scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance and novel mutations detected in the gyrA and parC genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from companion dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjin Park ◽  
Jaeyoung Oh ◽  
Sowon Park ◽  
Samuth Sum ◽  
Wonkeun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Novel Mutations ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Companion Dogs

Abstract Background: Fluoroquinolone agents, such as enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin, are commonly used in for pseudomonal infection in veterinary medicine. However, the rate of resistance rate to fluoroquinolone s is rapidly increasing , according to multiple studies in various countries. The p P oint mutation s in the quinolone resistance - determining region (QRDR) is are closely related to the increased fluoroquinolone resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The aim of this study was to investigate current antimicrobial susceptibility and fluoroquinolone resistance in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from dogs. The presence of the point mutations in the QRDR was confirmed by gyrA and parC polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing analysis. Results: A total of 84 nonduplicated P. aeruginosa strains were obtained from 228 healthy dogs (healthy group) and 260 dogs with clinical signs (infected group). From Of Among these isolates , 38 strains from the healthy group were detected in several sample type s, whereas 46 strains from the infected group were mostly obtained mostly from dogs’ ears with otitis externa (41/260, 15.8%). All strains were resistant to nalidixic acid, while some were also resistant to enrofloxacin (23/84, 27.4%), marbofloxacin (17/84, 20.2%), levofloxacin (12/84, 14.3%), or ciprofloxacin (11/84, 13.1%). Enrofloxacin resistance was significantly higher in strains from the infected group than in th ose at of from the healthy group ( p <0.05). Among the 23 fluoroquinolone-resistant strains, 8 and 4 different mutations were detected in the gyrA and parC genes, respectively. Mutations in gyrA were significantly common in the infected group ( p <0.05). Hotspots for the gyrA and parC mutations were Thr83 (34.8%, 8/23) and Pro116 (91.3%, 21/23), respectively. Double and triple mutations were also found in 5 of the strains. Conclusion: Novel mutations in the gyrA and parC genes were first found in P. aeruginosa isolated from companion dogs in South Korea. These findings suggest that it is important to alert encourage the prudent use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in canine pseudomona l s infection treatment. Keywords: companion dogs, P. aeruginosa , novel mutations, gyrA , parC

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance and novel mutations detected in the gyrA and parC genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from companion dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjin Park ◽  
Jaeyoung Oh ◽  
Sowon Park ◽  
Samuth Sum ◽  
Wonkeun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Novel Mutations ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Companion Dogs

Abstract Background: Fluoroquinolone agents, such as enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin, are commonly used in for pseudomonal infection in veterinary medicine. However, the rate of resistance rate to fluoroquinolone s is rapidly increasing , according to multiple studies in various countries. The p P oint mutation s in the quinolone resistance - determining region (QRDR) is are closely related to the increased fluoroquinolone resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The aim of this study was to investigate current antimicrobial susceptibility and fluoroquinolone resistance in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from dogs. The presence of the point mutations in the QRDR was confirmed by gyrA and parC polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing analysis. Results: A total of 84 nonduplicated P. aeruginosa strains were obtained from 228 healthy dogs (healthy group) and 260 dogs with clinical signs (infected group). From Of Among these isolates , 38 strains from the healthy group were detected in several sample type s, whereas 46 strains from the infected group were mostly obtained mostly from dogs’ ears with otitis externa (41/260, 15.8%). All strains were resistant to nalidixic acid, while some were also resistant to enrofloxacin (23/84, 27.4%), marbofloxacin (17/84, 20.2%), levofloxacin (12/84, 14.3%), or ciprofloxacin (11/84, 13.1%). Enrofloxacin resistance was significantly higher in strains from the infected group than in th ose at of from the healthy group ( p <0.05). Among the 23 fluoroquinolone-resistant strains, 8 and 4 different mutations were detected in the gyrA and parC genes, respectively. Mutations in gyrA were significantly common in the infected group ( p <0.05). Hotspots for the gyrA and parC mutations were Thr83 (34.8%, 8/23) and Pro116 (91.3%, 21/23), respectively. Double and triple mutations were also found in 5 of the strains. Conclusion: Novel mutations in the gyrA and parC genes were first found in P. aeruginosa isolated from companion dogs in South Korea. These findings suggest that it is important to alert encourage the prudent use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in canine pseudomona l s infection treatment.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance and novel mutations detected in the gyrA and parC genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from companion dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjin Park ◽  
Jaeyoung Oh ◽  
Sowon Park ◽  
Samuth Sum ◽  
Wonkeun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Novel Mutations ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Companion Dogs

