The Influence of Family Structure Differences on Physical Activity of Children and Adolescents in China —— Taking Social Capital and Health Behavior as Mediating Factors

Abstract Background: This paper is based on the relationship between family structure and family health. Methods: This paper applies the method of empirical research to explore the impact of social capital investment and health behavior acquisition on the degree of completion of recommended amount of physical activity for children and adolescents under different family structures. Results: This paper finds that the 30-minute MVPA and 60-minute MVPA of children and adolescents in joint families and stem families are larger than those in other families, and the overall 60-minute MVPA participation is obviously insufficient. As for the influence of family structure and social capital on the recommended amount of physical activity for children and adolescents, compared with other families, greater expenditure on sports is related with better family-friend interaction, stronger sense of school belongingness, better campus friendship, better social trust, greater likelihood that the recommended physical activity is completed, and more social support for the physical activity of children and adolescents. Conclusions: Social capital and health behavior served as a way to improve the achievement rate of recommended physical activity for children and adolescents. But the effect of health behavior is not prominent.

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Effects of social network incentives and financial incentives on physical activity and social capital among older women: a randomized controlled trial

10.21203/rs.2.21154/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ryo Yamashita ◽

Shinji Sato ◽

Ryoichi Akase ◽

Tatsuo Doi ◽

Shigeki Tsuzuku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Social Capital ◽

Social Network ◽

Older Women ◽

Financial Incentives ◽

Social Trust ◽

Financial Incentive ◽

Peer Pressure ◽

Incentive Group ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Financial incentives have been used to increase physical activity. However, the benefit of financial incentives is lost when an intervention ends. Thus, for this study, we combined socail network incentives that leverage the power of peer pressure with finacial incentives. Few reports have examined the impact of physical activity on social capital. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to ascertain whether a combination of two incentives could lead to more significant changes in physical activity and socail capital during and after an intervention. Methods The participants were 39 older women over 65 years of age in Kumamoto, Japan. The participants were randomly divided into a financial incentive group (FI group) and a social network incentive plus financial incentive group (SNI+FI group). Both groups underwent a three-month intervention. Measurements of physical activity and social capital were performed before and after the intervention. Additionally, the effects of the incentives on physical activity and social capital maintenance were measured six months postintervention. The financial incentive group received a payment ranging from US$4.40 to US$6.20 per month, depending on the number of steps taken during the intervention. For the other group, we provided a social network incentive in addition to the financial incentive. The SNI+FI group walked in groups of three people to use the power of peer pressure. Results A two-way ANOVA revealed that in terms of physical activity, there was a statistically significant interaction between group and time (p=0.017). The FI group showed no statistically significant improvement in physical activity during the observation period. In terms of social capital, the change in trust approached significance (p=0.08). Conclusion Our results suggest that social network incentives, in combination with financial incentives, are more effective for promoting physical activity and social trust than financial incentives alone among older women and that these effects can continue after an intervention.

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Model Pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa

PHILANTHROPY Journal of Psychology ◽

10.26623/philanthropy.v3i2.1622 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 110

Author(s):

Suwarno Suwarno

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Academic Success ◽

Service Learning ◽

Learning Outcomes ◽

School Effectiveness ◽

Social Trust ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Learning Model ◽

