Association of diet-related knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and self-rated health among Chinese adults: a population-based study

Abstract Background: Diet and nutrition play an important role in one’s health status. The objectives of this study were to (a) determine knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) related to diet among a sample of Chinese adults, and (b) assess the association between diet-related KAB and self-rated health.Methods: We applied the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) with cross-sectional study design. Individuals aged 18 years and older were included as study subjects (n = 12,814).Six variables were selected to assess diet-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, composed of two for each dimension. Comparison of diet-related KAB in urban and rural was conducted using chi-square test. Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to quantify the association between diet-related KAB and self-rated health.Results: The awareness rate for Chinese diet pagoda/DGCR was 27.1%, and only 34.3% of the subjects were assessed as having adequate dietary knowledge literacy. 24.3% and 21.4% reported positive attitudes towards healthy diet and being physically active, respectively. 27.6% and 65.9% reported the behavior of actively looking for nutrition knowledge and eating fruit & vegetables, respectively. Chi-square test indicated that rural residents experienced significant poorer diet-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors than urban (all p-values < 0.05). Adjusted ORs with 95% CI revealed significant association between diet-related KAB and self-rated health. Conclusions: Chinese adults experienced poor diet-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, while rural residents were significantly worse than urban. Improving diet-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors was extremely beneficial to individual’s self-rated health.

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Association of diet-related knowledge, attitude, behaviors and self-rated health among Chinese adults: a population-based study

10.21203/rs.2.18289/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ying Yang ◽

Di He ◽

Liuyi Wei ◽

Shizhen Wang ◽

Lei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Based ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Chi Square ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Dietary Knowledge ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Eating Fruit ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

And Behaviors

Abstract Background: Diet and nutrition play an important role in one’s health status. The objectives of this study were to (a) determine knowledge, attitude, and behaviors (KABs) related to diet among a sample of Chinese adults, and (b) assess the association between diet-related KABs and self-rated health.Methods: We analyzed the 2015 CHNS data. Individuals aged 18 years and older were included as study subjects (n = 12,814). Five variables were selected to assess diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors. Comparison of diet-related KABs in urban and rural was conducted using chi-square test. Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to quantify the association between diet-related KABs and self-rated health.Results: The awareness proportion for Chinese diet pagoda/DGCR was 27.1%, and only 34.3% of the subjects were assessed as having adequate dietary knowledge literacy. 24.3% reported positive attitude towards healthy diet. 27.6% and 65.9% reported the behavior of actively looking for nutrition knowledge and eating fruit & vegetables, respectively. Chi-square test indicated that rural residents experienced significant poorer diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors than urban (all p-values < 0.01). Adjusted ORs with 95% CI revealed significant association between diet-related KABs and self-rated health.Conclusions: Chinese adults experienced poor diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors, while rural residents were significantly worse than urban. Better diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors was associated with higher self-rated health.

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Changes in Six-Month Prevalence of Circulatory System Diseases among People Aged 20 Years and Older between 2013 and 2018 in Hunan, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052599 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2599

Author(s):

Zhenzhen Rao ◽

Junjie Hua ◽

Ruotong Li ◽

Yanhong Fu ◽

Jie Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Circulatory System ◽

Population Based ◽

Hunan Province ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Chi Square ◽

Circulatory System Diseases ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Urban Rural ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Recent changes in population-based prevalence for circulatory system diseases (CSDs) remain unreported either nationally or locally for China. Data were from the two-round health service household interview survey of Hunan Province, China, in 2013 and 2018. A Rao–Scott chi-square test was performed to examine prevalence differences across socio-demographic variables. The overall age-standardized prevalence of CSDs increased substantially between 2013 and 2018 for inhabitants aged 20 years and older (14.25% vs. 21.25%; adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.24–2.04). Hypertensive disease was the most prevalent type of CSD, accounting for 87.24% and 83.83% of all CSDs in 2013 and in 2018, respectively. After controlling for other socio-demographic factors, the prevalence of CSDs was significantly higher in 2018 (adjusted OR = 1.40), urban residents (adjusted OR = 1.43), females (adjusted OR = 1.12) and older age groups (adjusted OR = 5.36 for 50–59 years, 9.51 for 60–69 years, 15.19 for 70–79 years, and 12.90 for 80 years and older) than in 2013, rural residents, males and the youngest age group (20–49 years). The recent increase in the overall age-standardized CSD prevalence and the large prevalence disparities across urban/rural residents, sex and age groups merit the attention of policymakers and researchers. Further prevention efforts are needed to curb the increasing tendency and to reduce the prevalence of disparities across socio-demographic groups.

