Measurement of Oil-Water Ratio and Formation Porosity Using Dielectric Spectroscopy in Borehole Environments

Author(s):  
Timofey Eltsov ◽  
Vitaly Dorovsky ◽  
Nikita Golikov ◽  
Leonty Tabarovsky ◽  
Michael Epov
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timofey Eltsov ◽  
Vitaly Dorovsky ◽  
Nikita Golikov ◽  
Leonty Tabarovsky ◽  
Michael Epov

Soft Matter ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (34) ◽  
pp. 8002-8012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah M. H. Weijgertze ◽  
Willem K. Kegel ◽  
Michele Zanini

The use of rough and heterogeneous colloids as Pickering stabilizers fundamentally alters the properties of particle stabilized emulsions. Systematic variations in the emulsification shear rate, oil/water ratio and particle type reveal the influence of particle heterogeneity on the formation and formulation of emulsions.


2011 ◽  
Vol 317-319 ◽  
pp. 1026-1030
Author(s):  
Pei Guo Hou ◽  
Xiang Zheng Xiao ◽  
Zhong Dong Wang

At the view of the present situation of the oil-water interface measurement, all sorts of measurement method can not eliminate the interference of temperature and hang oil. In order to control water ratio of purification oil at the output, simple interface detector cannot have satisfy the actual needs. A key contribution of this paper is to propose a solution based on a new type of sensor head and a test of new solution to the problem of capacitive sensing at high water ratio. A LC oscillation circuits is used to detect the variation of capacitance, overcoming the influence of the hang oil and the temperature.


Stable emulsions contained in oil sludge make it difficult to conduct. The physical properties of oil sludge usually vary widely and depend on the oil's own viscosity, temperature, oil-water ratio. Therefore, emulsions being dispersed systems under certain conditions have specific properties i.e. they are non-Newtonian liquids. Heavy oil and oil sludge are diluted with hydrocarbons, more often, gas condensate, which reduces the viscosity, density and other rheological parameters of high-sulfur oil.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanchi Liu ◽  
Guodong Wu ◽  
Erdong Yao ◽  
Wei Zuo ◽  
Longhao Zhao ◽  
...  

Abstract In tight heavy oil reservoirs, the formation of W/O emulsion will significantly increase the viscosity of the whole fluid-system. Meanwhile, the emulsion droplets tend to block the core pores, which will reduce the flow oil and water. In this paper, the terms of oil-water ratio, pH and other factors on heavy oil emulsification of tight sandstone in a block of Xinjiang were studied. Furthermore, in order to study the emulsification behavior in large and small pores, a large tube and a small tube are used to investigate how the hole apertures affect heavy oil emulsification. Finally, the demulsification time and dehydration rate were recorded, and the interfacial tension and viscosity were tested. The results show that heavy oil is easy to self-emulsify with water to form W/O emulsion, and it’s extremely stable. When the oil-water ratio is 3:7, the viscosity of the emulsions reaches 307 mPa·s, which is 38 times higher than that of crude oil. Acidic and alkaline conditions are benefit of demulsification and the stability of the emulsions is reduced. In small tube with higher interfacial tension, the demulsification time is shortened, and the stability of the emulsions is reduced.


2017 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Ming Shan Yang ◽  
Peng Wei Yin ◽  
Hong Liang Tong

The narrow particle size distribution of poly (vinyl silicone) microspheres were prepared by the hydrolysis-polycondensation method with vinyl silane (VTMS) as raw materials. And the influences of pH value, oil/water ratio on the morphology, particle size and distribution of the microspheres were studied. The results shows that the particle size of microspheres decrease with the increasing of the PH value of polymerization, and the particle size has no specific linear relationship with the PH value of hydrolysis reaction, while the oil-water ratio is smaller, single particle size distribution is more narrow, more uniform distribution.


2013 ◽  
Vol 821-822 ◽  
pp. 1353-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hua Wang ◽  
Gang Huang ◽  
Yong Tang Jia

Slow-released anti-mosquito microcapsules finishing agent was prepared using the resin of melamine-formaldehyde as wall and DEET as core by in-situ polymerization. The effects of emulsifier content and oil/water ratio on anti-mosquito finishing agent were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser particle size analyzer were employed to characterize the microcapsules. The optimum synthesis condition was: 3% emulsifier SMA and oil/water ratio at 4:17. Under the conditions, the mean particle size of the capsules was about 39μm.


