Exogenous melatonin promotes rice seed germination under salinity through regulating antioxidants and metabolic homeostasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liexiang Huangfu ◽  
Enying Zhang ◽  
Huimin Fang ◽  
Pengcheng Li ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Metabolic Homeostasis ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Background Melatonin plays important roles in multiple plant developmental processes and stress responses. However, little is known about the role and putative mechanism of exogenous melatonin in regulating rice seed germination under salt stress. Main Body Here, we revealed that the exogenous application of melatonin can significantly promote rice seed germination under salinity. Its putative molecular mechanisms are further investigated through metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. The results revealed that the phytohormone concentrations in germinating seeds are reprogrammed, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) are enhanced, and the total antioxidant capacity under salinity is activated by exogenous melatonin. In addition, rice seeds pre-treated with melatonin exhibit higher concentrations of glycosides than non-treated seeds under salinity. Furthermore, exogenous melatonin alleviates the accumulation of fatty acids under salinity. Genome-wide transcriptomic profiling is used to identify 7160 transcripts which are differentially expressed under salt (NaCl), salt + melatonin (MT100), and control treatments. Pathway and GO enrichment analyses reveal that the genes involved in the response to oxidative stress, hormone metabolism, heme building, mitochondrion, and tricarboxylic acid transformation are altered after melatonin pre-treatment under salinity. Conclusion This study provides evidence for exogenous melatonin increasing rice seed germination under salt stress, mainly through the activation of antioxidants and modulation of metabolic homeostasis.

scholarly journals miRNA–mRNA Integrated Analysis Reveals Roles for miRNAs in a Typical Halophyte, Reaumuria soongorica, during Seed Germination under Salt Stress

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huilong Zhang ◽  
Xiaowei Liu ◽  
Xiuyan Yang ◽  
Haiwen Wu ◽  
Jianfeng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Target Mrnas ◽  
Reaumuria Soongorica ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Differentially Expressed Mirnas

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small RNAs that play a crucial role in plant growth, development, and environmental stress responses. Reaumuria soongorica is a typical halophyte that is widely distributed in saline–alkali desert regions. Under salt stress, R. soongorica can complete germination, a critical biological process in the life cycle of seed plants. To identify miRNAs and predict target mRNAs involved in seed germination during salt stress, nine small-RNA libraries were constructed and analyzed from R. soongorica seeds treated with various concentrations of NaCl. We also obtained transcriptome data under the same treatment conditions. Further analysis identified 88 conserved miRNAs representing 25 defined families and discovered 13 novel miRNAs from nine libraries. A co-expression analysis was performed on the same samples to identify putative miRNA–mRNA interactions that were responsive to salt stress. A comparative analysis of expression during germination under 273 (threshold) and 43 mM (optimal) NaCl treatments identified 13 differentially expressed miRNAs and 23 corresponding target mRNAs, while a comparison between 43 mM NaCl and non-salt-stress conditions uncovered one differentially expressed miRNA and one corresponding target mRNA. These results provide basic data for further study of molecular mechanisms involved in the germination of salt-stressed R. soongorica seeds, and also provide a reference for the improvement of salt tolerance during plant germination.

scholarly journals GABA-Alleviated Oxidative Injury Induced by Salinity, Osmotic Stress and their Combination by Regulating Cellular and Molecular Signals in Rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 5709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Sheteiwy ◽  
Hongbo Shao ◽  
Weicong Qi ◽  
Yousef Alhaj Hamoud ◽  
Hiba Shaghaleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Water Relation ◽  
Rice Seed

This study was conducted in order to determine the effect of priming with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at 0.5 mM on rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed germination under osmotic stress (OS) induced by polyethylene glycol (30 g/L PEG 6000); and salinity stress (S, 150 mM NaCl) and their combination (OS+S). Priming with GABA significantly alleviated the detrimental effects of OS, S and OS+S on seed germination and seedling growth. The photosynthetic system and water relation parameters were improved by GABA under stress. Priming treatment significantly increased the GABA content, sugars, protein, starch and glutathione reductase. GABA priming significantly reduced Na+ concentrations, proline, free radical and malonaldehyde and also significantly increased K+ concentration under the stress condition. Additionally, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, phenolic metabolism-related enzymes, detoxification-related enzymes and their transcription levels were improved by GABA priming under stress. In the GABA primed-plants, salinity stress alone resulted in an obvious increase in the expression level of Calcineurin B-like Protein-interacting protein Kinases (CIPKs) genes such as OsCIPK01, OsCIPK03, OsCIPK08 and OsCIPK15, and osmotic stress alone resulted in obvious increase in the expression of OsCIPK02, OsCIPK07 and OsCIPK09; and OS+S resulted in a significant up-regulation of OsCIPK12 and OsCIPK17. The results showed that salinity, osmotic stresses and their combination induced changes in cell ultra-morphology and cell cycle progression resulting in prolonged cell cycle development duration and inhibitory effects on rice seedlings growth. Hence, our findings suggested that the high tolerance to OS+S is closely associated with the capability of GABA priming to control the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level by inducing antioxidant enzymes, secondary metabolism and their transcription level. This knowledge provides new evidence for better understanding molecular mechanisms of GABA-regulating salinity and osmotic-combined stress tolerance during rice seed germination and development.

