scholarly journals Thermal effects of monopolar electrosurgery detected by real-time infrared thermography: an experimental appendectomy study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taras Nechay ◽  
Svetlana M. Titkova ◽  
Mikhail V. Anurov ◽  
Elena V. Mikhalchik ◽  
Kirill Y. Melnikov-Makarchyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Intestinal Loop ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Tissue Heating ◽  
Thermal Spread ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Monopolar Electrosurgery

Abstract Purposes. Monopolar energy (ME) is routinely used in appendectomy. This study aimed to investigate the degree of lateral thermal spread generated by ME and to evaluate the thermal injury sustained by the close-lying tissues. Materials and methods. Appendectomy with a monopolar Maryland dissector was performed in 8 rabbits (at 30 and 60 W power settings). A high-resolution infrared camera was used to record tissue heating during the intervention. After autopsy macroscopic changes were evaluated and tissue samples were subjected to myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay and histological examination. Results. No significant differences in the extent of thermal spread, MPO activity and histological signs of inflammation were observed between groups. Regardless of the power settings, the heat spread exceeded 2 cm laterally along the mesoappendix when application time exceeded 3 s. The spread of heat through tubular structures in both groups caused a significant temperature rise in the nearby intestinal loop, resulting in perforation (n=3) and necrosis (n=1). Conclusions. Application time is critical in thermal spread during appendectomy aided by ME. Tubular anatomic structures can enhance thermal injury on distant tissues. The observed effects of ME bear clinical relevance that need further investigation.

The medicolegal risks of thermal injury during laparoscopic monopolar electrosurgery

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Perantinides ◽  
Antonios P. Tsarouhas ◽  
Van S. Katzman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Monopolar Electrosurgery

Thermal Processes in Bile Ducts During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with Monopolar Instruments. Experimental Study Using Real-Time Intraluminal and Surface Thermography

2020 ◽  
pp. 155335062097982
Author(s):  
Taras Nechay ◽  
Alexander Sazhin ◽  
Svetlana Titkova ◽  
Mikhail Anurov ◽  
Alexander Tyagunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Bile Ducts ◽  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Tissue Temperature ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Tissue Heating ◽  
Signal Amplifier

Introduction. A significant rate of complications during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) occurs due to thermal injury caused by monopolar electrosurgery (MES) equipment. Most of them manifest weeks and months after surgery with the common bile duct (CBD) and large duodenal papilla strictures, some in the early postoperative period with bile leaks. Objective. To study thermal processes occurring in the lumen and on the surface of the bile ducts during monopolar coagulation in a porcine model of LC. Methods. The temperature of the bile ducts was measured using instrumentation consisted of biliary stent with temperature sensors, which was inserted in the porcine CBD, signal amplifier, and current sense transformer. Surface temperature was measured with a scientific grade thermal camera. Cholecystectomy was performed using a standard “critical view of safety” (CVS) approach with 5 mm monopolar laparoscopic instruments. Results. Application of MES caused significant tissue heating. Lateral thermal spread and the rate of tissue heating depended on the duration of energy application and the initial tissue temperature. In 5 out of 6 experiments, the intraluminal temperature rose up to the critical threshold, and the exposure time ranged from 54 to 560 seconds. A sensor positioned at the papilla site was heated in all the experiments but still below the cell damage inducing threshold. The analysis of thermographic charts revealed the presence of the “current channeling” effect and the pedicle effect. Conclusion. There is a possibility of a direct and delayed thermal injury to the bile ducts during LC.

scholarly journals Improving Voice Outcomes After Thyroid Surgery – Review of Safety Parameters for Using Energy-Based Devices Near the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Joanna Wang ◽  
Tzu-Yen Huang ◽  
Che-Wei Wu ◽  
Yi-Chu Lin ◽  
Hsin-Yi Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Cooling Time ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Thermal Spread ◽  
Safety Parameters

Technological advances in thyroid surgery have rapidly increased in recent decades. Specifically, recently developed energy-based devices (EBDs) enable simultaneous dissection and sealing tissue. EBDs have many advantages in thyroid surgery, such as reduced blood loss, lower rate of post-operative hypocalcemia, and shorter operation time. However, the rate of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury during EBD use has shown statistically inconsistent. EBDs generate high temperature that can cause iatrogenic thermal injury to the RLN by direct or indirect thermal spread. This article reviews relevant medical literatures of conventional electrocauteries and different mechanisms of current EBDs, and compares two safety parameters: safe distance and cooling time. In general, conventional electrocautery generates higher temperature and wider thermal spread range, but when applying EBDs near the RLN adequate activation distance and cooling time are still required to avoid inadvertent thermal injury. To improve voice outcomes in the quality-of-life era, surgeons should observe safety parameters and follow the standard procedures when using EBDs near the RLN in thyroid surgery

