scholarly journals Intention to stop khat chewing and associated factors among khat chewers in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia: using Trans Theoretical Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmamaw Adugna ◽  
Telake Azale ◽  
Simegnew Handebo
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Trans Theoretical Model

Abstract Background Khat chewing practice is rapidly increasing worldwide and currently an estimated over 10 million people chew khat. Trans Theoretical Model (TTM) is a promising model to assess the of stages of behavior change is a combination of intention. Given a sufficient control over the behavior, people carry out their intentions when the enabling environments arises. Assessing intention to quit chewing khat, motivational factors that influence behavior, is important to design effective interventions. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2019 in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia. Six hundred five khat chewers were selected from six kebeles using cluster sampling method. Structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Bivariate and multi-variable logistic regression model were fitted. Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval and p-values <0.05 in the multi-variable model were used to declare significant association. Results Out of the total participants, 69.3% (95% CI: 65.8-72.9) had intention to stop khat chewing within six months from the day of interview or before. Majority of the study participants 55.4% were on contemplation stage. Higher self-reevaluation [AOR=2.8, (95%CI: 1.6-5.0)], environmental reevaluation [AOR=1.9, (95%CI: 1.1-3.3)] and social liberation [AOR=1.8, (95% CI: 1.0-3.1)] process of changes were associated with intention to quit khat chewing. In addition, using additional substances and start chewing at earlier age were associated with lower intention to quit chewing. Conclusion Majority of the khat chewers had the intention to stop khat chewing. Increased self-reevaluation, environmental reevaluation and social liberation process of changes enhance the intention of quitting khat chewing. Thus, stage-based interventions should be done to motivate Khat chewers to stop khat chewing.

scholarly journals Intention to stop khat chewing and associated factors among khat chewers in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia: using Trans Theoretical Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmamaw Adugna ◽  
Telake Azale ◽  
Simegnew Handebo
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Trans Theoretical Model

Abstract Background Khat chewing practice is rapidly increasing worldwide and currently an estimated over 10 million people chew khat. Trans Theoretical Model (TTM) is a promising model to assess the of stages of behavior change is a combination of intention. Given a sufficient control over the behavior, people carry out their intentions when the enabling environments arises. Assessing intention to quit chewing khat, motivational factors that influence behavior, is important to design effective interventions. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2019 in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia. Six hundred five khat chewers were selected from six kebeles using cluster sampling method. Structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Bivariate and multi-variable logistic regression model were fitted. Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval and p-values <0.05 in the multi-variable model were used to declare significant association. Results Out of the total participants, 69.3% (95% CI: 65.8-72.9) had intention to stop khat chewing within six months from the day of interview or before. Majority of the study participants 55.4% were on contemplation stage. Higher self-reevaluation [AOR=2.8, (95%CI: 1.6-5.0)], environmental reevaluation [AOR=1.9, (95%CI: 1.1-3.3)] and social liberation [AOR=1.8, (95% CI: 1.0-3.1)] process of changes were associated with intention to quit khat chewing. In addition, using additional substances and start chewing at earlier age were associated with lower intention to quit chewing. Conclusion Majority of the khat chewers had the intention to stop khat chewing. Increased self-reevaluation, environmental reevaluation and social liberation process of changes enhance the intention of quitting khat chewing. Thus, stage-based interventions should be done to motivate Khat chewers to stop khat chewing.

scholarly journals Seven in every ten khat chewers in Gondar City had an intention to stop khat chewing: cross-sectional study using Transtheoretical Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmamaw Adugna ◽  
Telake Azale ◽  
Simegnew Handebo
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Khat chewing practice is rapidly expanding worldwide and currently, an estimated over 10 million people chew khat daily. The transtheoretical model explains how behavior change occurs across the stages of change. So, this study aimed at assessing the intention to stop khat chewing and associated factors among khat chewers in Gondar City, northwest Ethiopia. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2019 in Gondar City, northwest Ethiopia. Six hundred five khat chewers participated in the study from six randomly selected kebeles. The data were collected using structured and interviewer-administered questionnaire. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression models were fitted. Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-values less than 0.05 were used to declare a significant association. Results Of the study participants, 69.3% (95% CI: 65.8–72.9) had the intention to stop khat chewing within 6 months or before. The majority of the participants (55.4%) were at the contemplation stage. Higher self-reevaluation [AOR = 2.8, (95%CI: 1.6–5.0)], environmental reevaluation [AOR = 1.9, (95%CI: 1.1–3.3)] and social liberation [AOR = 1.8, (95% CI: 1.0–3.1)] were associated with intention to quit khat chewing. In addition, using additional substances daily, khat dependency, and early age initiation of khat chewing were associated with lower intention to quit khat chewing. Conclusion The majority of the khat chewers had the intention to quit khat chewing. Increased self-reevaluation, environmental reevaluation, and social liberation process of changes were associated with enhanced intention of quitting khat chewing. Thus, stage-based interventions should be done to inspire khat chewers to realize their motivation of stopping khat chewing.

