High Performance Computing on the Cloud Successfully Deployed for 3D Geosteering and Reservoir Mapping While Drilling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Salim ◽  
Michael Thiel ◽  
Beate Nesttun Øyen ◽  
Kong Bakti Tan ◽  
Jean-Michel Denichou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Strategic Change ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Fluid Distribution ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Geological Interpretation ◽  
Deep Depth

Abstract The successful drilling of horizontal wells targeting reservoir zones of interest can be challenged by uncertainties in geological interpretation, identification of structure, and properties of reservoirs and fluid distribution. Optimizing the well placement of high-angle wells in order to intercept the sweet spots is crucial for the total hydrocarbon recovery in any development field. Thus, the geosteering domain was implemented to provide in real time a reservoir mapping characterization together with directional control to achieve the key performance objectives. In the past, many innovative technologies have been introduced in geosteering discipline, among them lately the deep EM directional resistivity tool that provides 1D formation resistivity mapping while drilling. However, despite the fact of delivering a multilayer mapping of the reservoir structure up to tens of meters away from wellbore, the real-time interpretation can be limited by this type of inversion. Since it is a 1D approach, these inversions map resistive boundaries on the vertical axis and assume infinite extend in all other directions. Consequently, in a complex geological setting, 1D approximation may fall short of properly describing the reservoir structure. This communication describes how the introduction of the 2D azimuthal resistivity inversions while drilling was conducted and details the various innovations required in the domains of downhole logging while drilling (LWD) measurements transmission in addition to adaptation of inversion methodology for real-time deployment, mainly through the use of high-performance cloud computing. The final enablement was the execution of automated workflows to process and deliver these advanced inversions into an integrated 3D geomodelling software within the turnaround time of drilling operations. This novel technology provides, while drilling, a better understanding of the 3D geological environment and fluid distribution with a deep depth of investigation, as well as the required information to make support for geosteering decisions for optimal well positioning. Initial field deployments were successfully conducted in horizontal wells, and three examples are presented here. Those real cases, executed with wire-drilled-pipe or mud-pulse telemetries, demonstrated the benefits of integrating 2D azimuthal inversions into the current geosteering workflow to provide a complete 3D structural understanding of the reservoir while drilling. This communication documents in detail how such an approach led to operational efficiency improvements in the form of 3D reservoir mapping in real-time, supporting a strategic change in the original well to turn toward the sweet spot, which was located sideways from the planned trajectory.

TOWARD THREE-DIMENSIONAL RESERVOIR MAPPING – A NEW APPROACH FOR MAPPING RESERVOIRS WITH ADVANCED ULTRA-DEEP AZIMUTHAL RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Wang ◽  
◽  
Michael Thiel ◽  
Jean-Michel Denichou ◽  
Diogo Salim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Algorithm Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Inversion Algorithm ◽  
Computing Paradigm

Recently the drilling industry has seen many advances in the application of deep directional electromagnetic (EM) measurements for mapping deeper into the reservoir, with the latest one capable of seeing over 250 ft above and below the wellbore providing unprecedented understanding of the reservoir. This measurement technology is now being used to look ahead of bit while drilling, for exploration wells to reduce drilling risks associated with unexpectedly penetrating certain formation. With the increasing complexity of the reservoirs that the industry is targeting, there is more and more quest for expanding the reservoir mapping capability, not just a 1D approach that can only map resistive boundaries on the vertical axis or near vertical axis and assume infinite extend in all other directions, but to enable geoscientists to better steer the well and better understand the reservoir structure and fluid contact in a full three-dimensional context around the wellbore. In this communication, the authors introduce a new solution to this quest for full three-dimensional real-time reservoir mapping. The solution is composed of three parts: a set of new measurements acquired downhole and transmitted to surface in real-time, a new inversion algorithm that is model independent and therefore fit for any reservoir complexity, and a new computing paradigm that make it possible to provide answers in real-time while drilling. The new set of measurements almost doubles the number of well logs that were acquired before and greatly enriches formations evaluation around the wellbore. The new algorithm, different from all previous algorithms, is not confined to any specific forms of models, making it suitable for exploring and finding solutions in complex reservoir settings. Finally, taking advantage of the latest advances in the Cloud computing, turnaround time of the new inversion is improved by over hundred times, thanks to the scalability of the algorithm design and Cloud computing infrastructure. Combining all these together allows to achieve three-dimensional reservoir map, without having to tradeoff between high resolution and depth of investigation. The 3D reservoir map that is generated from multiple transverse 2D inversion slices in real-time, enables timely update of reservoir model as drilling progress for the operator to make informed decisions. This new technology is currently deployed in several locations around the world and in different environments. In this paper, the authors review deployment results, to illustrate the technology, from preparation to real-time execution, and finally to post-job model update. With the ability of mapping in all directions while drilling, this technology opens the door to many applications and will enable the operators to target more complex reservoirs and achieving better geosteering results where 3D mapping and steering are required. In addition to its benefits for real-time operations, the technology also enables the geoscientists to update and calibrate their reservoir models with fine and accurate details, which can further benefit multiple disciplines including drilling, completion, production and reservoir management.

