scholarly journals Water Injection for Oil Recovery by using Reservoir Simulation via CFD

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 428
Author(s):  
B.F. Towler

The Mereenie Field in the Amadeus Basin was discovered in 1964 and contains an estimated 240 million barrels of oil and 480 billion (USA) cubic feet of gas in three formations. The field commenced production at 1500 barrels of oil per day from seven wells in September 1984. The structure is large and elongated and the oil in the permeable sands appears as a rim round the structure. This paper describes a reservoir simulation study initiated to evaluate the recovery of oil from wells sited on the north and south flanks of the anticline where the steep dips cause the oil rim to become very narrow.Ten studies were made on a 21 × 15 cell pattern model using a three phase semi-implicit black oil reservoir simulator. The ten runs compared oil recovery and gas/oil ratio as a function of formation dip, bottom hole flowing pressure, gas injection and water injection. These showed that the flank wells could be expected to recover 300 000 stock tank barrels of oil from primary and secondary operations which represents about 25 per cent of the oil in place for wells sited on half mile spacings. However the wells will experience high gas/oil ratios and a steep decline in oil rate.


Author(s):  
Relber Bernardo Lopes

<p>A recuperação aprimorada de reservatórios de óleo pesado só ocorre mediante um método de suplementação de energia, tal como a injeção de água ou a aplicação de um procedimento térmico. Para procedimento térmicos, tradicionalmente há injeção de vapor, injeção de água quente e combustão {\it in-situ}. No entanto, os procedimento térmicos denominados não convencionais, como o aquecimento eletromagnético, formam um novo grupo de técnicas de recuperação de óleo. Neste trabalho, utilizamos simulação numérica de reservatórios para estudar um procedimento térmico não convencional usando os chamados aquecedores de poços. Consideramos um fluxo monofásico não-isotérmico bidimensional de óleo ligeiramente compressível. Para determinar a pressão e a temperatura do reservatório, empregamos o método das diferenças finitas, além de um esquema numérico totalmente implícito e um fracionamento de etapas. Os resultados mostram que a técnica de aquecimento considerada pode ser usada para melhorar a recuperação de petróleo pesado, mantendo a pressão do reservatório alta por um longo período em comparação com as outras estratégias.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: Método das diferenças finitas, fluxo não-isotérmico, fracionamento de etapas, simulação de reservatório, aquecedores de poços.</p><p>===========================================================================</p><p>Enhanced recovery for heavy oil reservoirs only occurs using a method of energy supplementation, like water injection or a thermal method. For thermal methods, traditionally there are steam injection, hot water injection and the {\it in-situ} combustion. However, thermal methods named non-conventional, such as electromagnetic heating, form a new group of oil recovery methods. In this work, we use numerical reservoir simulation in order to study a non-conventional thermal method using the so-called well heaters. We consider a two-dimensional non-isothermal single-phase flow of slightly compressible oil. In order to determine the pressure and temperature of the reservoir, we employ the finite differences method, a totally implicit numerical scheme, and an operator splitting. The results show that the heating technique considered can be used to enhance heavy oil recovery by maintaining the reservoir pressure high for a long period when compared to the other strategies.</p><p><strong>Key words</strong>: Finite differences method, non-isothermal flow, operator splitting, reservoir simulation, well heaters.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Beteta ◽  
Oscar Vazquez ◽  
Munther Mohammed Al Kalbani ◽  
Faith Eze

