scholarly journals Gender Diversity in the Boardroom and It's Impacts: Is the Example of Norway a Way Forward?

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Sjafjell
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Planetary Boundaries ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainable Value ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
High Level

Norway is one of the most egalitarian countries in the world, with a high level of gender equality and a high percentage of women at work. Nevertheless, mandatory rules appeared necessary to bring about changes in the composition of corporate boards. This article describes the coup that made Norway the first country in the world to mandate gender diversity on corporate boards and outlines Norway’s innovative legislative approach to this issue. The significance of gender diversity to corporate governance is discussed, drawing on empirical studies of the effect of diversity on the performance of companies. The article also discusses the potentially broader impact of gender diversity in the boardroom, including the pressing question of whether gender diversity in the boardroom can help companies create sustainable value within the planetary boundaries.

scholarly journals Board Diversity: More Than a Gender Issue?

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Adams
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Board Diversity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right

There has been extensive research conducted on the importance of corporate governance around the world. The research seems to demonstrate that, regardless of whether corporations are based in common law or civil code systems, their longevity and sustainability arise from good corporate governance. However, the evidence does not clearly demonstrate a correlation between a particular organisation’s governance structure and practices and its share price. Around the world the question of board diversity is gaining in importance. The beginning of the debate in the 1960s centred on gender. While it is essential to conduct a debate on gender diversity, other aspects of diversity should also be considered. Race, culture and even age may have a direct impact on the performance of a board. Australian companies, particularly those listed on the ASX, have a poor record of instituting any type of diversity. The USA and European Union have a much wider range of policies to promote diversity on corporate boards. The key question is how best to regulate to promote diversity across gender, race, culture and age. The historical approach of regulating diversity by setting targets and requiring disclosure does not seem to have delivered substantial change. Is it the right time to impose mandatory requirements, or are there other alternative strategies? Without doubt change is required, but there will be opposition.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Fluctuation of the Number of ISO 9001:2015 Certificates in the Republic of Croatia and Assessment of Satisfaction of Business Organisations Leadership with the Certificate

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Petar Vušković
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Annual Fluctuation ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe ISO 9001:2015 certificate of quality is nowadays the most renowned quality standard in the world. Standardised quality has become an imperative competitive advantage on the market for all serious business organisations. The fluctuation of the number of certificates of quality indicates to what extent companies are willing to ensure the quality of their products and services to customers and clients, and how fast the domestic market is standardised and integrated into the global economy. This paper presents the results of two empirical studies. The first one focused on the analysis of the fluctuation in the number of ISO 9001:2015 certificates in the period from 2008 to 2018, while the second aimed to determine the satisfaction of leadership with the certificate. The study has shown that, during the observed period, the number of certificates of quality in Croatia fluctuated between – 18% and +22% annually. At the annual level, a certain number of companies lose their certificates or opt for decertification. For that reason, a study of the leadership’s level of satisfaction with the ISO 9001:2015 certificate was conducted using a sample of 296 certified business organisations. The study has proven that the leadership showed a high level of satisfaction with the certificate of quality and that they appreciate business organisations with certificates of quality. It demonstrates that the quality management certification has a bright future regardless of the annual fluctuation of the number of certificates.

Female directors on corporate boards and their impact on corporate social responsibility (CSR): evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqas Bin Khidmat ◽  
Muhammad Danish Habib ◽  
Sadia Awan ◽  
Kashif Raza
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Female Representation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Corporate Social

Purpose This study aims to examine the determinants of the female representations on Chinese listed firm’s boards. This study also investigates the effect of gender diversity on corporate social responsibility activities. Design/methodology/approach The Tobit regression model is used because the data is censored and using ordinary least square regression can give spurious results. For robust check, the authors also used Heckman’s (1979) two-stage self-selection model to remove the sample self-selection bias. Findings The authors find that the female representations on the corporate board are positively associated with firm age, firm performance, corporate governance, family ownership, institutional ownership and managerial ownership while negatively related to firm size and state ownership. This study also incorporates predictors of the critical mass of women on the Chinese listed firm’s board. The study also tests the female-led hypothesis and concludes that the female representation increases in firms with female chief executive officer (CEO) or female chairpersons. The Chinese listed firms with gender-diverse board are socially responsible. Research limitations/implications The importance of diversity in corporate boards has been demonstrated in light of the agency theory and the resource dependence framework. The results contribute to the previous literature by documenting the determinants of female representations on board, robust by alternative measures of gender diversity, firm size, corporate governance and estimation techniques. Practical implications The economic significance of gender diversity stirred the firms to increase female representation. The policymakers can understand the reasons for female underrepresentation in Chinese boards and can reform the regulation to enhance governance quality, non-state ownership and risk aversion among the listed firms. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the key predictor of the world’s largest emerging economy, specifically the study focuses on the firm specific determinants, different governance attributes, ownership structure and firm risk measures. This study also seeks to answer if the presence of a female in the Chairperson or CEO position encourages the firms to hire more female directors or not?

