scholarly journals Projection of gut microbiome pre and post bariatric surgery to predict surgery outcome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
yoram louzoun ◽  
Meirav Ben Izhak ◽  
Ruti Cohen ◽  
Liora Madar Shapiro ◽  
Hamutal Meiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Surgery Outcome ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Main Components

Abstract Background: Bariatric surgery is often the preferred method to resolve obesity and diabetes, with ~800,000 cases worldwide yearly and high outcome variability. The ability to predict the long-term BMI change following surgery has important implications on individuals and the health care system in general. Given the tight connection between eating habits, sugar consumption, BMI and the gut microbiome, we tested whether the microbiome before any treatment is associated with different treatment outcomes, as well as other intakes (HDL, Triglycerides, etc.).Results: A projection of the gut microbiome composition of obese (sampled before and after bariatric surgery) and slim patients into principal components was performed and the relation between this projection and surgery outcome was studied. The projection reveals 3 different microbiome profiles belonging to slim, obese and obese who underwent bariatric surgery, with post-surgery more different from the slim than the obese. The same projection allows for a prediction of BMI loss following bariatric surgery, using only the pre-surgery microbiome. A different projection is associated with sugar metabolism and A1C levels. Conclusions: - the gut microbiome can be naturally decomposed into main components depicting the patient's development and predicting in advance the outcome. Those may be translated into a better clinical management of obese individuals planning to undergo metabolic surgery.

scholarly journals Projection of gut microbiome pre and post-bariatric surgery to predict surgery outcome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meirav Ben Izhak ◽  
Adi Eshel ◽  
Ruti Cohen ◽  
Liora Madar Shapiro ◽  
Hamutal Meiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
List Type ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Surgery Outcome ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Before And After

AbstractBackgroundBariatric surgery is often the preferred method to resolve obesity and diabetes, with ~800,000 cases worldwide yearly and high outcome variability. The ability to predict the long-term Body Mass Index (BMI) change following surgery has important implications on individuals and the health care system in general. Given the tight connection between eating habits, sugar consumption, BMI, and the gut microbiome, we tested whether the microbiome before any treatment is associated with different treatment outcomes, as well as other intakes (high-density lipoproteins (HDL), Triglycerides, etc.).ResultsA projection of the gut microbiome composition of obese (sampled before and after bariatric surgery) and slim patients into principal components was performed and the relation between this projection and surgery outcome was studied. The projection reveals 3 different microbiome profiles belonging to slim, obese, and obese who underwent bariatric surgery, with post-surgery more different from the slim than the obese. The same projection allowed for a prediction of BMI loss following bariatric surgery, using only the pre-surgery microbiome.ConclusionsThe gut microbiome can be decomposed into main components depicting the patient’s development and predicting in advance the outcome. Those may be translated into better clinical management of obese individuals planning to undergo metabolic surgery.ImportanceBMI and diabetes can affect the gut microbiome composition.Bariatric surgery has large variabilities in outcome.The microbiome was previously shown to be a good predictor for multiple diseases.We analyzed here the gut microbiome before and after bariatric surgery and show that: The microbiome before surgery can be used to predict surgery outcome.Post-surgery microbiome drifts further away from the slim microbiome than pre-surgery obese patients.These results can lead to a microbiome-based pre-surgery decision whether to perform surgery.

scholarly journals Projection of Gut Microbiome Pre- and Post-Bariatric Surgery To Predict Surgery Outcome

mSystems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meirav Ben Izhak ◽  
Adi Eshel ◽  
Ruti Cohen ◽  
Liora Madar-Shapiro ◽  
Hamutal Meiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Surgery Outcome ◽  
Post Bariatric Surgery

BMI and diabetes can affect the gut microbiome composition. Bariatric surgery has large variabilities in the outcome.

scholarly journals Fecal Metaproteomics Reveals Reduced Gut Inflammation and Changed Microbial Metabolism Following Lifestyle-Induced Weight Loss