Abstract This study aims to demonstrate the changes to scale inhibitor squeeze lifetimes in a polymer flooded reservoir versus a water flooded reservoir. A squeeze campaign was designed for the base water flood system, then injection was switched to polymer flooding at early and late field life. The squeeze design strategy was adapted to maintain full scale protection under the new system. During the field life, the production of water is a constant challenge. Both in terms of water handling, but also the associated risk of mineral scale deposition. Squeeze treatment is a common technique, where a scale inhibitor is injected to prevent the formation of scale. The squeeze lifetime is dictated by the adsorption/desorption properties of the inhibitor chemical, along with the water rate at the production well. The impact on the adsorption properties and changes to water rate on squeeze lifetime during polymer flooding are studied using reservoir simulation. A two-dimensional 5-spot model was used in this study, considered a reasonable representation of a field scenario, where it was observed that when applying polymer (HPAM) flooding, with either a constant viscosity or with polymer degradation, the number of squeeze treatments was significantly reduced as compared to the water flood case. This is due to the significant delay in water production induced by the polymer flood. When the polymer flood was initiated later in field life, 0.5PV (reservoir pore volumes) of water injection, water cut approximately 70%, the number of squeeze treatments required was still lower than the water flood base case. However, it was also observed that in all cases, at later stages of field life the positive impacts of polymer flooding on squeeze lifetime begin to diminish, due in part to the high viscosity fluid now present in the production near-wellbore region. This study represents the first coupled reservoir simulation/squeeze treatment design for a polymer flooded reservoir. It has been demonstrated that in over the course of a field lifetime, polymer flooding will in fact reduce the number of squeeze treatments required even with a potential reduction in inhibitor adsorption. This highlights an opportunity for further optimization and a key benefit of polymer flooding in terms of scale management, aside from the enhanced oil recovery.


1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.P. Fournier

Abstract This report describes work on the problem of predicting oil recovery from a reservoir into which water is injected at a temperature higher than the reservoir temperature, taking into account effects of viscosity-ratio reduction, heat loss and thermal expansion. It includes the derivation of the equations involved, the finite difference equations used to solve the partial differential equation which models the system, and the results obtained using the IBM 1620 and 7090–1401 computers. Figures and tables show present results of this study of recovery as a function of reservoir thickness and injection rate. For a possible reservoir hot water flood in which 1,000 BWPD at 250F are injected, an additional 5 per cent recovery of oil in place in a swept 1,000-ft-radius reservoir is predicted after injection of one pore volume of water. INTRODUCTION The problem of predicting oil recovery from the injection of hot water has been discussed by several researchers.1–6,19 In no case has the problem of predicting heat losses been rigorously incorporated into the recovery and displacement calculation problem. Willman et al. describe an approximate method of such treatment.1 The calculation of heat losses in a reservoir and the corresponding temperature distribution while injecting a hot fluid has been attempted by several authors.7,8 In this report a method is presented to numerically predict the oil displacement by hot water in a radial system, taking into account the heat losses to adjacent strata, changes in viscosity ratio with temperature and the thermal-expansion effect for both oil and water. DERIVATION OF BASIC EQUATIONS We start with the familiar Buckley-Leverett9 equation for a radial system:*Equation 1 This can be written in the formEquation 2 This is sometimes referred to as the Lagrangian form of the displacement equation.


2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Faizul Mat Ali ◽  
Radzuan Junin ◽  
Nor Hidayah Md Aziz ◽  
Adibah Salleh

Malaysia oilfield especially in Malay basin has currently show sign of maturity phase which involving high water-cut and also pressure declining. In recent event, Malaysia through Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS) will be first implemented an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) project at the Tapis oilfield and is scheduled to start operations in 2014. In this project, techniques utilizing water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection which is a type of gas flooding method in EOR are expected to improve oil recovery to the field. However, application of gas flooding in EOR process has a few flaws which including poor sweep efficiency due to high mobility ratio of oil and gas that promotes an early breakthrough. Therefore, a concept of carbonated water injection (CWI) in which utilizing CO2, has ability to dissolve in water prior to injection was applied. This study is carried out to assess the suitability of CWI to be implemented in improving oil recovery in simulated sandstone reservoir. A series of displacement test to investigate the range of recovery improvement at different CO2 concentrations was carried out with different recovery mode stages. Wettability alteration properties of CWI also become one of the focuses of the study. The outcome of this study has shown a promising result in recovered residual oil by alternating the wettability characteristic of porous media becomes more water-wet.


2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sohrabi ◽  
P. Mahzari ◽  
S. A. Farzaneh ◽  
J. R. Mills ◽  
P. Tsolis ◽  
...  

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