Temperature differentials between the bodies and tails of ribbon snakes (Thamnophis sauritus): ecological and physiological implications

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Amiel ◽  
Richard Wassersug
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
T Test ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Thermal Data ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

AbstractWe present evidence that eastern ribbon snakes (Thamnophis sauritus) at low environmental temperatures can maintain significant temperature differentials between their bodies and tails. We used a high resolution infrared camera to record thermal data from ribbon snakes in the spring and summer. An independent two sample t-test confirmed that ribbon snakes at low spring environmental temperatures maintain significantly warmer bodies than tails relative to ribbon snakes at high summer environmental temperatures (t = 5.495, P < 0.001). Given our results that ribbon snakes at low environmental temperatures are able to maintain body temperatures higher than tail temperatures, we speculate on possible mechanisms that could account for these temperature differentials and their ecological significance.

Measurement of Tissue Thermal Conductivity With Variable Thermal Dose During an Electrosurgical Joining Process

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che-Hao Yang ◽  
Samantha Kaonis ◽  
Roland K. Chen ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Thermal Dose ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Tissue Properties ◽  
Inverse Heat Transfer ◽  
Degree Burn ◽  
Thermal Spread ◽  
Joining Process

Electrosurgical vessel joining is commonly performed in surgical procedures to maintain hemostasis. This process requires elevated temperature to denature the tissue and while compression is applied, the tissue can be joined together. The elevated temperature can cause thermal damages to the surrounding tissues. In order to minimize these damages, it is critical to understand how the tissue properties change and how that affects the thermal spread. This study used porcine aorta arterial tissue to investigate tissue thermal conductivity with variable thermal dose. Seven joining times (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, and 6 seconds) were used to create different amounts of thermal dose. A hybrid method that uses both experimental measurement and inverse heat transfer analysis was conducted to determine the thermal conductivity of thin tissue samples. In general, the tissue thermal conductivity decreases when thermal dose increases. Accordingly, 36% decrease in tissue thermal conductivity was found when the thermal dose reaches the threshold for second-degree burn (with 2-second joining time). When thermal dose is beyond the threshold of third-degree burn, the tissue thermal conductivity does not decrease significantly. A regression model was also developed and can be used to predict tissue thermal conductivity based on the thermal dose.

In situ microprobe quantitation of inorganic particle burden in paraffin sections of lung tissue

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 990-991
Author(s):  
Jerrold L. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Data Result

Inorganic particulate material of diverse types is present in the ambient and occupational environment, and exposure to such materials is a well recognized cause of some lung disease. To investigate the interaction of inhaled inorganic particulates with the lung it is necessary to obtain quantitative information on the particulate burden of lung tissue in a wide variety of situations. The vast majority of diagnostic and experimental tissue samples (biopsies and autopsies) are fixed with formaldehyde solutions, dehydrated with organic solvents and embedded in paraffin wax. Over the past 16 years, I have attempted to obtain maximal analytical use of such tissue with minimal preparative steps. Unique diagnostic and research data result from both qualitative and quantitative analyses of sections. Most of the data has been related to inhaled inorganic particulates in lungs, but the basic methods are applicable to any tissues. The preparations are primarily designed for SEM use, but they are stable for storage and transport to other laboratories and several other instruments (e.g., for SIMS techniques).

Labelling of non-A, non-B hepatitis infected chimpanzee hepatocytes with nuclease-gold conjugates

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 250-251
Author(s):  
G. D. Gagne ◽  
M. F. Miller ◽  
D. A. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cellular Injury ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Infected Chimpanzee

Experimental infection of chimpanzees with non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANB) or with delta agent hepatitis results in the appearance of characteristic cytoplasmic alterations in the hepatocytes. These alterations include spongelike inclusions (Type I), attached convoluted membranes (Type II), tubular structures (Type III), and microtubular aggregates (Type IV) (Fig. 1). Type I, II and III structures are, by association, believed to be derived from endoplasmic reticulum and may be morphogenetically related. Type IV structures are generally observed free in the cytoplasm but sometimes in the vicinity of type III structures. It is not known whether these structures are somehow involved in the replication and/or assembly of the putative NANB virus or whether they are simply nonspecific responses to cellular injury. When treated with uranyl acetate, type I, II and III structures stain intensely as if they might contain nucleic acids. If these structures do correspond to intermediates in the replication of a virus, one might expect them to contain DNA or RNA and the present study was undertaken to explore this possibility.

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