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 726
Author(s):  
Ronald Biemann ◽  
Enrico Buß ◽  
Dirk Benndorf ◽  
Theresa Lehmann ◽  
Kay Schallert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Gut Inflammation ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Human Proteins

Gut microbiota-mediated inflammation promotes obesity-associated low-grade inflammation, which represents a hallmark of metabolic syndrome. To investigate if lifestyle-induced weight loss (WL) may modulate the gut microbiome composition and its interaction with the host on a functional level, we analyzed the fecal metaproteome of 33 individuals with metabolic syndrome in a longitudinal study before and after lifestyle-induced WL in a well-defined cohort. The 6-month WL intervention resulted in reduced BMI (−13.7%), improved insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR, −46.1%), and reduced levels of circulating hsCRP (−39.9%), indicating metabolic syndrome reversal. The metaprotein spectra revealed a decrease of human proteins associated with gut inflammation. Taxonomic analysis revealed only minor changes in the bacterial composition with an increase of the families Desulfovibrionaceae, Leptospiraceae, Syntrophomonadaceae, Thermotogaceae and Verrucomicrobiaceae. Yet we detected an increased abundance of microbial metaprotein spectra that suggest an enhanced hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates. Hence, lifestyle-induced WL was associated with reduced gut inflammation and functional changes of human and microbial enzymes for carbohydrate hydrolysis while the taxonomic composition of the gut microbiome remained almost stable. The metaproteomics workflow has proven to be a suitable method for monitoring inflammatory changes in the fecal metaproteome.

scholarly journals Metformin Strongly Affects Gut Microbiome Composition in High-Fat Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mouse Model of Both Sexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Silamiķele ◽  
Ivars Silamiķelis ◽  
Monta Ustinova ◽  
Zane Kalniņa ◽  
Ilze Elbere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Metformin Treatment ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Diabetes Mouse

Effects of metformin, the first-line drug for type 2 diabetes therapy, on gut microbiome composition in type 2 diabetes have been described in various studies both in human subjects and animals. However, the details of the molecular mechanisms of metformin action have not been fully understood. Moreover, there is a significant lack of information on how metformin affects gut microbiome composition in female mouse models, depending on sex and metabolic status in well controlled experimental setting. Our study aimed to examine metformin-induced alterations in gut microbiome diversity, composition, and functional implications of high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes mouse model, using, for the first time in mice study, the shotgun metagenomic sequencing that allows estimation of microorganisms at species level. We also employed a randomized block, factorial study design, and including 24 experimental units allocated to 8 treatment groups to systematically evaluate the effect of sex and metabolic status on metformin interaction with microbiome. We used DNA obtained from fecal samples representing gut microbiome before and after ten weeks-long metformin treatment. We identified 100 metformin-related differentially abundant species in high-fat diet-fed mice before and after the treatment, with most of the species relative abundances increased. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in control diet-fed mice. Functional analysis targeted to carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism pathways revealed 14 significantly altered hierarchies. We also observed sex-specific differences in response to metformin treatment. Males experienced more pronounced changes in metabolic markers, while in females the extent of changes in gut microbiome representatives was more marked, indicated by 53 differentially abundant species with more remarkable Log fold changes compared to the combined-sex analysis. The same pattern manifested regarding the functional analysis, where we discovered 5 significantly affected hierarchies in female groups but not in males. Our results suggest that both sexes of animals should be included in future studies focusing on metformin effects on the gut microbiome.

scholarly journals The relationship between specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, morbid obesity and weight loss after bariatric surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Schulte ◽  
Abdul Aziz Asbeutah ◽  
Peter N. Benotti ◽  
G. Craig Wood ◽  
Christopher Still ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Diabetes Remission ◽  
Lipid Mediators ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Obese Subjects