Parallel Computing for Tire Simulations

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Surendranath ◽  
M. Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Parallel Solvers ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Highly Nonlinear

Abstract Over the last few decades, finite element analysis has become an integral part of the overall tire design process. Engineers need to perform a number of different simulations to evaluate new designs and study the effect of proposed design changes. However, tires pose formidable simulation challenges due to the presence of highly nonlinear rubber compounds, embedded reinforcements, complex tread geometries, rolling contact, and large deformations. Accurate simulation requires careful consideration of these factors, resulting in the extensive turnaround time, often times prolonging the design cycle. Therefore, it is extremely critical to explore means to reduce the turnaround time while producing reliable results. Compute clusters have recently become a cost effective means to perform high performance computing (HPC). Distributed memory parallel solvers designed to take advantage of compute clusters have become increasingly popular. In this paper, we examine the use of HPC for various tire simulations and demonstrate how it can significantly reduce simulation turnaround time. Abaqus/Standard is used for routine tire simulations like footprint and steady state rolling. Abaqus/Explicit is used for transient rolling and hydroplaning simulations. The run times and scaling data corresponding to models of various sizes and complexity are presented.

Real-Time High Jump Wearable Device with ESP8266 for High-Performance and Low-Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faris Roslan ◽  
◽  
Afandi Ahmad ◽  
Abbes Amira ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Wearable Device

Personalized antibiotic therapy – a rapid high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitation of eight antibiotics and voriconazole for patients in the intensive care unit

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Böhle ◽  
Ulrike Georgi ◽  
Dewi Fôn Hughes ◽  
Oliver Hauser ◽  
Gudrun Stamminger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Adjustment Procedure

AbstractObjectivesFor a long time, the therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-infectives (ATDM) was recommended only to avoid the toxic side effects of overdosing. During the last decade, however, this attitude has undergone a significant change. Insufficient antibiotic therapy may promote the occurrence of drug resistance; therefore, the “one-dose-fits-all” principle can no longer be classified as up to date. Patients in intensive care units (ICU), in particular, can benefit from individualized antibiotic therapies.MethodsPresented here is a rapid and sufficient LC-MS/MS based assay for the analysis of eight antibiotics (ampicillin, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, linezolid, meropenem, and piperacillin) applicated by continuous infusion and voriconazole. In addition a dose adjustment procedure for individualized antibiotic therapy has been established.ResultsThe suggested dose adjustments following the initial dosing of 121 patient samples from ICUs, were evaluated over a period of three months. Only a minor percentage of the serum levels were found to be within the target range while overdosing was often observed for β-lactam antibiotics, and linezolid tended to be often underused. The results demonstrate an appreciable potential for β-lactam savings while enabling optimal therapy.ConclusionsThe presented monitoring method provides high specificity and is very robust against various interferences. A fast and straightforward method, the developed routine ensures rapid turnaround time. Its application has been well received by participating ICUs and has led to an expanding number of hospital wards participating in ATDM.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Colonoscopy for Detection of Colon Polyps: a Prospective, Randomized Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchen Luo ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Yihong Lai ◽  
Panpan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Colon Polyps ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Polyp Detection ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Polyp Detection Rate

Abstract Background and aims Improving the rate of polyp detection is an important measure to prevent colorectal cancer (CRC). Real-time automatic polyp detection systems, through deep learning methods, can learn and perform specific endoscopic tasks previously performed by endoscopists. The purpose of this study was to explore whether a high-performance, real-time automatic polyp detection system could improve the polyp detection rate (PDR) in the actual clinical environment. Methods The selected patients underwent same-day, back-to-back colonoscopies in a random order, with either traditional colonoscopy or artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted colonoscopy performed first by different experienced endoscopists (> 3000 colonoscopies). The primary outcome was the PDR. It was registered with clinicaltrials.gov. (NCT047126265). Results In this study, we randomized 150 patients. The AI system significantly increased the PDR (34.0% vs 38.7%, p < 0.001). In addition, AI-assisted colonoscopy increased the detection of polyps smaller than 6 mm (69 vs 91, p < 0.001), but no difference was found with regard to larger lesions. Conclusions A real-time automatic polyp detection system can increase the PDR, primarily for diminutive polyps. However, a larger sample size is still needed in the follow-up study to further verify this conclusion. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT047126265