scholarly journals Board gender diversity and environmental, social and governance performance of US banks: moderating role of environmental, social and corporate governance controversies

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hassan Shakil ◽  
Mashiyat Tasnia ◽  
Md Imtiaz Mostafiz
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Omitted Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dynamic Panel Regression ◽  
Board Gender Diversity

PurposeGender diversity in corporate boards is broadly studied in existing corporate governance literature. However, the role of board gender diversity on environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance of the banks is still unaccounted for. Drawing on resource dependence and legitimacy theory, this study addresses this pressing research issue. Moreover, investigation of ESG controversies as a moderator paves the existing corporate governance research to the new avenues.Design/methodology/approachData were sourced from Refinitiv database on 37 US banks from the period of 2013 to 2017. This study employs static and dynamic panel regression models that include random effects, fixed effects and dynamic generalised method of moments (GMMs) to test the hypotheses. Furthermore, system GMM is used to reduce the issue of endogeneity, measurement error, omitted variables bias and bank-specific heterogeneity.FindingsWe identify a significant positive relationship between board gender diversity and the ESG performance of US banks. However, the result propounds non-significant moderating effect of ESG controversies on the board gender diversity–ESG performance nexus.Originality/valueLiterature on board gender diversity and ESG separately and predominantly explains firm/bank's financial performance. This study is one of the pioneering attempts to explain the role of board gender diversity on ESG performance. Although incremental, however, this study also contributes to the literature on ESG in the US context.

scholarly journals Structuring Corporate Boards: Some Facts and Determinants from the Macedonian Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-82
Author(s):  
Bobek Suklev ◽  
◽  
Stojan Debarliev ◽  
Ljubomir Drakulevsk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms

Purpose: Knowing the factors that might affect board structure is an important step in understanding boards and their role in corporate governance. This research aims to examine the effect of firm characteristics closely related to corporate governance mechanisms, such as the model of corporate governance, shareholder capital concentration, and stock exchange listing on board structure variables (size, independence, and gender diversity). Methodology: The sample of this study stems from large Macedonian joint-stock companies. We run a hierarchical linear regression of board characteristics on common demographic firm characteristics as control variables and contextual firm characteristics related to corporate governance mechanisms as independent variables. Findings: Joint-stock companies in the Republic of North Macedonia have relatively small boards, which provide no positive effects that would originate from the larger number of board members. Moreover, the number of outside independent members is small, insufficient to influence the boards with greater objectivity, independence, and quality. Larger companies with a one-tier model have statistically significant larger corporate boards and a larger number of independent directors. Implications: The best corporate governance practices worldwide must be used as a basis for future improvements of corporate governance in joint-stock companies in developing economies.

Breaking Gender Barriers: Local actions towards gender equality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Ulvrova
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Host Institution ◽  
Career Support ◽  
Female Role ◽  
Gender Barriers ◽  
Gender Biases ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
High Level

<p>Geosciences together with larger STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) communities are highly burdened with striking imbalance between female and male researchers especially at high level positions. Indeed, for example in Earth and Planetary Sciences women represent only around 37% of the scientific community. Moreover, different expressions of gender biases tend to preserve these male dominated environments and thwart achieving gender balanced work places. In this contribution, I present three local actions that aim to improve gender diversity in science and promote gender equality. 1) Together with the 500 Women Scientists organisation and supported by the host university, I have been organising a series of Breaking Gender Barriers discussion evenings. These events include short presentations by female experts, and panel and roundtable discussions. We target female researchers in their early careers to increase their competitiveness, motivate them, show them female role models and provide them with networking opportunities. 2) I co-created a mentoring group at my host institution that helps in career building, provides a safe environment for sharing and offers networking opportunities. 3) Lack of female role models in science (evinced already at very early age in the education chain) impedes heavily the communities to evolve into gender parity systems. That is why I present female scientific role models depicted on high quality posters to large public. Combination of these actions are critical in motivating young girls to pursue a scientific career, support sustainable career development and contribute as a solution to losing female researchers at diverse career stages known as the leaky pipeline problem.   </p>

