In situ microprobe quantitation of inorganic particle burden in paraffin sections of lung tissue

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 990-991
Author(s):  
Jerrold L. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Data Result

Inorganic particulate material of diverse types is present in the ambient and occupational environment, and exposure to such materials is a well recognized cause of some lung disease. To investigate the interaction of inhaled inorganic particulates with the lung it is necessary to obtain quantitative information on the particulate burden of lung tissue in a wide variety of situations. The vast majority of diagnostic and experimental tissue samples (biopsies and autopsies) are fixed with formaldehyde solutions, dehydrated with organic solvents and embedded in paraffin wax. Over the past 16 years, I have attempted to obtain maximal analytical use of such tissue with minimal preparative steps. Unique diagnostic and research data result from both qualitative and quantitative analyses of sections. Most of the data has been related to inhaled inorganic particulates in lungs, but the basic methods are applicable to any tissues. The preparations are primarily designed for SEM use, but they are stable for storage and transport to other laboratories and several other instruments (e.g., for SIMS techniques).

HER-2/neu Analysis in Archival Tissue Samples of Human Breast Cancer: Comparison of Immunohistochemistry and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Lebeau ◽  
Daniela Deimling ◽  
Christine Kaltz ◽  
Andrea Sendelhofert ◽  
Anette Iff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Her 2

PURPOSE: The objective of our study was to compare the methods used in the literature to analyze HER-2/neu status on archival breast cancer tissue. Therefore, a series of antibodies was evaluated to assess their immunohistochemical (IHC) sensitivity in correlation to gene amplification determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: HER-2/neu overexpression was studied on paraffin sections of 85 invasive breast cancers using a panel of five monoclonal (9G6, 3B5, CB11, TAB250, GSF-HER2) and two polyclonal antibodies (A8010, A0485) in addition to the HercepTest (DAKO, Glostrup, Denmark). HER-2/neu gene amplification was determined by FISH using a dual-color probe (PathVysion; Vysis, Stuttgart-Fasanenhof, Germany). RESULTS: HER-2/neu overexpression was demonstrated in 26% (9G6, TAB250, GSF-HER2), 27% (3B5, CB11), 33% (A8010) and 42% (A0485, HercepTest) of the tumors. FISH on paraffin sections identified gene amplification in 28% of the tumors. Strongly positive IHC results (3+) were always associated with gene amplification. Among the 16 tumors presented with weakly positive IHC results (2+) using the HercepTest, 12 (75%) lacked gene amplification. CONCLUSION: The comparison of IHC and FISH demonstrated an excellent correlation of high-level HER-2/neu overexpression (3+) with gene amplification; ie, FISH does not provide further information in these tumors. However, weakly positive IHC results (2+) obtained with the HercepTest share only a minor association with gene amplification.

scholarly journals Development of medical informatics in China over the past 30 years from a conference perspective and a Sino-American comparison

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e4082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liang ◽  
Kunyan Wei ◽  
Qun Meng ◽  
Zhenying Chen ◽  
Jiajie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Health Reform ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Us ◽  
Chinese Industry ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

BackgroundAs the world’s second-largest economy, China has launched health reforms for the second time and invested significant funding in medical informatics (MI) since 2010; however, few studies have been conducted on the outcomes of this ambitious cause.ObjectiveThis study analyzed the features of major MI meetings held in China and compared them with similar MI conferences in the United States, aiming at informing researchers on the outcomes of MI in China and the US from the professional conference perspective and encouraging greater international cooperation for the advancement of the field of medical informatics in China and, ultimately, the promotion of China’s health reform.MethodsQualitative and quantitative analyses of four MI meetings in China (i.e., CMIAAS, CHINC, CHITEC, and CPMI) and two in the US (i.e., AMIA and HIMSS) were conducted. Furthermore, the size, constituent parts and regional allocation of participants, topics, and fields of research for each meeting were determined and compared.ResultsFrom 1985 to 2016, approximately 45,000 individuals attended the CMIAAS and CPMI (academic), CHINC and CHITEC (industry), resulting in 5,085 documented articles. In contrast, in 2015, 38,000 and 3,700 individuals, respectively, attended the American HIMSS (industry) and AMIA (academic) conferences and published 1,926 papers in the latter. Compared to those of HIMSS in 2015, the meeting duration of Chinese industry CHITEC was 3 vs. 5 days, the number of vendors was 100 vs. 1,500+, the number of sub-forums was 10 vs. 250; while compared to those of AMIA, the meeting duration of Chinese CMIAAS was 2 vs. 8 days, the number of vendors was 5 vs. 65+, the number of sub-forums was 4 vs. 26. HIMSS and AMIA were more open, international, and comprehensive in comparison to the aforementioned Chinese conferences.ConclusionsThe current MI in China can be characterized as “hot in industry application, and cold in academic research.” Taking into consideration the economic scale together with the huge investment in MI, conference yield and attendee diversity are still low in China. This study demonstrates an urgent necessity to elevate the medical informatics discipline in China and to expand research fields in order to maintain pace with the development of medical informatics in the US and other countries.