Proteome Analysis of Relieving Effect of Gibberellin on the Inhibition of Rice Seed Germination by Salt Stress

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Ping WEN ◽  
Tan ZHANG ◽  
Zhao-Hui ZHANG ◽  
Ying-Hong PAN
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Rice Seed

scholarly journals iTRAQ-Based Analysis of Proteins Co-Regulated by Brassinosteroids and Gibberellins in Rice Embryos during Seed Germination

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian-Feng Li ◽  
Jin-Dong Wang ◽  
Min Xiong ◽  
Ke Wei ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Search Tool ◽  
Isobaric Tags

Seed germination, a pivotal process in higher plants, is precisely regulated by various external and internal stimuli, including brassinosteroid (BR) and gibberellin (GA) phytohormones. The molecular mechanisms of crosstalk between BRs and GAs in regulating plant growth are well established. However, whether BRs interact with GAs to coordinate seed germination remains unknown, as do their common downstream targets. In the present study, 45 differentially expressed proteins responding to both BR and GA deficiency were identified using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) proteomic analysis during seed germination. The results indicate that crosstalk between BRs and GAs participates in seed germination, at least in part, by modulating the same set of responsive proteins. Moreover, most targets exhibited concordant changes in response to BR and GA deficiency, and gene ontology (GO) indicated that most possess catalytic activity and are involved in various metabolic processes. Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) analysis was used to construct a regulatory network of downstream proteins mediating BR- and GA-regulated seed germination. The mutation of GRP, one representative target, notably suppressed seed germination. Our findings not only provide critical clues for validating BR–GA crosstalk during rice seed germination, but also help to optimise molecular regulatory networks.

scholarly journals Overexpression of UGT74E2, an Arabidopsis IBA Glycosyltransferase, Enhances Seed Germination and Modulates Stress Tolerance via ABA Signaling in Rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 7239
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Pan Li ◽  
Tianjiao Mu ◽  
Guangrui Dong ◽  
Chengchao Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Aba Signaling ◽  
Auxin Signaling Pathway ◽  
Pathway Gene ◽  
Drought And Salt Stresses

UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) play key roles in modulating plant development and responses to environmental challenges. Previous research reported that the Arabidopsis UDP-glucosyltransferase 74E2 (AtUGT74E2), which transfers glucose to indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), is involved in regulating plant architecture and stress responses. Here, we show novel and distinct roles of UGT74E2 in rice. We found that overexpression of AtUGT74E2 in rice could enhance seed germination. This effect was also observed in the presence of IBA and abscisic acid (ABA), as well as salt and drought stresses. Further investigation indicated that the overexpression lines had lower levels of free IBA and ABA compared to wild-type plants. Auxin signaling pathway gene expression such as for OsARF and OsGH3 genes, as well as ABA signaling pathway genes OsABI3 and OsABI5, was substantially downregulated in germinating seeds of UGT74E2 overexpression lines. Consistently, due to reduced IBA and ABA levels, the established seedlings were less tolerant to drought and salt stresses. The regulation of rice seed germination and stress tolerance could be attributed to IBA and ABA level alterations, as well as modulation of the auxin/ABA signaling pathways by UGT74E2. The distinct roles of UGT74E2 in rice implied that complex and different molecular regulation networks exist between Arabidopsis and rice.

Quantitative trait loci controlling rice seed germination under salt stress

Euphytica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhoufei Wang ◽  
Jianfei Wang ◽  
Yongmei Bao ◽  
Yunyu Wu ◽  
Hongsheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Trait Loci

Inheritance of Rice Seed Germination Ability under Salt Stress

Rice Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou-fei WANG ◽  
Jian-fei WANG ◽  
Yong-mei BAO ◽  
Yun-yu WU ◽  
Xuan SU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Germination Ability

scholarly journals Salinity stress-induced modification of pectin activates stress signaling pathways and requires HERK/THE and FER to attenuate the response

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Gigli-Bisceglia ◽  
Eva Van Zelm ◽  
Wenying Huo ◽  
Jasper Lamers ◽  
Christa Testerink
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Receptor Like Kinase

AbstractSoil salinity is an increasing worldwide problem for agriculture, affecting plant growth and yield. In our attempt to understand the molecular mechanisms activated in response to salt in plants, we investigated the Catharanthus roseus Receptor like Kinase 1 Like (CrRLK1L) family, which contains well described sensors previously shown to be involved in maintaining and sensing the structural integrity of the cell walls. We have observed that herk1the1-4 double mutants, lacking the function of the Arabidopsis thaliana Receptor like Kinase HERKULES1 combined with a gain of function allele of THESEUS1, phenocopied the phenotypes previously reported in plants lacking FERONIA (FER) function. We report that both fer-4 and herk1the1-4 mutants respond strongly to salt application, resulting in a more intense activation of early and late stress responses. We also show that salt triggers de-methyl esterification of loosely bound pectins. These cell wall modifications might be partly responsible for the activation of the signaling pathways required to activate salt stress responses. In fact, by adding calcium chloride or by chemically inhibiting pectin methyl esterase (PME) activity we observed reduced activation of the early signaling protein Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase 6 (MPK6) as well as a reduced amplitude in salt-induced marker gene induction. We show that MPK6 is required for the full induction of the salt-induced gene expression markers we tested. However, the sodium specific root halotropism response is likely regulated by a different branch of the pathway being independent of MPK6 or calcium application but influenced by the cell wall sensors FER/HERK1/THE1-4 and PME activity. We hypothesize a model where salt-triggered modification of pectin requires the functionality of FER alone or the HERK1/THE1 combination to attenuate salt responses. Collectively, our results show the complexity of salt stress responses and salt sensing mechanisms and their connection to cell wall modifications, likely being in part responsible for the response phenotypes observed in salt treated plants.

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