scholarly journals Another piece of the Zika puzzle: Assessing the associated factors to microcephaly in a systematic review and meta-analysis.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Guerra Gallo ◽  
Jorge L Martinez-Cajas ◽  
Henry Maia Peixoto ◽  
Ana Carolina Esteves da Silva Pereira ◽  
Jillian E Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Ovid Medline

Abstract Background: Although it is known that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy may lead to microcephaly in the fetus, the prognostic factors associated with this tragic disorder remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prognostic factors associated with the incidence of microcephaly in congenital ZIKV infection. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE (R) Epub ahead of print, Embase, Embase Classic, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, LILACS, and various thesis databases to identify human studies reporting microcephaly associated with congenital ZIKV infection. We requested primary data from the authors of the included studies to calculate summary estimates and conduct the meta-analysis of the most prevalent factors.Results: We screened 4106 titles and abstracts, and identified 12 studies for inclusion in the systematic review. The assessment of ZIKV infection and the definition of microcephaly varied among studies. A total of 6154 newborns/fetuses were enrolled; of those, 1120 (18.20%) had a diagnostic of ZIKV infection, of which 509 (45.45%) were diagnosed with microcephaly. Nine studies addressed the link between congenital ZIKV infection and neurological findings in newborns/fetuses. Half of the studies provided primary data. Three out of 11 factors of interest seem to be prognostic factors of microcephaly: infant’s sex – males compared to females: Relative Risk (RR) 1.30, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 1.14 to 1.49; the stage of pregnancy when infection occurred – infection in the first trimester of pregnancy compared to infection at other stages of pregnancy: RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.82; and asymptomatic infection compared to symptomatic infection during pregnancy: RR 0.68; 95% CI 0.60 to 0.77.Conclusion: Our findings support the female-biased resistance hypothesis and reinforce the risk associated with the stage of pregnancy when ZIKV infection occurs. Continued surveillance of ZIKV infection during pregnancy is needed to identify additional factors that could contribute to developing microcephaly in affected fetuses.

scholarly journals Another piece of the Zika puzzle: Assessing the associated factors to microcephaly in a systematic review and meta-analysis.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Guerra Gallo ◽  
Jorge L Martinez-Cajas ◽  
Henry Maia Peixoto ◽  
Ana Carolina Esteves da Silva Pereira ◽  
Jillian E Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Ovid Medline

Abstract Background: Although it is known that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy may lead to microcephaly in the fetus, the prognostic factors associated with this tragic disorder remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prognostic factors associated with the incidence of microcephaly in congenital ZIKV infection. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE (R) Epub ahead of print, Embase, Embase Classic, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, LILACS, and various thesis databases to identify human studies reporting microcephaly associated with congenital ZIKV infection. We requested primary data from the authors of the included studies to calculate summary estimates and conduct the meta-analysis of the most prevalent factors. Results: We screened 4106 titles and abstracts, and identified 12 studies for inclusion in the systematic review. The assessment of ZIKV infection and the definition of microcephaly varied among studies. A total of 6154 newborns/fetuses were enrolled; of those, 1120 (18.20%) had a diagnostic of ZIKV infection, of which 509 (45.45%) were diagnosed with microcephaly. Nine studies addressed the link between congenital ZIKV infection and neurological findings in newborns/fetuses. Half of the studies provided primary data. Three out of 11 factors of interest seem to be prognostic factors of microcephaly: infant’s sex – males compared to females: Relative Risk (RR) 1.30, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 1.14 to 1.49; the stage of pregnancy when infection occurred – infection in the first trimester of pregnancy compared to infection at other stages of pregnancy: RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.82; and asymptomatic infection compared to symptomatic infection during pregnancy: RR 0.68; 95% CI 0.60 to 0.77. Conclusion: Our findings support the female-biased resistance hypothesis and reinforce the risk associated with the stage of pregnancy when ZIKV infection occurs. Continued surveillance of ZIKV infection during pregnancy is needed to identify additional factors that could contribute to developing microcephaly in affected fetuses.