AbstractObesity and diabetes are associated with chronic inflammation. Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs)—resolvins (Rv), protectins (PD) and maresins (MaR)—actively resolve inflammation. Bariatric surgery achieves remission of diabetes, but mechanisms are unclear. We measured SPMs and proinflammatory eicosanoid levels using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in 29 morbidly obese subjects (13 with diabetes) and 15 nondiabetic, mildly obese subjects. Compared to the mildly obese, the morbidly obese had higher levels of SPMs—RvD3, RvD4 and PD1—and white blood cells (WBC) and platelets. Post-surgery, SPM and platelet levels decreased in morbidly obese nondiabetic subjects but not in diabetic subjects, suggesting continued inflammation. Despite similar weight reductions 1 year after surgery (44.6% vs. 46.6%), 8 diabetes remitters had significant reductions in WBC and platelet counts whereas five non-remitters did not. Remitters had a 58.2% decrease (p = 0.03) in 14-HDHA, a maresin pathway marker; non-remitters had an 875.7% increase in 14-HDHA but a 36.9% decrease in MaR1 to a median of 0. In conclusion, higher levels of RvD3, PD1 and their pathway marker, 17-HDHA, are markers of leukocyte activation and inflammation in morbid obesity and diabetes and diminish with weight loss in nondiabetic but not diabetic subjects, possibly representing sustained inflammation in the latter. Lack of diabetes remission after surgically-induced weight loss may be associated with reduced ability to produce MaR1 and sustained inflammation.

scholarly journals The Clinical Effectiveness and Cost Effectiveness of Bariatric Metabolic Surgery for Obese with Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Patients In Malaysia - A Study Protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1634-1634
Author(s):  
Jo Ann Galvan ◽  
Karuthan Chinna ◽  
Rusli Nordin ◽  
Nik Kosai Mahmood ◽  
Chin Kin Fah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

Abstract Objectives Bariatric Surgery is a major breakthrough in diabetes care. Complete remission is attainable in a great percentage of patients. However, there is slow progress in this procedure in Malaysia. With the overwhelming rate of obesity and diabetes in the country, the potential advantage of this treatment modality is underestimated. Conventional diabetes care only controls 22% of the diabetics and healthcare expenditure has ballooned due to complications costs amounting to at least RM 2 billion in a year eating up 10% of the government's budget on healthcare. Furthermore, this burden will increase in the next decades as diabetes is predicted to increase by 69% by 2030. While this procedure is beneficial, it is an expensive intervention with risks of complications. This raises the question of whether bariatric surgery is cost-effective in the context of this country? Evidence must be available to decision-makers weighing the risk-benefit ratio of the procedure. This study aims to assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of bariatric surgery in managing obesity among the Malaysian population. It will specifically investigate the short term and long-term effects of the procedure investigating anthropometric and metabolic disease blood indicator changes while assessing direct, indirect costs, QALYs gained and complications associated with the procedure. Methods We will review charts of all patients who have undergone bariatric surgery procedures from 2014 to 2016 in HUKM, Department of Surgery and in Andrea Bariatric Surgery Clinic. We will look at their weight, BMI, and some blood parameter results before and after surgery one-year post-surgery for the short-term effect and 3–5 years post-surgery for the long-term effect. We will also assess the mortality risks and complications of the procedures. Study Population: All patients who underwent Bariatric Surgery procedures from 2014–206 in HUKM and in Andrea Bariatric Surgery ClinicStudy Site/Location: HUKM, Department of Surgery & Andrea Bariatric Surgery Clinic Results N/A - Study Protocol Conclusions The result of this study can contribute to the decision making of patients, doctors, and Health Insurance Companies in Malaysia Funding Sources Center for Research Management, Taylor's University.

scholarly journals Evaluation of quality of life in severely obese patients after bariatric surgery carried out in the public healthcare system

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Khawali ◽  
Marcos Bosi Ferraz ◽  
Maria Tereza Zanella ◽  
Sandra R. G. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Public Healthcare System ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Severely Obese