PETRO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Widia Yanti ◽  
Abdul Hamid ◽  
Ibnu Badar Bajri

<p>The unidealized of physical and rheological mud can occured when drilling on rock layers with high salt concentrations. It is therefore necessary to add an additive to balance the effect of the salt. The aims of this study is to see the effect of salt addition on various temperature drilling mud.</p><p>This research will use two types of mud with different oil-water ratio. The drilling mud will be divided into four compositions, ie LA, LB, LC, and LD. LA and LC compositions have an oil-water ratio of 80% oil and 20% fresh water. While LB and LD compositions have oil-water ratio of 75% oil and 25% fresh water. Then the study was conducted at various temperatures, ie 80 °F, 130 °F, 180 °F, 230 °F, 280 °F, and 330 °F. After observing of the physical properties and rheology of drilling mud, it was found that the effect of adding salt NaCl can improve the physical and rheological properties of mud such as density, viscosity, gel strengh, mud cake, and solid content. Conversely, the effect of adding NaCl salt may reduce the nature of electrical stability. While the increasing of the temperature can reduce the physical and rheological properties of mud and on the contrary the loss of water and mud cake will increase.</p>


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Sigit Hadiantoro ◽  
Dwina Moentamaria ◽  
Muchamad Syarwani

Kinerja enzim immobilisasi dapat ditingkatkan dengan penambahan co immobilizer, hal ini dilakukan agar ikatan kovalen antara enzim dan matriks lebih kuat dan mempermudah reaksi dari gugus fungsional yang ada pada matriks sehingga tidak diperlukan penambahan bahan kimia sebagai pembawa. Pada penelitian ini digunakan matriks polyurethane foam (PUF) dengan penambahan co immobilizer yang terdiri dari gelatin, lesitin, MgCl2, dan polyethyleh glycol (PEG) 6000. Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk melihat efektivitas co immobilized-lipase pada reaksi hidrolisis-esterifikasi. PUF direndam dalam larutan co immobilizer dengan perbandingan 1:15; 1:20 dan 1:25 (b/b) selama satu jam setelah itu dipanaskan dalam oven selama satu jam pada suhu 30°C. Selanjutnya,  matriks PUF direndam dalam lipase selama 24 jam dan dikeringkan dalam oven pada suhu 30°C selama 24 jam sehingga terbentuk matriks lipase terko-immobilisasi pada PUF dengan yang digunakan untuk reaksi hidrolisis-esterifikasi sebagai biokatalis. Pada reaksi hidrolisis digunakan 10 gram minyak yang diemulsikan dalam air dengan variabel rasio minyak-air 1:0,6; 1:1; 1:3 dan 1:5 (b/b) dan waktu reaksi 5, 10, 15 dan 20 jam. Kadar FFA minyak kelapa awal sebesar 0,21%. Produk terbaik reaksi hidrolisis adalah asam lemak bebas dengan kenaikan kadar FFA menjadi 1,18% pada kondisi perbandingan minyak/air 1:5 (b/b). Reaksi esterfikasi dilakukan dengan cara mereaksikan asam lemak hasil terbaik hidrolisis dengan sitronelol dan co immobilized-lipase sebagai biokatalis. Reaksi ini dilakukan dengan variabel asam lemak: sitronelol 1:0,8 ; 1:1 dan 1:3 (b/b) serta waktu reaksi: 5, 10, 15 dan 20 jam. Produk yang dihasilkan adalah perisa alami sebagai ester. Analisis kadar sitronelol awal dan akhir reaksi esterifikasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan GC-FID. Hasil terbaik dari penelitian ini yaitu konversi sebesar 92,88% diperoleh pada ratio massa asam lemak/sitronelol 1:3.Immobilized enzyme performance can be enhanced by the addition of co-immobilizer, this is done so that the covalent bond between the enzyme and the matrix can become stronger and also to ease the reaction of the functional groups present in the matrix so that no addition of chemical as carrier is required. This study used Polyurethane Foam (PUF) as matrix with the addition of co-immobilizer which contain gelatin, lecithin, MgCl2, and PEG 6000. This study focused on looking at the effect of co-immobilized lipase on hydrolysis-esterification reactions. PUF is immersed in an co-immobilizer solution of 1:15; 1:20 and 1:25 ratio (w/w) for one hour and heated for another hour at 30°C. After that, PUF is immersed in the lipase for 24 hours, after which is heated at 30°C also for 24 hours. This research was conducted in 2 stages of reaction, which is hydrolysis then continued by esterification. In the hydrolysis reaction, we used variables such as oil-water ratio for 1:0.6; 1:1; 1:3 and 1:5 (w/w); the reaction time 5, 10, 15 and 20 hours; and also PUF:co-immobilized ratio in 1:15; 1:20 and 1:25 (w/w). The best fatty acid obtained from hydrolysis results in oil-water ratio of 1:5 (w/w), with FFA 1.18%.  Next is esterification reaction which is done by reacting  fatty acid from hydrolyzed coconut oil with citronellol, with the addition of immobilized lipase (as a biocatalyst). This reaction was carried out with variables like mass ratio of fatty acids-citronellol 1:0.8; 1:1 and 1:3 and reaction time: 5, 10, 15 and 20 hours. The resulting product is the flavor enhancer as ester. The analysis of the percentage of initial and final citronellol on the end of esterification reaction were performed using GC-FID. The best results of this study, conversion percentage respectively 92.88% obtained at mass ratio of fatty acid-citronellol 1:3.


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