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Shift Work and Dry Eye Disease in the Korean Working Population: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105492 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5492

Author(s):

Joonho Ahn ◽

So-Jung Ryu ◽

Jihun Song ◽

Hyoung-Ryoul Kim

Keyword(s):

Shift Work ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Shift Workers ◽

Chi Square Test

This study aimed to evaluate the association between shift work and dry eye disease (DED) in the general population. The 2011 Korea Health Panel (KHP) was used. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between shift work and DED. Stratification analysis was conducted by sex and age. Overall, the odds ratio (OR) of DED according to shift work did not showed significant results (adjusted OR = 1.230, 95% CI 0.758–1.901). When findings were stratified based on age older or younger than 40 years, the OR of DED increased to 2.85 (95% CI: 1.25–5.90) in shift workers under 40 years of age. Our results show an association between shift work and DED in a group of younger subjects.

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Characteristics of falls in elderly persons residing in the community: a population-based study

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-22562017020.170080 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 691-701 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Suzana Albuquerque de Moraes ◽

Wuber Jefferson Sousa Soares ◽

Lygia Paccini Lustosa ◽

Tereza Loffredo Bilton ◽

Eduardo Ferrioli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Population Based ◽

The State ◽

Elderly Persons ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Chi Square Test

Abstract Object: to examine the characteristics to the last fall of Brazilian elderly persons who experienced falls in 2008 and 2009, and to identify if there is a relationship with sociodemographic characteristics, physical health, comorbidities, clinical conditions and the circumstances of the falls. Methods: a cross-sectional, population based study was carried out with participants aged 65 and older from Barueri in the state of São Paulo and Cuiabá in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Households were enrolled within each census region according to population density and the number of elderly persons living in each region. A multidimensional questionnaire composed of sociodemographic factors and data regarding falls was used. Associations were analyzed using contingency tables, and Fisher's Exact or Pearson's Chi-square test was used. Results: 774 elderly people were included in the study, 299 of whom reported falling in the previous year. Of these, 176 (58.9%) had fallen once and 123 (41.1%) reported having fallen twice or more. Among fallers the mean age was 72.53 (±6.12) years and 214 (71.6%) were female. About 107 (35.8%) of the elderly reported having fallen forwards, 79 (26.4%) fell to the side and 42(14%) fell backwards. Regarding the circumstances of the falls, 107 (35.8%) reported having lost their balance, 79 (26.4%) said they had stumbled and 42 (14%) said they had slipped. There was an association between the mechanism and circumstances of the falls and having fallen once or twice or more. There was an association between the circumstances of falls and the number of medications taken. Conclusion: The characteristics of falls were different among elderly persons who had fallen once or twice or more, which may guide health professionals, the elderly and their families in relation to specific fall prevention strategies.

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Prevalence and factors associated with underweight among Brazilian older adults

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-81232018247.21512017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (7) ◽

pp. 2443-2452

Author(s):

Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo Francisco ◽

Daniela de Assumpção ◽

Flávia Silva Arbex Borim ◽

Deborah Carvalho Malta

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Population Based ◽

Northern Region ◽

The Body ◽

Individual Factors ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Chi Square Test