scholarly journals Another piece on the Zika puzzle: assessing the associated factors to microcephaly in a systematic review and meta-analysis.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Guerra Gallo ◽  
Jorge L Martinez-Cajas ◽  
Henry Maia Peixoto ◽  
Ana Carolina Esteves da Silva Pereira ◽  
Jillian E Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Background: Although it is known that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy may lead to microcephaly in the foetus, the risk factors associated to this tragic disorder remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis toto assess risk factors associated with the incidence of microcephaly in congenital ZIKV infection. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE (R) Epub ahead of print, Embase, Embase Classic, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, LILACS and various thesis databases to identify human studies reporting microcephaly associated with congenital ZIKV infection. We requested primary data from authors of the studies included in this review to calculate summary estimates and conduct meta-analysis of the most prevalent factors. Results: We screened 4,106 titles and abstracts, and identified 12 studies for inclusion in the systematic review. The assessment of ZIKV infection and the definition of microcephaly varied among studies. A total of 6,154 children/foetuses were enrolled; of those, 1,120 (18.20%) had a diagnostic of ZIKV infection, of which 509 (45.45%) were diagnosed with microcephaly. Nine studies addressed the link between congenital ZIKV infection and neurological findings in foetuses/ children. Half of the studies provided primary data. Two out of eleven factors of interest were associated with microcephaly: infant’s sex – males presented a higher risk of microcephaly compared to females (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.14, 1.49); and the stage of pregnancy when infection occurred - infection in the first trimester of pregnancy had a higher risk of microcephaly (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.82), compared to infection at other stages of pregnancy. Conclusion: Our findings support the female-biased resistance hypothesis and reinforce the risk associated with the stage of pregnancy when Zika virus infection occurs. Continued surveillance of ZIKV during pregnancy is needed to identify additional factors that could contribute to developing microcephaly in affected foetuses.

scholarly journals Another piece on the Zika puzzle: assessing the associated factors to microcephaly in a systematic review and meta-analysis.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Guerra Gallo(Former Corresponding Author) ◽  
Jorge L Martinez-Cajas ◽  
Henry Maia Peixoto ◽  
Ana Carolina Esteves da Silva Pereira ◽  
Jillian E Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Background: Although it is known that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy may lead to microcephaly in the foetus, the risk factors associated to this tragic disorder remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis toto assess risk factors associated with the incidence of microcephaly in congenital ZIKV infection. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE (R) Epub ahead of print, Embase, Embase Classic, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, LILACS and various thesis databases to identify human studies reporting microcephaly associated with congenital ZIKV infection. We requested primary data from authors of the studies included in this review to calculate summary estimates and conduct meta-analysis of the most prevalent factors. Results: We screened 4,106 titles and abstracts, and identified 12 studies for inclusion in the systematic review. The assessment of ZIKV infection and the definition of microcephaly varied among studies. A total of 6,154 children/foetuses were enrolled; of those, 1,120 (18.20%) had a diagnostic of ZIKV infection, of which 509 (45.45%) were diagnosed with microcephaly. Nine studies addressed the link between congenital ZIKV infection and neurological findings in foetuses/ children. Half of the studies provided primary data. Two out of eleven factors of interest were associated with microcephaly: infant’s sex – males presented a higher risk of microcephaly compared to females (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.14, 1.49); and the stage of pregnancy when infection occurred - infection in the first trimester of pregnancy had a higher risk of microcephaly (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.82), compared to infection at other stages of pregnancy. Conclusion: Our findings support the female-biased resistance hypothesis and reinforce the risk associated with the stage of pregnancy when Zika virus infection occurs. Continued surveillance of ZIKV during pregnancy is needed to identify additional factors that could contribute to developing microcephaly in affected foetuses.

scholarly journals Predictors of Post-Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS) in Pediatric Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Literature

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 3806-3806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elissa Engel ◽  
Manuela Albisetti ◽  
Leonardo R. Brandao ◽  
Ernest Amankwah ◽  
Anthony Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Post Thrombotic Syndrome ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity

