmed Abdulhakim Al-Absi ◽  
TaeYong Kim ◽  
Hoon Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Radio Propagation ◽  
Propagation Path ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
Packet Delivery

Developing a secure and smart intelligent transport system for both safety and non-safety application services requires a certain guarantee of network performance, especially in terms of throughput and packet collision performance. The vehicular ad hoc network propagation is strongly affected due to varying nature of the environment. The existing radio propagation path loss models are designed by using mean additional attenuation sophisticated fading models. However, these models do not consider the obstacle caused due to the obstacle of the vehicle in line of sight of the transmitting and receiving vehicle. Thus, the attenuation signal at the receiving vehicles/devices is affected. To address this issue, we present an obstacle-based radio propagation model that considers the effect caused due to the presence of obstructing vehicle in line of sight. This model is evaluated under different environmental conditions (i.e. city, highway, and rural) by varying the speed of vehicles and vehicles’ density. The performance of the model is evaluated in terms of throughput, collision, transmission efficiency, and packet delivery ratio. The overall result shows that the proposed obstacle-based throughput model is efficient considering varied speed and density. For instance, in the city environment, the model achieves an average improvement of 9.98% and 25.02% for throughput performance over other environments by varying the speed and density of devices respectively and an improvement of 15.04% for packet delivery ratio performance over other environments considering varied speed of devices.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Path-Loss Exponent by Bayesian Filtering Method

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934
Author(s):  
Piotr Wojcicki ◽  
Tomasz Zientarski ◽  
Malgorzata Charytanowicz ◽  
Edyta Lukasik
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Bayesian Filtering ◽  
Network Parameter ◽  
Path Loss Exponent ◽  
Dynamic Estimation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Log Normal

Regarding wireless sensor network parameter estimation of the propagation model is a most important issue. Variations of the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter are a fundamental problem of a system based on signal strength. In the present paper, we propose an algorithm based on Bayesian filtering techniques for estimating the path-loss exponent of the log-normal shadowing propagation model for outdoor RSSI measurements. Furthermore, in a series of experiments, we will demonstrate the usefulness of the particle filter for estimating the RSSI data. The stability of this algorithm and the differences in determined path-loss exponent for both method were also analysed. The proposed method of dynamic estimation results in significant improvements of the accuracy of RSSI values when compared with the experimental measurements. It should be emphasised that the path-loss exponent mainly depends on the RSSI data. Our results also indicate that increasing the number of inserted particles does not significantly raise the quality of the estimated parameters.

Survey of Radio Propagation Models for Acoustic Applications in Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Saini ◽  
Rishi Pal Singh ◽  
Adwitiya Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Radio Propagation ◽  
Propagation Models ◽  
Loss Model ◽  
Path Loss Model ◽  
Radio Propagation Model

Background: Acoustic waves have a large range of applications in UWSNs from underwater monitoring to disaster management, military surveillance to assisted navigation. Acoustic waves are primarily used for wireless communication in water. But radio waves are more suitable than acoustic waves for many underwater applications (e.g. real-time applications, shallow water applications). Objectives: A propagation model is required to effectively design a radio wave based UWSN. Propagation model predicts the average received signal strength at a given distance from the transmitter and the variability of the signal strength in close spatial proximity to a particular location. Various radio propagation models are developed for air. Methods: The performance of RF-EM waves underwater is not the same as that in the air. Many parameters which have real-value in the air becomes complex valued in seawater. Thus, propagation models for air cannot be directly used to calculate propagation loss underwater. Various radio propagation models are developed for water by Al-Shamaa’a et al., Uribe and Grote, Jiang et al., Elrashidi et al., Hattab et al. Each model has some merits and demerits. Path loss model developed by Al-Shamma’a et al. is a simple model based on attenuation only. Results: Uribe and Grote have introduced distance-dependent attenuation coefficient in path loss calculation. Path loss model by Jiang et al. calculates path loss for freshwater. Model by Hattab et al. is specifically designed for UWSN. According to the authors, it is the first path loss model developed for UWSN. Elrashidi et al. have calculated path loss for freshwater and seawater at 2.4 GHz. The model includes the effect of the reflected signals on the received signal by the receiver node. Conclusion: The paper presents a comparative analysis of these various radio propagation models developed for underwater. Among these models, the radio propagation model by Hattab et al. is more realistic and covers both propagation loss and interface loss. According to the authors, it is the first radio propagation model developed for UWSNs.

scholarly journals Study and Analysis of a Multilayer Multipair Electret-Based Thin-Film Mechanical Antenna

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
K. P. Zhou ◽  
Y. T. Niu ◽  
W. N. Liu ◽  
Z. D. Wang ◽  
S. H. Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Emission Frequency ◽  
The Relationship

Very low-frequency (VLF) and ultralow-frequency (ULF) electromagnetic waves have the advantage of high penetration and low propagation loss in wireless communication systems and are mainly used for underwater and underground communications, as well as for earthquake and lightning forecasting. At present, VLF and ULF antennas are mostly bulky and require hundreds of antennas and more to be set up, which is costly and inefficient. In this paper, we propose to generate VLF and ULF signals by rotating a multilayer multipair electret thin-film electret driven by an excitation device, which improves the problem of low radiation efficiency of VLF and ULF signals and the large size of conventional low-frequency transmitting antennas. Based on a multilayer, multipair electret film mechanical antenna, a magnetic field propagation model is developed, and the relationship between the magnetic flux density mode and the number of layers of electret films, as well as the relationship between the antenna emission frequency and the motor rotation frequency and the number of pairs of electret films, is analyzed. The selection of a suitable model for practical situations based on conditions such as antenna size and propagation distance is illustrated. The research work is of great importance for guiding the design of mechanical antennas and optimizing antenna structures.

scholarly journals Spatial characterization of propagation channels for terahertz band

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Aghoutane ◽  
Mohammed El Ghzaoui ◽  
Hanan El Faylali
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Terahertz Band ◽  
Indoor Scenarios ◽  
Transmission Windows ◽  
Sv Channel

AbstractThe aim of this work consists in characterizing the Terahertz (THz) propagation channel in an indoor environment, in order to propose a channel model for THz bands. We first described a propagation loss model by taking into account the attenuation of the channel as a function of distance and frequency. The impulse response of the channel is then described by a set of rays, characterized by their amplitude, their delay and their phase. Apart from the frequency selective nature, path loss in THz band is also an others issue associated with THz communication systems. This work based on the conventional Saleh-Valenzuela (SV) model which is intended for indoor scenarios. In this paper, we have introduced random variables as Line of sight (LOS) component, and then merging it with the SV channel model to adopt it to the THz context. From simulation, we noted an important effect when the distance between the transmitter and the receiver change. This effect produces variations in frequency loss. The simulations carried out from this model show that to enhance the performance of THz system it is recommended to transmit information over transmission windows instead over the whole band.

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