Best Practices Implementation during 7? Liner Milling Operation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Iftikhar Choudhry ◽  
Islam Khaled AbdelKarim ◽  
Freddy Alfonso Mendez ◽  
Mohamed Ahmed Osman ◽  
Karim Hassan Youssef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Milling Operations ◽  
Operational Optimization ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Successful Execution ◽  
Finger Printing ◽  
Operational Time

ABSTRACT The paper explores the 7" liner milling operations in re - entry well bores, operations that have become fairly common especially at the interface of corrosive effluents or after an extended life time. This however being a time and efficiency driven choice highlights the need for optimization from both the performance as well as the operational time perspective. The flat time endemic to the milling operation execution however, can be reduced and the operations can be optimized with effective mills, fine tuned rheological parameters of the milling fluid, the BHA stabilization and the finger printing of the milling parameters put in place to execute the entire operation. This paper looks into the various facets of optimization that can expand the avenue of flat time reduction and milling operations execution. Considering the various wells in the database considererd vis – a – vis the milling operations, a baseline ROP of 2 – 6 FPH for liner milling can be established. The baseline reference for this operation averages out an approximate of a couple of weeks from the well duration and has inherent complications both of which can be circumvented with optimization. Albeit the best proponent for mill selection is the existing liner configuration downhole, however this is one luxury that is not available in most cases. More often than not, the maiden mill run is done in a well with the least amount of data available regarding the existing well casing state. Therefore, adequate mill selection and mill cutting structure preparation hold significane for the successful execution, after all each milling run dictates the progress of the successive one. The paper also looks into the proponents of operational optimization and the denominators that drive the successful execution of the job.

scholarly journals Surface Integrity Investigation to Determine Rough Milling Effects for Assessment of Machining Allowance for Subsequent Finish Milling of Alloy 718

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Jonas Holmberg ◽  
Anders Wretland ◽  
Johan Berglund ◽  
Tomas Beno ◽  
Anton Milesic Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Milling Operations ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Machining Allowance ◽  
Rough Milling

The planned material volume to be removed from a blank to create the final shape of a part is commonly referred to as allowance. Determination of machining allowance is essential and has a great impact on productivity. The objective of the present work is to use a case study to investigate how a prior rough milling operation affects the finish machined surface and, after that, to use this knowledge to design a methodology for how to assess the machining allowance for subsequent milling operations based on residual stresses. Subsequent milling operations were performed to study the final surface integrity across a milled slot. This was done by rough ceramic milling followed by finish milling in seven subsequent steps. The results show that the up-, centre and down-milling induce different stresses and impact depths. Employing the developed methodology, the depth where the directional influence of the milling process diminishes has been shown to be a suitable minimum limit for the allowance. At this depth, the plastic flow causing severe deformation is not present anymore. It was shown that the centre of the milled slot has the deepest impact depth of 500 µm, up-milling caused an intermediate impact depth of 400 µm followed by down milling with an impact depth of 300 µm. With merged envelope profiles, it was shown that the effects from rough ceramic milling are gone after 3 finish milling passes, with a total depth of cut of 150 µm.

Extension of Future Time Perspective in Motivational Goals of Different Age Groups

1980 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willy Lens ◽  
Antoine Gailly
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Future Extension ◽  
The Mean

Age related differences in extension of future time perspective in motivational goals are studied at three socio-economic levels in a representative sample of the French speaking adult population in Belgium. The hypothesis of an inverted U-shaped relationship between age and extension of future time perspective is tested statistically. It cannot be maintained when using two indices of future extension that are borrowed from earlier studies in this field: (a) the proportion of number of references to the near future to the number of references to the distant future, and (b) the mean future extension score in number of years. The proportion of the mean future extension score to the statistically calculated expected life time is proposed as a new and better index of future extension for comparing different age groups. With this new index the hypothesis is confirmed at the three socioeconomic levels. The limits of the cross-sectional method that is used and the relative value of the new index of extension of future time perspective are discussed.

A Discrete Data Base Multiple Objective Optimization of Milling Operation Through Geometric Programming

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Objective Function ◽  
Production Planning ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Geometric Programming ◽  
Multiple Objective ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Multiple Objective Optimization ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Milling Operations ◽  
Milling Operation

The optimum process planning of the milling operation has been attempted through multiple objectives. A multiple objective function based on cost of production and rate of production in milling operations has been developed. The unified objective function thus developed serves as true arbiter balancing the values and objectives of local or individual objective functions. Most of the machine settings are discrete in nature and this has been considered in computerized production planning of milling. The complete approach has been demonstrated through an example.

A Study of the Impact of Workpiece Location on Machining Performance of a 2-DoF PKM Based Machine Tool

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Koteswara Rao ◽  
Sanjay Darvekar ◽  
K. Ramji
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Milling Operations ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Tool Position ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the impact of workpiece location on the machining performance of a 2-degree of freedom Parallel Kinematic Machine (PKM) tool. The PKM behavior is highly non-uniform and depends on the tool position within the workspace. The structural deformation and vibration due to cutting loads affect the quality of machined surfaces. The aim of the present study is to find the optimal tool position (workpiece location) where the workpiece is machined to a specific quality level. End-milling operations are carried out at various locations within the workspace and the surface roughness of machined surface (Ra) is measured at each location. A regression model is developed to predict the surface roughness. The study shows that the workpiece location has significant impact upon surface roughness of the machined part. Finally, a suitable workspace is defined for end-milling operation.