Qualitative Phase Analysis Using an X-Ray Powder Diffractometer

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
W. N. Schreiner ◽  
C. Surdukowski ◽  
R. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Qualitative Phase ◽  
Self Consistency

During the past three years we have undertaken the development of a complete X-Ray Powder Diffraction, facility with the goal of fully integrating experimental and analytical procedures. Such an approach potentially offers substantially improved performance over previously existing systems by virtue of its internal self-consistency and it opens the possibility of significantly extending analytic procedures for both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Our work to date has resulted in improved performance and significant extensions in both areas, and today I will report on those advances in the area of qualitative analysis.

scholarly journals A Deep Multi-Frame Super-Resolution Network for Dynamic Scenes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3285
Author(s):  
Ze Pan ◽  
Zheng Tan ◽  
Qunbo Lv
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Dynamic Scenes ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spatial Alignment ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

The multi-frame super-resolution techniques have been prosperous over the past two decades. However, little attention has been paid to the combination of deep learning and multi-frame super-resolution. One reason is that most deep learning-based super-resolution methods cannot handle variant numbers of input frames. Another reason is that it is hard to capture accurate temporal and spatial information because of the misalignment of input images. To solve these problems, we propose an optical-flow-based multi-frame super-resolution framework, which is capable of dealing with various numbers of input frames. This framework enables to make full use of the input frames, allowing it to obtain better performance. In addition, we use a spatial subpixel alignment module for more accurate subpixel-wise spatial alignment and introduce a dual weighting module to generate weights for temporal fusion. Both two modules lead to more effective and accurate temporal fusion. We compare our method with other state-of-the-art methods and conduct ablation studies on our method. The results of qualitative and quantitative analyses show that our method achieves state-of-the-art performances, demonstrating the advantage of the designed framework and the necessity of proposed modules.

scholarly journals Preliminary analysis of dermatoglyphs in mummies: a valid recording method

1970 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Salis ◽  
Andrea Giuliano ◽  
Elana La Sala ◽  
Pier Luigi Baina Bollone ◽  
Emma Rabino Massa
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Many Instruments ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
The Many ◽  
Biological Nature

The aim of this work is to develop a methodology that will allow the identification and study of dermatoglyphics in ancient archaeological finds of biological nature. Dermatogliphs are one of the many instruments used as a safe method of personal identification in forensics and in the study of human populations. Because living human groups are the direct descendants of ancient peoples, anthropological studies of mummified remains are of great importance in the reconstruction of the cultural and biological identity of the people of the past. Two feet and a hand of pre-Dynastic mummified remains belonging to the Egyptian Marro collection of the Museum of Anthropology and Etnography of Turin have been evaluated. In order to recuperate papillary signs, the most recent techniques used in forensics have been used. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses have been performed. This work brings together anthropological and forensic knowledge, and opens the opportunity for a new field of studies in which it is possible to apply recent findings in dactiloscopy to ancient mummies.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

Isolation of Asbestos from Lung Tissue and Sputum

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 330-331
Author(s):  
M. G. Williams ◽  
C. Corn ◽  
R. F. Dodson ◽  
G. A. Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
The Past

During this century, interest in the particulate content of the organs and body fluids of those individuals affected by pneumoconiosis, cancer, or other diseases of unknown etiology developed and concern was further prompted with the increasing realization that various foreign particles were associated with or caused disease. Concurrently particularly in the past two decades, a number of methods were devised for isolating particulates from tissue. These methods were recently reviewed by Vallyathan et al. who concluded sodium hypochlorite digestion was both simple and superior to other digestion procedures.