Committee Report ◽

The Impact

Abstract. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model to improve student learning outcomes. This research is important because the lecture learning model makes learning meaningless so it impacts on low learning outcomes. This research uses quasi experiment using control class and experimental class. Respondents in this study were students of class X SMK 8 Semarang Academic Year 2017/2018. Sample selection using random sampling, class X1 is used as a control class and X2 is an experimental class. The experimental class was given an intervention by learning Teams Games Tournaments (TGT), while the control class used lecture learning. The effectiveness of the model was measured by the student test analysis method. then analyzed by completeness test and average difference test. The findings of this study are the learning outcomes of experimental class students achieving better learning outcomes than classes using the lecture method.Keywords: Learning Model, Teams Games Tournaments (TGT). Students Daftar Pustaka Bofota, Y. B., & Bofota, Y. B. (2017). The impact of social capital on children educational outcomes : the case of Tanzania The impact of social capital on children educational outcomes : The case of Tanzania.Cahuc, P., Shleifer, A., & Algan, Y. (2014). Teaching Practices and Social Capital. (6052).Catts, R., & Ozga, J. (2015). What is Social Capital and how might it be used in Scotland ’ s Schools ? (36).Flint, N. (2017). Full report Schools , communities and social capital : building blocks in the ’ Big Society ’ Contents.Goddard, R. D. (2016). Relational Networks , Social Trust , and Norms : A Social Capital Perspective on Students ’ Chances of Academic Success. 25(1), 59–74.Eddy Prasongko, 2017. Team Game Tournament. Bandung. Jawa BaratEndang Poerwanti, dkk. 2008. Asesmen Pembelajaran SD. Jakarta: Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi Departemen Pendidikan NasionalHargreaves, A. (2015). School Social Capital and School Effectiveness. 37, 119–136.Kurnia, Inggridwati. dkk. 2018. Perkembangan belajar peserta didik. Jakarta: Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi Departemen Pendidikan NasionalPurwanto. M Ngalim. 2015. Psikologi Pendidikan. Bandung: PT Remaja RosdakaryaSiddiq, M. Djauhar. 2018. Pengembangan Bahan Pembelajaran SD. Jakarta: Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi Departemen Pendidikan Nasional.Sugiyono, 2005. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan Rn D, Bandung AftabetaLash, D., & Belfiore, G. (2017). 5 Essentials in Building Social Capital Report 4 of the MyWays Student Success Series. (October).Mikiewicz, P., Jonasson, J. T., Gudmundsson, G., Blondal, K. S., & Korczewska, D. M. (2011). Comparative research between Poland and Iceland.Schlesselman, L., Borrego, M., Bloom, T. J., Mehta, B., Drobitch, R. K., & Smith, T. (2015). An Assessment Of Service-Learning In 34 US Schools Of Pharmacy Follow Up On The 2001 Professional Affairs Committee Report. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 79(8). https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe798116

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Analyzing the Impact of Healthy Behavior on Weight Change with a Provable Mathematical Model (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.25201 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ayan Chatterjee ◽

Ram Bajpai ◽

Pankaj Khatiwada

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Mathematical Model ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Weight Change ◽

Simulated Data ◽

Negative Behavior ◽

Healthy Behavior ◽

Healthy Habits ◽

Lifestyle Diseases ◽

The Impact

BACKGROUND Lifestyle diseases are the primary cause of death worldwide. The gradual growth of negative behavior in humans due to physical inactivity, unhealthy habit, and improper nutrition expedites lifestyle diseases. In this study, we develop a mathematical model to analyze the impact of regular physical activity, healthy habits, and a proper diet on weight change, targeting obesity as a case study. Followed by, we design an algorithm for the verification of the proposed mathematical model with simulated data of artificial participants. OBJECTIVE This study intends to analyze the effect of healthy behavior (physical activity, healthy habits, and proper dietary pattern) on weight change with a proposed mathematical model and its verification with an algorithm where personalized habits are designed to change dynamically based on the rule. METHODS We developed a weight-change mathematical model as a function of activity, habit, and nutrition with the first law of thermodynamics, basal metabolic rate (BMR), total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), and body-mass-index (BMI) to establish a relationship between health behavior and weight change. Followed by, we verified the model with simulated data. RESULTS The proposed provable mathematical model showed a strong relationship between health behavior and weight change. We verified the mathematical model with the proposed algorithm using simulated data following the necessary constraints. The adoption of BMR and TDEE calculation following Harris-Benedict’s equation has increased the model's accuracy under defined settings. CONCLUSIONS This study helped us understand the impact of healthy behavior on obesity and overweight with numeric implications and the importance of adopting a healthy lifestyle abstaining from negative behavior change.

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Reply to Kersting et al. Comment on “Wunsch et al. The Impact of COVID-19 on the Interrelation of Physical Activity, Screen Time and Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents in Germany: Results of the Motorik-Modul Study. Children 2021, 8, 98”

Children ◽

10.3390/children8070533 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 533

Author(s):

Kathrin Wunsch ◽

Carina Nigg ◽

Claudia Niessner ◽

Steffen C. E. Schmidt ◽

Doris Oriwol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Screen Time ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related ◽

The Impact

In reply to the comment of Kersting et al [...]