OBJECTIVES: To assess QoL of obese patients in the Brazilian public healthcare system, before and after bariatric surgery, and to determine the appropriateness of the Moorehead-Ardelt Questionnaire II (M-A-QoLQII) compared with the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-one severe obese patients in a waiting-list, and 84 patients who underwent bariatric surgery were included. Correlations were tested and reliability determined by the Cronbach's coefficient. RESULTS: BMI differed between the pre- and post-surgery groups (52.3 ± 8.3 kg/m² vs. 32.5 ± 6.4 kg/m², p < 0.001). The latter showed better scores in the SF-36 domains than in the pre-surgery. SF-36 and M-A-QoLQII categories were correlated (r = 0.53, 0.49 and 0.47, for vitality, mental health, and general health domains, p < 0.001). In the logistic regression, age, previous BMI, and loss of excess weight were associated with functional capacity. CONCLUSIONS: The outcomes of bariatric surgery obtained in a Brazilian public healthcare center were successful. M-A-QoLII represents a useful tool to assess surgery outcomes, including QoL.

scholarly journals Metabolic and gut microbiome changes following GLP-1 or dual GLP-1/GLP-2 receptor agonist treatment in diet-induced obese mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Simone Aae Madsen ◽  
Jacob Bak Holm ◽  
Albert Pallejà ◽  
Pernille Wismann ◽  
Katrine Fabricius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Shotgun Metagenomics ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide

Abstract Enteroendocrine L-cell derived peptide hormones, notably glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), have become important targets in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, obesity and intestinal diseases. As gut microbial imbalances and maladaptive host responses have been implicated in the pathology of obesity and diabetes, this study aimed to determine the effects of pharmacologically stimulated GLP-1 and GLP-2 receptor function on the gut microbiome composition in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. DIO mice received treatment with a selective GLP-1 receptor agonist (liraglutide, 0.2 mg/kg, BID) or dual GLP-1/GLP-2 receptor agonist (GUB09–145, 0.04 mg/kg, BID) for 4 weeks. Both compounds suppressed caloric intake, promoted a marked weight loss, improved glucose tolerance and reduced plasma cholesterol levels. 16S rDNA sequencing and deep-sequencing shotgun metagenomics was applied for comprehensive within-subject profiling of changes in gut microbiome signatures. Compared to baseline, DIO mice assumed phylogenetically similar gut bacterial compositional changes following liraglutide and GUB09-145 treatment, characterized by discrete shifts in low-abundant species and related bacterial metabolic pathways. The microbiome alterations may potentially associate to the converging biological actions of GLP-1 and GLP-2 receptor signaling on caloric intake, glucose metabolism and lipid handling.

scholarly journals Differences in Gut Microbiome Composition Between Sympatric Wild and Allopatric Laboratory Populations of Omnivorous Cockroaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara A. Tinker ◽  
Elizabeth A. Ottesen
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Laboratory Environment ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Microbiome Diversity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
Gut Microbial Community

Gut microbiome composition is determined by a complex interplay of host genetics, founder’s effects, and host environment. We are using omnivorous cockroaches as a model to disentangle the relative contribution of these factors. Cockroaches are a useful model for host–gut microbiome interactions due to their rich hindgut microbial community, omnivorous diet, and gregarious lifestyle. In this study, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to compare the gut microbial community of allopatric laboratory populations of Periplaneta americana as well as sympatric, wild-caught populations of P. americana and Periplaneta fuliginosa, before and after a 14 day period of acclimatization to a common laboratory environment. Our results showed that the gut microbiome of cockroaches differed by both species and rearing environment. The gut microbiome from the sympatric population of wild-captured cockroaches showed strong separation based on host species. Laboratory-reared and wild-captured cockroaches from the same species also exhibited distinct gut microbiome profiles. Each group of cockroaches had a unique signature of differentially abundant uncharacterized taxa still present after laboratory cultivation. Transition to the laboratory environment resulted in decreased microbiome diversity for both species of wild-caught insects. Interestingly, although laboratory cultivation resulted in similar losses of microbial diversity for both species, it did not cause the gut microbiome of those species to become substantially more similar. These results demonstrate how competing factors impact the gut microbiome and highlight the need for a greater understanding of host–microbiome interactions.

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