An atomic-resolution microscope study of Al contracts on GaAs

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 726-727
Author(s):  
Z. Liliental-Weber ◽  
C. Nelson ◽  
R. Ludeke ◽  
R. Gronsky ◽  
J. Washburn
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Schottky Contacts ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
Semiconductor Interfaces ◽  
Deposited Metal ◽  
Microwave Applications ◽  
Free Interfaces ◽  
Potential Use

The properties of metal/semiconductor interfaces have received considerable attention over the past few years, and the Al/GaAs system is of special interest because of its potential use in high-speed logic integrated optics, and microwave applications. For such materials a detailed knowledge of the geometric and electronic structure of the interface is fundamental to an understanding of the electrical properties of the contact. It is well known that the properties of Schottky contacts are established within a few atomic layers of the deposited metal. Therefore surface contamination can play a significant role. A method for fabricating contamination-free interfaces is absolutely necessary for reproducible properties, and molecularbeam epitaxy (MBE) offers such advantages for in-situ metal deposition under UHV conditions

Discovery of intracellular 2,8 dihydroxyadenine crystals in bovine lymphatic and hepatic cells

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 906-907
Author(s):  
W. E. Rigsby ◽  
D. M. Hinton ◽  
V. J. Hurst ◽  
P. C. McCaskey
Keyword(s):  
Polarized Light ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Mammalian Tissues ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Cellular Components

Crystalline intracellular inclusions are rarely seen in mammalian tissues and are often difficult to positively identify. Lymph node and liver tissue samples were obtained from two cows which had been rejected at the slaughter house due to the abnormal appearance of these organs in the animals. The samples were fixed in formaldehyde and some of the fixed material was embedded in paraffin. Examination of the paraffin sections with polarized light microscopy revealed the presence of numerous crystals in both hepatic and lymph tissue sections. Tissue sections were then deparaffinized in xylene, mounted, carbon coated, and examined in a Phillips 505T SEM equipped with a Tracor Northern X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) system. Crystals were obscured by cellular components and membranes so that EDS spectra were only obtainable from whole cells. Tissue samples which had been fixed but not paraffin-embedded were dehydrated, embedded in Spurrs plastic, and sectioned.

Detection of atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) in rat atria by immunogold-silver staining (IGSS)

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
Robyn Rufner ◽  
Gerhard W. Hacker ◽  
Michele Forte ◽  
Nancyleigh E. Carson ◽  
Cristina Xenachis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Silver Staining ◽  
Sodium Thiosulfate ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Metallic Salts ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Right Atria

The use of immunogold-silver staining (IGSS) to enhance label penetration and Localization for immunocytochemistry or in situ hybridization utilizing a variety of metallic salts has been documented. In this morphological study, the effects of silver acetate, silver lactate and silver nitrate were evaluated for immunogold-labeling of a trial natriuretic peptides (ANP) in rat right atria.Eight Wistar Kyoto retired breeders were sedated with pentobarbital, perfused with either 4% paraformaldehyde (LM) or Karnovsky's fixative (EM), and right atria were dissected, processed, embedded in paraffin or epon, respectively and sectioned according to conventional methods. For light microscopy, an indirect IGSS method according to Hacker (3) was performed. Paraffin sections on glass slides were washed in ddH2O, immersed in Lugol's iodine, washed in ddH2O and treated with 2.5% aqueous sodium thiosulfate for 20 sec. After additional washes in ddH2O and TBS-0.1% fish gelatin, 10% normal goat serum (PBS with 1% BSA) was applied for 20 min before an overnight incubation at 4°C with a polyclonal α-ANP primary antibody (Peninsula Labs, 1:1000 in TBS/BSA).

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