Women directors and IPO underpricing: evidence from Indian markets

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekha Handa ◽  
Balwinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Women Directors ◽  
Ipo Underpricing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gender Balance ◽  
Female Directors ◽  
Gender Diverse

Purpose – This paper aims to fill the gap of the relatively under-researched impact of women directors on initial public offering (IPO) underpricing in developing countries. Gender diversity is an important emerging issue within the corporate governance literature. Recently, there has been a growing thrust on gender-diverse boards. However, their proportion on corporate boards is low worldwide. The paper examines the influence of women directors on the underpricing phenomenon pervasive in the IPO context. Design/methodology/approach – Gender diversity is an important emerging issue within the corporate governance literature. Recently, there has been a growing thrust on gender diverse boards. However, their proportion on corporate boards is low worldwide. The impact of women directors on IPO underpricing in developing countries remains relatively under-researched. This paper aims to fill this gap in research. The paper examines the influence of women directors on the underpricing phenomenon pervasive in the IPO context. Findings – The results suggest that the subscription ratio, listing delay and block holder ownership positively influence raw returns and market-adjusted excess returns. The proportion of women directors showed negative non-significant impact on both type of returns. We did not find evidence of the other explanatory variables included in the model. Research limitations/implications – The relatively low proportion of female directors may be the reason for some of the non-significant findings. Future research with a good gender balance on boards is likely to help generalising the findings. Other confounding factors also need to be included in the model for deeper explanations of the phenomenon. Practical implications – The study highlights the existence of a “glass ceiling” in Indian corporate settings, where women have to make a tough fight. This barrier must be removed to unleash the real talent of women as directors and see this talent reflected in returns. Social implications – The paper highlights both the need to better manage the gender balance in corporate board rooms and the need to incorporate women’s talents in corporate and investment decisions. Originality/value – The paper highlights the significant gender gap in IPO directorial positions in developing countries such as India. It explores female directors’ contributions in initial pricing performance, which remain unaddressed in this part of the world. Insights into this sensitive issue in an emerging economy such as India can provide important inputs.

scholarly journals Corporate governance, ownership and sustainability

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 606-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela M. Salvioni ◽  
Francesca Gennari
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Fair Disclosure ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Goals

The main finding of this article is that sustainability and the broader concept of social responsibility imply a change in the spirit of governance, which promotes the so-called ’de facto convergence’ between the different corporate governance systems existing all over the world. Substantial corporate governance convergence suggests that different countries may have different companies’ ownership structure, rules and institutions but the corporate boards may still be able to perform common goals, with attention to similar key performance indicators, such as ensuring fair disclosure or accountability. Companies that perform better with regard to the triple bottom line can increase shareholder value contributing, at the same time, to the sustainable development of the societies in which they operate.

scholarly journals Global Economic Disruption in Indonesia in Covid – 19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Market Valuation ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

In the midst of uncertainty in the world today, one of the best alternatives can be used by companies to stay afloat and generate profits is by transmuting businesses and their workforce in keeping with changing information and technology developments business patterns. The downward trend in export and import values from 2015 has made business a big deal business development in Indonesia in 2018 is limited. Economic conditions in 2018 tends to be slowing down and volatile, accompanied by the uncertainty that originates of global finance.In conditions of economic disruption (until 2020), companies are required to continue innovating and creating diversified products. But in reality, there are many companies in Indonesia still don't know what action to take. From years 2016 to 2018, business competition is becoming increasingly fierce which requires leaders or corporate boards to convert company resources into values added which is beneficial for the stakeholders. This can be done as is Good Corporate Governance (GCG) which is a set of regulations organize, process, and supervise the relationship between company managers and stakeholders increase the value and market valuation of the company.

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