Progress Towards Arrays of Microcalorimeter X-Ray Detectors

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1050-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.W. Nam ◽  
D.A. Wollman ◽  
Dale E. Newbury ◽  
G.C. Hilton ◽  
K.D. Irwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Count Rate ◽  
Small Area ◽  
High Performance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pixel Array ◽  
Primary Advantage ◽  
Low X ◽  
Single Pixel

The high performance of single-pixel microcalorimeter EDS (μ,cal EDS) has been shown to be very useful for a variety of microanalysis cases. The primary advantage of jxcal EDS over conventional EDS is the factor of 25 improvement in energy resolution (∽3 eV in real-time). This level of energy resolution is particularly important for applications such as nanoscale contaminant analysis where it is necessary to resolve peak overlaps at low x-ray energies. Because μcal EDS offers practical solutions to many microanalysis problems, several companies are proceeding with commercialization of single-pixel μal EDS technology. Two drawbacks limiting the application of uxal EDS are its low count rate (∽500 s−1) and small area (∽0.04 mm for a bare single pixel, ∽5 mm2 with a polycapillary optic). We are developing a 32x32 pixel array with a total area of 40 mm2 and with a total count rate between 105 s−1 and 106 s−1.

scholarly journals Stochastic-Depth Ambient Occlusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jop Vermeer ◽  
Leonardo Scandolo ◽  
Elmar Eisemann
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Missing Information ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Ambient Occlusion ◽  
Depth Buffer ◽  
Screen Space

Ambient occlusion (AO) is a popular rendering technique that enhances depth perception and realism by darkening locations that are less exposed to ambient light (e.g., corners and creases). In real-time applications, screen-space variants, relying on the depth buffer, are used due to their high performance and good visual quality. However, these only take visible surfaces into account, resulting in inconsistencies, especially during motion. Stochastic-Depth Ambient Occlusion is a novel AO algorithm that accounts for occluded geometry by relying on a stochastic depth map, capturing multiple scene layers per pixel at random. Hereby, we efficiently gather missing information in order to improve upon the accuracy and spatial stability of conventional screen-space approximations, while maintaining real-time performance. Our approach integrates well into existing rendering pipelines and improves the robustness of many different AO techniques, including multi-view solutions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of mobile real-time polymerase chain reaction tests for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwunonso Onyilagha ◽  
Henna Mistry ◽  
Peter Marszal ◽  
Mathieu Pinette ◽  
Darwyn Kobasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Transmissible Gastroenteritis

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), calls for prompt and accurate diagnosis and rapid turnaround time for test results to limit transmission. Here, we evaluated two independent molecular assays, the Biomeme SARS-CoV-2 test, and the Precision Biomonitoring TripleLock SARS-CoV-2 test on a field-deployable point-of-care real-time PCR instrument, Franklin three9, in combination with Biomeme M1 Sample Prep Cartridge Kit for RNA 2.0 (M1) manual extraction system for rapid, specific, and sensitive detection of SARS-COV-2 in cell culture, human, and animal clinical samples. The Biomeme SARS-CoV-2 assay, which simultaneously detects two viral targets, the orf1ab and S genes, and the Precision Biomonitoring TripleLock SARS-CoV-2 assay that targets the 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR) and the envelope (E) gene of SARS-CoV-2 were highly sensitive and detected as low as 15 SARS-CoV-2 genome copies per reaction. In addition, the two assays were specific and showed no cross-reactivity with Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus, and other common human respiratory viruses and bacterial pathogens. Also, both assays were highly reproducible across different operators and instruments. When used to test animal samples, both assays equally detected SARS-CoV-2 genetic materials in the swabs from SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters. The M1 lysis buffer completely inactivated SARS-CoV-2 within 10 min at room temperature enabling safe handling of clinical samples. Collectively, these results show that the Biomeme and Precision Biomonitoring TripleLock SARS-CoV-2 mobile testing platforms could reliably and promptly detect SARS-CoV-2 in both human and animal clinical samples in approximately an hour and can be used in remote areas or health care settings not traditionally serviced by a microbiology laboratory.

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