Abstract BACKGROUND: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is the most common long-term complication in pediatric deep venous thrombosis (DVT), affecting approximately 25% of children with an extremity DVT. PTS leads to a high physical, psychological and financial burden in affected patients. Although several risk factors have been associated with the development of pediatric PTS, few of them have been validated in the pediatric literature. A better understanding of the prognostic factors leading to PTS is a vital step for early identification of those children at greatest risk in order to develop risk-stratified interventions aimed at preventing this complication. AIM: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of available published evidence from the pediatric literature on prognostic factors for pediatric PTS. METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from 1960 to December 2017 was performed. MeSH terms and search strategy employed were as follows: "postthrombotic syndrome" OR "postphlebitic syndrome" AND "all child 0-18 years" AND "young adult 19-24 years". A study was eligible for inclusion if it evaluated the development of PTS in pediatric patients (<21 years of age) with a confirmed extremity DVT and reported on at least one prognostic factor for the development of PTS. Single case reports, narrative reviews, and commentaries were excluded. Studies assessing the efficacy/safety of thrombolysis, and studies including patients >21 years of age with outcomes not reported by age group, were also excluded. Two reviewers independently screened all studies and extracted the data of interest. Data were analyzed using STATA v.15 statistical software. Meta-analyses were conducted for risk factors reported in at least three studies. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated from the effect estimates from the individual studies using a random effects model. Statistical heterogeneity was quantified by I2 statistic. RESULTS: A total of 12 studies met the final inclusion criteria (Figure 1), nine cohort studies, two cross-sectional studies, and one case-control study. These studies reported a total of 1,160 patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE), of whom 938 (81%) were assessed for PTS (Table 1). Median age across studies ranged from 0.02 - 15.5 years. VTE was considered provoked in nearly 80% of patients. The most common reported risk factor for VTE was the presence of a central venous catheter (CVC, 54%) followed by congenital heart disease (26%). PTS was diagnosed in 46% (n=434) of patients with an extremity DVT. The median time from DVT diagnosis to PTS diagnosis ranged from 12 to 33 months across studies. Among studies reporting this information, mild PTS was most frequently diagnosed, followed by moderate and severe PTS (35%, 5% and 0.6% of patients respectively). Most common prognostic factors associated with PTS in individual studies included patient characteristics: age and gender; and DVT characteristics: recurrent DVT, symptomatic DVT, DVT degree of occlusion, and time between DVT diagnosis and PTS assessment. Three studies investigated the association of elevated factor VIII and d-dimer levels with PTS. Elevated levels of these biomarkers were found to be associated with development of adverse VTE outcomes in one study but this finding was not confirmed in the other studies. Meta-analysis of reported prognostic factors identified the presence of a CVC and occlusive DVT as significant risk factors for the development of pediatric PTS (OR= 1.8, 95%CI=1.08-2.98, and OR=1.89, 95%CI=1.04-3.46 respectively; Figure 2). CONCLUSION: Among 12 studies evaluating prognostic factors for PTS in children and meeting criteria for this meta-analysis, CVC-related DVT and complete occlusion were associated with pediatric PTS. Overall, high-quality evidence on pediatric PTS is lacking. Collaborative prospective cohort studies and trials that use validated pediatric PTS measures and standardized prognostic factor definitions are needed to better understand the risk factors associated with PTS. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Long-term sequelae of Pneumococcal Sepsis in children: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeteju A Ogunbameru ◽  
Rafael N Miranda ◽  
Joanna Bielecki ◽  
Beate Sander
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Pneumococcal Sepsis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: Long-term sequelae associated with pneumococcal sepsis (PS) in pediatric patients in existing literature is currently unclear. Aim: To review the evidence on sequelae and prognostic factors associated with PS among pediatric patients. Method: We conducted a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines. We screened six databases from their inception to January 15, 2021. Study population were neonates, infants, children and adolescents less than 18 years old with suspected or confirmed PS disease. Outcomes included sequelae types, prognostic factors, pooled death estimate and length of hospital stay (LOS) for survivors and deceased patients. Quality of studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal checklists. Results: We screened 981 abstracts, and 24 full-text articles for final review. Septic shock was the most prevalent physical sequelae reported (13%, n=1492 patients). No functional, cognitive or neurological sequelae were reported in included studies. Meta-analysis of pooled mortality estimate was 14.6% (95%CI: 9.9 -19.4%). Prognostic factors associated with increased risk of PS sequelae and death included pediatric risk of mortality score ≥ 10 and co-infection with meningitis. LOS for survivors and non-survivors ranged between 5-30 days and 1-30 days. Nine included studies met at least 50% of the quality assessment criteria. Conclusion: Physical sequelae and death are the PS sequelae types currently identified in existing literature. Lack of information about other possible sequelae types suggests the long-term consequences of PS disease maybe underreported, especially in resource-limited settings. Future studies should consider exploring reasons for the existing of this knowledge gap.