Abstract Background: Fluoroquinolone agents, such as enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin, are commonly used in for pseudomonal infection in veterinary medicine. However, the rate of resistance rate to fluoroquinolone s is rapidly increasing , according to multiple studies in various countries. The p P oint mutation s in the quinolone resistance - determining region (QRDR) is are closely related to the increased fluoroquinolone resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The aim of this study was to investigate current antimicrobial susceptibility and fluoroquinolone resistance in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from dogs. The presence of the point mutations in the QRDR was confirmed by gyrA and parC polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing analysis. Results: A total of 84 nonduplicated P. aeruginosa strains were obtained from 228 healthy dogs (healthy group) and 260 dogs with clinical signs (infected group). From Of Among these isolates , 38 strains from the healthy group were detected in several sample type s, whereas 46 strains from the infected group were mostly obtained mostly from dogs’ ears with otitis externa (41/260, 15.8%). All strains were resistant to nalidixic acid, while some were also resistant to enrofloxacin (23/84, 27.4%), marbofloxacin (17/84, 20.2%), levofloxacin (12/84, 14.3%), or ciprofloxacin (11/84, 13.1%). Enrofloxacin resistance was significantly higher in strains from the infected group than in th ose at of from the healthy group ( p <0.05). Among the 23 fluoroquinolone-resistant strains, 8 and 4 different mutations were detected in the gyrA and parC genes, respectively. Mutations in gyrA were significantly common in the infected group ( p <0.05). Hotspots for the gyrA and parC mutations were Thr83 (34.8%, 8/23) and Pro116 (91.3%, 21/23), respectively. Double and triple mutations were also found in 5 of the strains. Conclusion: Novel mutations in the gyrA and parC genes were first found in P. aeruginosa isolated from companion dogs in South Korea. These findings suggest that it is important to alert encourage the prudent use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in canine pseudomona l s infection treatment.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance and novel mutations detected in the gyrA and parC genes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from companion dogs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjin Park ◽  
Jaeyoung Oh ◽  
Sowon Park ◽  
Samuth Sum ◽  
Wonkeun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Novel Mutations ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Companion Dogs

Abstract Background Fluoroquinolone agents, such as enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin, are commonly used in pseudomonal infection in veterinary medicine. However, the resistance rate to fluoroquinolone is rapidly increasing according to multiple studies in various countries. The point mutation in quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR) is closely related to increased fluoroquinolone resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The aim of this study was to investigate current antimicrobial susceptibility and fluoroquinolone resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from dogs. The presence of the point mutations in the QRDR was confirmed by gyrA and parC polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing analysis. Results A total of 84 nonduplicated P. aeruginosa isolates were obtained from 228 healthy dogs (healthy group) and 260 dogs with clinical signs (infected group). From these, 38 isolates from the healthy group were detected in several samples, whereas 46 isolates from the infected group were mostly obtained from dogs’ ears with otitis externa (41/260, 15.8%). All isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid, while some were also resistant to enrofloxacin (23/84, 27.4%), marbofloxacin (17/84, 20.2%), levofloxacin (12/84, 14.3%), or ciprofloxacin (11/84, 13.1%). Enrofloxacin resistance was significantly higher in strains from the infected group than that of the healthy group ( p <0.05). Among the 23 fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates, 8 and 4 different mutations were detected in the gyrA and parC genes, respectively. Mutations in gyrA were significantly common in the infected group ( p <0.05). Hotspots for the gyrA and parC mutations were Thr83 (34.8%, 8/23) and Pro116 (91.3%, 21/23), respectively. Double and triple mutations were also found in 5 of the isolates. Conclusion Novel mutations in the gyrA and parC genes were first found in P. aeruginosa isolates from companion dogs in South Korea. These findings suggest that it is important to know the prudent use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in canine pseudomonas infection treatment.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance and novel mutations detected in the gyrA and parC genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from companion dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjin Park ◽  
Jaeyoung Oh ◽  
Sowon Park ◽  
Samuth Sum ◽  
Wonkeun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Novel Mutations ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Companion Dogs