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The Perceived Impact of Social Networking Sites and Apps on the Social Capital of Saudi Postgraduate Students: A Case Study

Future Internet ◽

10.3390/fi13010020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 20

Author(s):

Abdulelah A. Alghamdi ◽

Margaret Plunkett

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Social Networking ◽

Social Networking Sites ◽

Civic Participation ◽

Social Trust ◽

Political Engagement ◽

Postgraduate Students ◽

The Social ◽

The Impact

With the increased use of Social Networking Sites and Apps (SNSAs) in Saudi Arabia, it is important to consider the impact of this on the social lives of tertiary students, who are heavy users of such technology. A mixed methods study exploring the effect of SNSAs use on the social capital of Saudi postgraduate students was conducted using a multidimensional construct of social capital, which included the components of life satisfaction, social trust, civic participation, and political engagement. Data were collected through surveys and interviews involving 313 male and 293 female postgraduate students from Umm Al-Qura University (UQU) in Makkah. Findings show that male and female participants perceived SNSAs use impacting all components of social capital at a moderate and mainly positive level. Correlational analysis demonstrated medium to large positive correlations among components of social capital. Gender differences were not evident in the life satisfaction and social trust components; however, females reported more involvement with SNSAs for the purposes of political engagement while males reported more use for civic participation, which is an interesting finding, in light of the norms and traditional culture of Saudi society.

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Trust in the Workplace: The Role of Social Interaction Diversity in the Community and in the Workplace

Business & Society ◽

10.1177/0007650315611724 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 378-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Victor Cui ◽

Ilan Vertinsky ◽

Sandra Robinson ◽

Oana Branzei

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Social Interaction ◽

Social Interactions ◽

Social Trust ◽

Two Cultures ◽

The Two Cultures ◽

Collectivistic Cultures ◽

Capital Development ◽

The Impact

Extending the literature on social capital development in the community, this article examines the impact of diverse social interactions (in the community and the workplace) on the development of social trust in the workplace, and investigates whether their effects differ in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Using survey data collected in Canada and China, the authors find that the diversity of one’s social interactions in the community is positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, and this relationship is not significantly different between the two cultures. Diversity of one’s social interactions in the workplace is also positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, though only in collectivistic cultures.

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What Predicts Stable Mental Health in the 18–29 Age Group Compared to Older Age Groups? Results from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort 2002–2014

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15122859 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 2859 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Regina Winzer ◽

Kimmo Sorjonen ◽

Lene Lindberg

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Social Capital ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Emotional Support ◽

Male Gender ◽

Financial Strain ◽

Age Group

Mental health has decreased in young people since the 1990s, and mental health promotion is an urgent matter. A first step is to identify which social determinants could be of importance for intervention. We used the Stockholm Public Health Cohort, a longitudinal population-based health survey, completed by 31,000 inhabitants in the Stockholm County. We focused on the 18–29 age group, n = 3373 (60% females, 40% males) and aimed at assessing which social determinants predict stable mental health, measured as scoring <3 points on the General Health Questionnaire 12 at all time points: 2002, 2007, 2010, and 2014. Forty-six percent of males and 36% of females reported stable mental health. Among the 17 predictors on sociodemographics, socioeconomics, social capital, health behavior, and victimization, six predicted stable mental health in the following order: occupation and especially employment, emotional support, male gender, being born in Sweden, absence of financial strain, and consumption of fruit and berries. In the 30–84 age group, 66% males and 55% females reported stable mental health. Nine determinants in the following rank predicted stable mental health: absence of financial strain, occupation and especially being self-employed, emotional support, male gender, physical activity, instrumental support, interpersonal trust, community trust, and absence of hazardous alcohol consumption. Interaction analysis showed significant difference between the younger and older group regarding physical activity and absence of financial strain with importance being higher for the older group. Our findings indicate that the determinants of health differ across the life-course with fewer predictors related to social capital and health behavior in the younger group compared to the older. We conclude that health-promoting interventions should be lifespan-sensitive.