Pushing the Boundaries of Plug Milling in Deformed Liners – Best Practices and Lessons Learned

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Hamid ◽  
Vikram Unnikrishnan ◽  
Abdulrahman Aljughayman
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Metal Loss ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Milling Operations ◽  
Outer Periphery ◽  
Calculated Risk ◽  
Pass Through

Abstract This paper presents a systematic workflow/methodology developed to evaluate the milling operations using coiled tubing to remove frac plugs in a well with deformed liner, post hydraulic fracturing. This paper also presents the challenges encountered during intervention and steps on how they were mitigated. The well was completed by hydraulic fracturing of five stages, each separated by a frac plug. Post stimulation, coiled tubing was mobilized to mill the plugs and provide a full bore to begin production. After spending substantial time while attempting to mill in the initial run, decision was made to POOH and inspect the BHA. It was observed that the mill had significant metal loss on the outer periphery with no damage to the mill face, which thereby concluded the presence of liner damage. A strategy was developed on how to remediate this challenge. Multiple coiled tubing diagnostic runs were performed with real-time coiled tubing capabilities, which included cleanout, camera and caliper runs. Results of each coiled tubing run performed was carefully evaluated to estimate the extent of liner damage. The caliper and video camera runs were important to determine the new reduced ID of the liner. An initial milling attempt with a 3.33" OD mill was performed, which was the smallest size based on the plug manufacturers recommendation. However due to the specific nature of liner damage it could not pass through the restriction. After further discussions, a calculated risk was taken to run with a 3.125" OD mill, which was significantly smaller than the manufacturer's recommendation, and posed an inherent threat of milling through the core of the plug, while leaving the slips intact. This however did not happen, and all four plugs were successfully milled out from the liner, allowing full bore access and well to be flowed back. This paper will act as a guideline on how to design and execute an intervention operation in deformed liners.

Correlating Laboratory Conditioning with Field Aging for Asphalt using Rheological Parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runhua Zhang ◽  
Jo E. Sias ◽  
Eshan V. Dave
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Performance Grade ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Binder Aging ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Aging has a significant effect on performance of asphalt materials. Reliable characterization of asphalt binder properties with aging is crucial to improving asphalt binder specifications as well as modification and formulation methods. The objective of this study is to correlate the laboratory conditioning methods with field aging using evolution of binder rheological parameters with time and pavement depth. Loose mixtures are aged in the lab (5 and 12 days aging at 95°C, and 24 h at 135°C) and recovered binder rheological properties are compared with those from different layers of field cores. The virgin binder results with 20 h pressure aging vessel (PAV) aging are also included. Binder testing is conducted using a dynamic shear rheometer with a 4 mm plate over a wide range of frequencies and temperatures. Rheological parameters calculated from the master curves, performance grade system, and binder Christensen–Anderson–Marasteanu model are used to evaluate changes with aging. The field aging gradient is evaluated, and the laboratory conditioning durations corresponding with the field aging durations at different pavement depths are calculated. The results show that 5 days of aging can simulate around 8 years of field aging (in New Hampshire) for the top 12.5 mm pavement, and 12 days’ aging can simulate approximately 20 years; 20 h PAV binder aging is not adequate to capture the long-term performance of the pavement. This study provides a way to optimize the laboratory conditioning durations and evaluate the performance of asphalt material with respect to pavement life (time) and depth (location) within the pavement structure.

Repeatability Analysis on the Tool Point Dynamics for Investigation on Uncertainty in Milling Stability

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang-Jae Lee ◽  
M. Alkan Donmez
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Spindle System ◽  
Milling Stability ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Tool Holder ◽  
Milling Performance ◽  
Milling Operations ◽  
Milling Operation

Stability analysis is needed to maximize milling performance while avoiding chatter. However, such an analysis is time-consuming, requiring the use of sophisticated instrumentation, and has significant level of uncertainty, which impedes the widespread use by industry. A main source of uncertainty is believed to be the changes in dynamics of the tool-holder-spindle system during the milling operation. This study investigates the variation in the tool point dynamics reflecting the dynamics of the tool-holder-spindle system and associated machining stability. The investigation focuses on the effects of the conditions generated by typical milling operations, such as tool changes and spindle warm up. The results of analyses demonstrate the necessity of continuous updates of the tool point dynamics during milling process by in-situ measurements to minimize uncertainty in evaluation of machining stability.

Automatic In-Process Chatter Avoidance in the High-Speed Milling Process

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. M. van Dijk ◽  
E. J. J. Doppenberg ◽  
R. P. H. Faassen ◽  
N. van de Wouw ◽  
J. A. J. Oosterling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
High Speed Milling ◽  
Milling Operations ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Automatic Adaptation ◽  
And Control

High-speed milling is often used in industry to maximize productivity of the manufacturing of high-technology components, such as aeronautical components, mold, and dies. The occurrence of chatter highly limits the efficiency and accuracy of high-speed milling operations. In this paper, two control strategies are presented that guarantee a chatter-free high-speed milling operation by automatic adaptation of spindle speed and feed. Moreover, the proposed strategies are robust for changing process conditions (e.g., due to heating of the spindle or tool wear). An important part of the control strategy is the detection of chatter. A novel chatter detection algorithm is presented that automatically detects chatter in an online fashion and in a premature phase such that no visible marks on the workpiece are present. Experiments on a state-of-the-art high-speed milling machine underline the effectiveness of the proposed detection and control strategies.

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