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of underweight among older adults according to socio-demographic characteristics in different regions of Brazil as well as determine associated contextual and individual factors. Cross-sectional population-based study with older adults (≥ 65 years) interviewed by telephone survey in 2014. The body mass index was calculated based on weight and height. Associations were determined using Pearson’s chi-square test, considering a 5% significance level. Adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated using multilevel Poisson regression. Mean age was 73.3 years and the prevalence of underweight was 15.6% (95%CI: 14.1-17.1%). Higher prevalence rates of underweight were found among women, individuals aged ≥ 80 years, smokers and those who reported the regular consumption of beans. The prevalence rate of underweight was lower among those who reported abusive alcohol intake and those with a medical diagnosis of hypertension. The northern region of the country had the highest prevalence of underweight after adjusting for associated individual factors. The findings demonstrate the subgroups with higher prevalence rates of underweight that demand greater attention from the health services in terms of recovering of an adequate nutritional status.

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Prevalence of low back pain and associated factors in adults from a middle-size Brazilian city

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-81232015205.02162014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 1575-1582 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Everton Alex Carvalho Zanuto ◽

Jamile Sanches Codogno ◽

Diego Giulliano Destro Christófaro ◽

Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei ◽

Jefferson Rosa Cardoso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Low Back ◽

Obese People ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test

Objective: To determine the prevalence of low back pain and some related variables among adults of both genders.Methods: Was conduct a cross-sectional study of population-based in the urban area of Presidente Prudente, São Paulo. The sample consisted of 743 adult residents for over two years in this city. Low back pain, quality of sleep and physical activity were collected through face to face interview at the residence of respondents. Was used the chi-square test to analyze the association between variables, later was created tree multivariate models with hierarchical inclusion of confounding factors.Results: The prevalence of low back pain reported last year was 50.2% (95% CI: 46.6, 53.8), and the last week 32.3% (95% CI: 28.9, 35.6). Was association among low back pain and females (p-value = 0.031), older age, lower education, altered sleep and overweight, the adjusted model found that people over the age of 45 years (45 to 59.9 years, OR = 13.1 [1.72-98.5] and ≥ 60 years, OR = 9.10 [1.15-71.7]), with some alteration of sleep (OR = 3.21 [1.84-5.61]) and obese (OR = 2.33 [1:26 to 4:33]) seems to be a risk group for low back pain.Conclusion: The prevalence of low back pain is high and obese people aged over 45 years, with any sleep disturbance are a group at higher risk for low back pain.

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The impact of front of package label design on consumer understanding of nutrient amounts among residents of the urban area in Chennai

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4434 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽

pp. 2141-2148

Author(s):

Viswanath B ◽

Manju ◽

Timsi Jain

Keyword(s):

Urban Area ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Nutritional Knowledge ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Essential Information ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Nutrient Amounts ◽

The Impact

The producer, selling and utilisation of packed nourishments have supported a preeminent flood lately in India. Food labelling is one of the vital population-based methods that can help customers make beneficial food selections by offering essential information about the food on the packaging. The present study aims to assess the impact of front of package label design on consumer understanding of nutrient amounts among residents of the urban area in Chennai. A cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban area in Chennai. Four hundred participants were studied by convenient sampling method. Participants were from 18 years age and above. The study duration was about three months. A pretested and semi-structured questionnaire was given, and the desired information was elicited. Data was then analysed with the help of statistical package for the social sciences software (SPSS). Chi-square test was done to test the significance (p<0.05). The mean age was of the participants was found to be 27.52 ± 11SD. About 63% of participants preferred packed foods over unpacked foods. And 68% of participants have nutritional knowledge and looked into nutrition facts on the back of the pack. Association of gender and socioeconomic class with knowledge of participants were found to be insignificant. Association of occupation with the frequency of purchasing packed food products was significant. Many people look into the nutrition facts table and do not understand and fail to interpret. It is important to provide front of pack labels for better understanding of the consumers.