Abstract Background: Fluoroquinolone agents, such as enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin, are commonly used for pseudomonal infection in veterinary medicine. However, the rate of resistance to fluoroquinolones is rapidly increasing, according to multiple studies in various countries. Point mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) are closely related to the increased fluoroquinolone resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aim of this study was to investigate current antimicrobial susceptibility and fluoroquinolone resistance in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from dogs. The presence of point mutations in the QRDR was confirmed by gyrA and parC polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing analysis.Results: A total of 84 nonduplicated P. aeruginosa strains were obtained from 228 healthy dogs (healthy group) and 260 dogs with clinical signs (infected group). Among these isolates, 38 strains from the healthy group were detected in several sample types, whereas 46 strains from the infected group were obtained mostly from dogs’ ears with otitis externa (41/260, 15.8%). All strains were resistant to nalidixic acid, while some were also resistant to enrofloxacin (23/84, 27.4%), marbofloxacin (17/84, 20.2%), levofloxacin (12/84, 14.3%), or ciprofloxacin (11/84, 13.1%). Enrofloxacin resistance was significantly higher in strains from the infected group than in those from the healthy group (p<0.05). Among the 23 fluoroquinolone-resistant strains, 8 and 4 different mutations were detected in the gyrA and parC genes, respectively. Mutations in gyrA were significantly common in the infected group (p<0.05). Hotspots for the gyrA and parC mutations were Thr83 (34.8%, 8/23) and Pro116 (91.3%, 21/23), respectively. Double and triple mutations were also found in 5 of the strains.Conclusion: Novel mutations in the gyrA and parC genes were first found in P. aeruginosa isolated from companion dogs in South Korea. These findings suggest that it is important to encourage prudent use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in canine pseudomonal infection treatment.

Sequencing Analysis and Phylogenetic Tree of HPV Isolated from Breast Cancer Patients at Thi-Qar Province/Iraq

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
The North ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
History Of

Genetic variety examination has demonstrated fundamental to the understanding of the epidemiological and developmental history of Papillomavirus (HPV), for the development of accurate diagnostic tests and for efficient vaccine design. The HPV nucleotide diversity has been investigated widely among high-risk HPV types. To make the nucleotide sequence of HPV and do the virus database in Thi-Qar province, and compare sequences of our isolates with previously described isolates from around the world and then draw its phylogenetic tree, this study done. A total of 6 breast formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) of the female patients were included in the study, divided as 4 FFPE malignant tumor and 2 FFPE of benign tumor. The PCR technique was implemented to detect the presence of HPV in breast tissue, and the real-time PCR used to determinant HPV genotypes, then determined a complete nucleotide sequence of HPV of L1 capsid gene, and draw its phylogenetic tree. The nucleotide sequencing finding detects a number of substitution mutation (SNPs) in (L1) gene, which have not been designated before, were identified once in this study population, and revealed that the HPV16 strains have the evolutionary relationship with the South African race, while, the HPV33 and HPV6 showing the evolutionary association with the North American and East Asian race, respectively.

Nucleotide Sequencing Analysis of the 146-Kilobase Segment around theIkBLandMICAGenes at the Centromeric End of the HLA Class I Region

Genomics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Shiina ◽  
Gen Tamiya ◽  
Akira Oka ◽  
Tetsushi Yamagata ◽  
Naomi Yamagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hla Class I ◽  
Class I ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Class I Region