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The Impact of Communications Technology on Trust

Virtual Communities ◽

10.4018/978-1-60960-100-3.ch720 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 2454-2465

Author(s):

Paul Hodgson

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Evolutionary Theory ◽

Social Trust ◽

Physical World ◽

Communications Technology ◽

Virtual Communication ◽

Social Coordination ◽

Social Disintegration ◽

The Impact

This chapter analyses the formation and generation of social trust through communications technology in postmodern society, and presents some possible solutions to social disintegration. One view of social capital sees it as the strength of a network of relationships within a community. Evolutionary theory holds that any group whose members were prepared to help one another and were truthful and trusting with each other, would be victorious over other groups. Modern communications technology in postmodern society can be seen thus far to have led to a greater individualization and atomization of experience which presents a problem for the reinforcement of social trust. Virtual communication has been built upon social capital generated in the physical world but is in danger of depleting the very basis upon which it is constructed. The author’s belief is that technology that better enables and enhances mechanisms of social coordination and trust are needed. Some observations on the nature of such technology are provided.

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Social Network Analysis in Child and Adolescent Physical Activity Research: A Systematic Literature Review

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2019-0350 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 250-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tyler Prochnow ◽

Haley Delgado ◽

Megan S. Patterson ◽

M. Renée Umstattd Meyer

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Social Network ◽

Social Network Analysis ◽

Network Analysis ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Child And Adolescent ◽

Adolescent Physical Activity ◽

Final Sample ◽

Network Composition ◽

The Impact

Background: Regular physical activity (PA) has many benefits for children and adolescents, yet many do not meet PA recommendations. Social context is important for promoting or discouraging PA among children and adolescents. This review aimed to identify social network variables related to PA among children and adolescents. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted in September 2018 using PsycINFO, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science. Included articles needed to (1) be focused on children (aged 5–11 y) or adolescents (aged 12–17 y), (2) include a measure of PA, (3) include a measure of egocentric or sociocentric social connection in which alters were nominated, and (4) perform an analysis between network data and PA. Results: A search of 11,824 articles was refined to a final sample of 29 articles. Social network themes and concepts such as homophily, centrality, and network composition were related to child and adolescent PA behavior across the literature. Conclusions: The impact of an individual’s social network is evident on their PA behaviors. More research is needed to examine why these networks form in relation to PA and how interventions can utilize social network analysis to more effectively promote PA, especially in underserved and minority populations.

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Spirituality and Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior among Latino Men and Women in Massachusetts

Ethnicity & Disease ◽

10.18865/ed.27.1.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 3 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Valerie J. Silfee ◽

Christina F. Haughton ◽

Stephenie C. Lemon ◽

Vilma Lora ◽

Milagros C. Rosal

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Family Health ◽

Well Being ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Latino Men ◽

Hispanic Adults ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

The Impact

Objective: To examine the relationships between spirituality and physical activity and sedentary behavior in a sample of Latino adults in Massachusetts.Design: This is a cross-sectional analysis of the Lawrence Health and Well Being Study; a study that was conducted among patients at the Greater Lawrence Family Health Center (GLFHC) in Lawrence, Massachusetts.Participants: 602 Latino or Hispanic adults aged 21 to 85 years completed the study.Results: There was a significant negative relationship between spirituality and sedentary behavior (β= -.12, p = .004). Although not statistically significant, higher spirituality was associated with increased odds of engaging in physical activity. There were no significant associations between spirituality and physical activity among men or women. Men with greater spirituality were significantly less sedentary (β = -.17, P = .005). There was no relationship between sedentary behavior and spirituality among women.Conclusions: This study found that individuals who are more spiritual are also less sedentary, and this association was stronger in men than women. Findings provide insight for developing future interventions to promote activity in this high-risk population, which has been greatly understudied. Future research endeavors should consider investigating the impact of spirituality-based messages to reduce sedentary behavior among Latinos.Ethn Dis. 2017;27(1):3-10; doi:10.18865/ed.27.1.3.

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