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Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) related to brushing teeth with powered toothbrush among doctors: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.21547/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yanhao Wang ◽

Lin Jiang

Keyword(s):

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Behaviors ◽

And Behaviors ◽

Regional Product ◽

Powered Toothbrush ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Abstract Background This study was to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) regarding brushing teeth with powered toothbrush among doctors. Methods This population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted by using a self-administered questionnaire regarding powered toothbrush based on the KAB model. Multistage cluster sampling was used to enrol doctors. Results A total of 403 doctors were included in the study. The proportion of “need to be strengthen” on knowledge, attitude and behaviors was 68.0 percent, 71.0 percent and 80.4 percent, respectively. The usage rate of powered toothbrush was low in doctors (12.2 percent). Doctors from dental department had higher knowledge (p<0.001) and attitude (p<0.01) scores than the doctors from non-dental department. Doctors from the district with a higher gross regional product had higher knowledge (p<0.01) and behaviors score (p<0.001), and doctors from higher-level hospitals had higher knowledge (p<0.001). Using powered toothpaste was positively associated with the knowledge (p<0.001), attitude (p<0.05) and behaviors (p<0.001) scores. Conclusions The majority of doctors’ knowledge, attitude and behaviors regarding powered toothbrush were needed to be strengthened. Specific health education is needed to improve the knowledge, attitude and behaviors regarding powered toothbrush.

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Barriers for the use of outdoor gyms in adults and elderly from a southern city of Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde ◽

10.12820/rbafs.25e0159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Gabriel Gustavo Bergmann ◽

Anne Ribeiro Streb ◽

Marcos Ferrari ◽

Deivid Cristiano Cooper Alves ◽

Bruna Adamar Castelhano Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Educational Level ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Population Based ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Socioeconomic Variables ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Barriers To Use ◽

Southern City

The aim of this study was to identify barriers to use Outdoor Gyms (OGs) for physical activity (PA) practice and to examine their association with leisure-time PA, demographic and socioeconomic variables in adults and elderly. This cross-sectional population-based study enrolled 431 adults and elderly (66.8% women) aged 18 to 87 years living in the surroundings (up to 500 meters) of four OGs. Information about using OGs for PA practice, barriers to use OGs, leisure-time PA, demographic and socioeconomic variables were collected by domiciliary interview. Associations between barriers to use OGs with other included variables were analyzed using Chi-Square test. None barriers was reported for 29.2% (95%CI: 24.9-33.5) of the participants, being almost of then OGs’ users. The most reported barriers to use OGs were lack of time (21.6%; 95%CI: 17.7-25.5), lack of interest (16.5%; 95%CI: 13.0-20.0) and laziness (10.7%; 95%CI: 7.8-13.6). Intrapersonal barriers were more often among men, interpersonal among women and environmental among those with less educational level (p < 0.05). In conclusion, OGs’ users perceived fewer barriers than non-users, and most barriers to the use of OGs were intrapersonal with lack of time being the most prevalent.

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Prevalence and factors associated with the need for removable prostheses in brazilian elderly

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20796 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e499101220796

Author(s):

Nataska de Oliveira ◽

Laércio Almeida de Melo ◽

Ronaldo Luís Almeida de Carvalho ◽

Júlio César Brigolini de Faria ◽

Beatriz de Pedro Netto Mendonça ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Negative Impact ◽

The Elderly ◽

Population Based ◽

National Health Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Removable Prosthesis ◽

Chi Square Test

Objective: This study aimed to identify the prevalence and factors associated with the need for removable prostheses in the elderly Brazilian population. In addition, its impact on eating difficulties and self-perceived oral health was determined. Methodology: This cross-sectional, population-based study used data from the last National Health Survey (NHS) carried out in Brazil. Chi-square test was used to initially analyze the data, followed by multiple Poisson regression to obtain adjusted prevalence ratios. Results: A total of 11,697 elderly people were included, of whom 90.8% needed removable prostheses. Complete dentures were needed in 40.9% of participants, while partial dentures were needed by 49.9%. The elderly who were older (p=0.001), had grayish-brown complexion (p=0.004), a low level of education (p<0.001), and multiple chronic diseases (p<0.001) had a greater need for removable prostheses. Successively, this need had an impact on poor self-perceived oral health (p<0.001) and greater difficulties in eating (p<0.001). Conclusion: The need for a removable prosthesis is associated with worse socioeconomic and health conditions. In addition, it has a negative impact on self-perceived oral health and feeding.

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