scholarly journals Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam against Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 3059-3065 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pitart ◽  
F. Marco ◽  
T. A. Keating ◽  
W. W. Nichols ◽  
J. Vila
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Resistant Mutant ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTCeftazidime-avibactam and comparator antibiotics were tested by the broth microdilution method against 200Enterobacteriaceaeand 25Pseudomonas aeruginosastrains resistant to fluoroquinolones (including strains with the extended-spectrum β-lactamase [ESBL] phenotype and ceftazidime-resistant strains) collected from our institution. The MICs and mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolone were also studied. Ninety-nine percent of fluoroquinolone-resistantEnterobacteriaceaestrains were inhibited at a ceftazidime-avibactam MIC of ≤4 mg/liter (using the susceptible CLSI breakpoint for ceftazidime alone as a reference). Ceftazidime-avibactam was very active against ESBLEscherichia coli(MIC90of 0.25 mg/liter), ESBLKlebsiella pneumoniae(MIC90of 0.5 mg/liter), ceftazidime-resistant AmpC-producing species (MIC90of 1 mg/liter), non-ESBLE. coli(MIC90of ≤0.125 mg/liter), non-ESBLK. pneumoniae(MIC90of 0.25 mg/liter), and ceftazidime-nonresistant AmpC-producing species (MIC90of ≤0.5 mg/liter). Ninety-six percent of fluoroquinolone-resistantP. aeruginosastrains were inhibited at a ceftazidime-avibactam MIC of ≤8 mg/liter (using the susceptible CLSI breakpoint for ceftazidime alone as a reference), with a MIC90of 8 mg/liter. Additionally, fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants from each species tested were obtainedin vitrofrom two strains, one susceptible to ceftazidime and the other a β-lactamase producer with a high MIC against ceftazidime but susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam. Thereby, the impact of fluoroquinolone resistance on the activity of ceftazidime-avibactam could be assessed. The MIC90values of ceftazidime-avibactam for the fluoroquinolone-resistant mutant strains ofEnterobacteriaceaeandP. aeruginosawere ≤4 mg/liter and ≤8 mg/liter, respectively. We conclude that the presence of fluoroquinolone resistance does not affectEnterobacteriaceaeandP. aeruginosasusceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam; that is, there is no cross-resistance.

scholarly journals Otitis and meningoencephalitis associated with infectious coryza (Avibacterium paragallinarum) in commercial broiler chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 784-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Crispo ◽  
C. Gabriel Sentíes-Cué ◽  
George L. Cooper ◽  
Grace Mountainspring ◽  
Charles Corsiglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Infectious Coryza ◽  
Avibacterium Paragallinarum ◽  
Commercial Broiler

Infectious coryza, caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum, is an acute respiratory disease of poultry that can result in substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic losses. In March 2017, the Turlock branch of the California Animal Health and Food Safety laboratory system encountered an unusual clinical and pathologic presentation of infectious coryza in 6 live, 29-d-old, commercial broiler chickens that were submitted for diagnostic investigation. Antemortem evaluation revealed severe neurologic signs, including disorientation, torticollis, and opisthotonos. Swollen head–like syndrome and sinusitis were also present. Histologically, severe sinusitis, cranial osteomyelitis, otitis media and interna, and meningoencephalitis were noted, explaining the clinical signs described. A. paragallinarum was readily isolated from the upper and lower respiratory tract, brain, and cranial bones. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was also detected by PCR, and IBV was isolated in embryonated chicken eggs. Based on sequencing analysis, the IBV appeared 99% homologous to strain CA1737. A synergistic effect between A. paragallinarum and IBV, resulting in exacerbation of clinical signs and increased mortality, may have occurred in this case. A. paragallinarum should be considered among the possible causes of neurologic signs in chickens. Appropriate media should be used for bacterial isolation, and the role of additional contributing factors and/or complicating agents should be investigated in cases of infectious coryza.

scholarly journals Multicity Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Producing the Carbapenemase OXA-40

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 2941-2945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Lolans ◽  
Thomas W. Rice ◽  
L. Silvia Munoz-Price ◽  
John P. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Extended Care ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT During 2005 we detected a multicity outbreak of infections or colonization due to high-level imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MIC, 64 μg/ml). One hundred isolates from diverse sources were obtained from seven acute-care hospitals and two extended-care facilities; 97% of the isolates belonged to one clone. Susceptibility testing of the first 42 isolates (January to April 2005) revealed broad resistance profiles. Half of the isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime, with many isolates susceptible only to colistin. The level of AmpC β-lactamase expression was stronger in isolates resistant to ceftazidime. PCR and subsequent nucleotide sequencing analysis identified bla OXA-40. The presence of an OXA-40 β-lactamase in these isolates correlated with the carbapenem resistance. By Southern blot analysis, a bla OXA-40-specific probe revealed that the gene was both plasmid and chromosomally located. This is the first time in the United States that such carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii has been attributable to a carbapenemase.

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