scholarly journals 1123. Individual and Household Risk Factors for Symptomatic Cholera Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S336-S336
Author(s):  
Aaron Richterman ◽  
Duarxy Rodcnel Sainvilien ◽  
Lauren Eberly ◽  
Louise C Ivers
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Open Container ◽  
Treatment Summary

Abstract Background Cholera has caused seven global pandemics, including the current one which has been ongoing since 1961. A systematic review of risk factors for symptomatic cholera infection has not been previously published. Methods In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual and household risk factors for symptomatic cholera infection. Results We identified 110 studies eligible for inclusion in qualitative synthesis. Factors associated with symptomatic cholera that were eligible for meta-analysis included education less than secondary level (summary OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.41–4.92, I2 = 8%), unimproved water source (summary OR 4.78, 95% CI 3.02–7.57, I2 = 49%), open container water storage (summary OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.57–4.01, I2 = 33%), consumption of food outside the home (summary OR 5.02, 95% CI 2.34–10.76, I2 = 61%), household contact with cholera (summary OR 3.99, 95% CI 2.03–7.87, I2 = 89%), water treatment (summary OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.13–0.36, I2 = 37%), and handwashing (summary OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.10–0.30, I2 = 37%). Other notable associations with symptomatic infection included income/wealth, blood group, gastric acidity, infant breastfeeding status, and HIV infection. Conclusion We identified potential risk factors for symptomatic cholera infection including environmental characteristics, socioeconomic factors, and intrinsic patient factors. Ultimately, a combination of interventional approaches targeting various groups with risk-adapted intensities may prove to be the optimal strategy for cholera control. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Pre-arrest and intra-arrest prognostic factors associated with survival following traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest – A systematic review and meta-analysis

Resuscitation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 119-135
Author(s):  
Alexandre Tran ◽  
Shannon M. Fernando ◽  
Bram Rochwerg ◽  
Christian Vaillancourt ◽  
Kenji Inaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

scholarly journals Biopsychosocial factors associated with non-recovery after a minor transport-related injury: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e016314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Samoborec ◽  
Rasa Ruseckaite ◽  
Lorena Romero ◽  
Sue M Evans
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionGlobally, road transport accidents contribute substantially to the number of deaths and also to the burden of disability. Up to 50 million people suffer a transport-related non-fatal injury each year, which often leads to long-term disability. It has been shown that substantial number of people with minor injuries struggle to recover and the reasons are still not well explored.Despite the high prevalence, little is known about the factors hindering recovery following minor traffic-related injuries. The aim of this paper is to present a protocol for the systematic review aiming to understand biopsychosocial factors related to non-recovery and identify current gaps in the literature.Methods and analysisThe review will be conducted in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocol guidelines. A search of the electronic databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, will be undertaken, in addition to Google Scholar and grey literature to identify studies in period from 2006 to 2016. Quantitative and qualitative research articles describing and identifying biopsychosocial factors associated with non-recovery and health outcomes such as pain, disability, functional recovery, health-related quality of life, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety and return to work will be included. A conceptual framework developed to identify biopsychosocial factors will be applied to assure defined criterion.At present, there is little anticipation for meta-analyses due to the heterogeneity of factors and outcomes assessed. Therefore, a narrative synthesis based on study findings will be conducted.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as primary data will not be collected. Review results will be published as a part of thesis, peer-reviewed journal and conferences.Trialregistration numberPROSPEROregistration number: CRD42016052276.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection with the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant: second interim results of a living systematic review and meta-analysis, 1 January to 25 August 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Harder ◽  
Wiebe Külper-Schiek ◽  
Sarah Reda ◽  
Marina Treskova-Schwarzbach ◽  
Judith Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Alpha Variant

The Delta variant has become the dominant strain of SARS-CoV-2. We summarised the evidence on COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) identified in 17 studies that investigated VE against different endpoints. Pooled VE was 63.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 40.9–76.9) against asymptomatic infection, 75.7% (95% CI: 69.3–80.8) against symptomatic infection and 90.9% (95% CI: 84.5–94.7) against hospitalisation. Compared with the Alpha variant, VE against mild outcomes was reduced by 10–20%, but fully maintained against severe COVID-19.

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