scholarly journals Khat chewing practice and associated factors among medical students in university of Gondar, Ethiopia, 2019: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsegaye Adane Birhan ◽  
Walelegn Worku ◽  
Jember Azanaw ◽  
Lamrot Yohannes
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Globally, khat chewing practice becoming an alarming and common among the youth generation especially in higher educational institutions. It may also leads to frequent misbehavior, poor academic performance and memory impairment among students. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of khat chewing and associated factors among medical students in University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019.Method: An institution-based cross-sectional study was employed on 422 medical students. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 20 software. Stratified followed by random sampling was employed to select the samples. Multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify the predictors. P ≤ 0.05 was used to select statistically significant factors.Result: The current prevalence of khat chewing among medical students was 21.5%. The odds of khat chewing was higher among males [AOR=3.353; 95%CI (1.460-7.701)], Muslims [AOR=6.390; 95%CI (1.903-21.460)], fifth and six year students [AOR= 3.391; 95%CI (1.354-8.488)], smokers [AOR=5.081; 95%CI (1.898-13.601)], alcohol users [AOR=4.872; 95%CI (2.094-11.332)], students who had khat chewer close friends [AOR=30.645; 95%CI (12.261-76.589)].Conclusion: Since a significant proportion of students chew khat, continuous awareness creation on the impact of khat chewing and counseling services are recommended.

scholarly journals Predictors of substance use among Jimma University instructors, Southwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Tamirat Gizaw ◽  
Demuma Amdisa ◽  
Yohannes Kebede Lemu
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
University Instructors ◽  
Jimma University

Abstract Background Use of substances such as alcohol, khat leaves (Catha edulis) and tobacco has become one of the rising major public health and socioeconomic problems worldwide and dramatically increased in developing countries. The aim of this study was to assess the predictors of substance use among Jimma University instructors. Method Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted in 2018 among Jimma University instructors. A two-stage cluster sampling procedure was employed to select study participants by their departments and data was collected using structured, self-administered questionnaire with severity assessed by the standardized fifth version of a diagnostic statistical manual of mental health criteria for substance use disorder. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of substance use. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 in the final fitting model were declared to be associated with the outcome variable. Results A total of 330 instructors were involved in this study, with a response rate of 96.2%. About 225 of the respondents have ever used the substance in life (khat, alcohol, or cigarette or all) making the lifetime prevalence of substance use 68.2%. The lifetime prevalence of khat chewing, alcohol use, and smoking cigarette was 51.6, 81.3, and 17.3% respectively. The prevalence of substance uses disorder among users was 36.9%. Living with family (AOR = 0.220 [2.004–8.536] 95%CI), no family substance use history (AOR = 0.220 [0.098–0.495] 95% CI), friends substance use (AOR = 9.047 [4.645–17.620] 95% CI), Social norm favors substance use, (AOR = 1.123 [1.020–1.238] 95% CI), perceived benefit of substance use (AOR = 1.077 [1.008–1.151] 95% CI) were predictors of substance use. Conclusion Perception toward substance, the influence of family and peer were associated with substance use. Therefore, designing a multifaceted approach directed to an individual, interpersonal and community-level intervention targeted to substance misperception and social norms contributing to substance use.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and factors associated with stroke in hypertensive patients in Thailand from 2014 to 2018: A nationwide cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wittawat Chantkran ◽  
Janeyuth Chaisakul ◽  
Ram Rangsin ◽  
Mathirut Mungthin ◽  
Boonsub Sakboonyarat
Keyword(s):  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractStroke is a significant cause of death and disability. In Thailand, it imposes a major health burden, and the prevalence of stroke is increasing, particularly in patients with hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM), and dyslipidemia (DLP). We aimed to determine the trends in the prevalence of stroke and the associated factors among Thai patients with HT. Nationwide cross-sectional studies were conducted annually in 2014, 2015 and 2018 based on data obtained from the Thailand DM/HT study. Nationally, representative patients with HT in Thailand were sampled with stratified one-stage cluster sampling. A total of 104,028 participants were included in this study. The prevalence of stroke remained constant, with prevalence rates of 4.0%, 3.8%, and 3.9% in 2014, 2015 and 2018, respectively (p for trend = 0.221). Our findings suggested that the management of stroke patients who are covered by the universal coverage scheme should be evaluated. Effective interventions, including promoting smoking cessation, attenuating cholesterol levels, and controlling blood pressure should be provided to hypertensive patients to prevent ischemic stroke. Young adults with HT should be more concerned about the possibility of stroke. The use of prophylactic low-dose aspirin should be carefully monitored to prevent hemorrhagic stroke.

scholarly journals Determinate of diarrhea among under-five children in Northwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Habtamu Dessie
Keyword(s):  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Biological Mothers ◽  
Toilet Facility

This study aimed to assess the determinants of diarrhea among children under-five in Jabitehnan district, Northwest Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was done using a cluster sampling technique. The study was done in the Jabitehnan district from April to July 2019.  The study was done among women who had children under five during the survey who settled in Jabitehnan district. The main outcome measure was the occurrence of diarrhea. A binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with diarrhea. The prevalence of diarrhea was found to be 19.8%. The child lived with whose non-biological mothers were 32.44 times more likely to be exposed to diarrhea compared to the child who lived with whose biological mothers. The odds of being diarrheal for a child whose mother does not wash her hand after latrine was 7.91 times higher than its counterpart. A child whose mother pregnant was 5.66 times higher risk of developing diarrhea than whose mother do not pregnant. The likelihood of diarrhea for children drinking unprotected water were14.1times higher than its counterpart. The magnitude of reported diarrhea was high. Child age, residence, drinking water, pregnant mother, toilet facility, washing hand after latrine, and child live with whom were the main determinates of diarrhea. Addressing these factors will help to prevent future morbidity and mortality of children and will assist in alleviating hygiene and refining their quality of life. Moreover, a trend-based sampling design might be considered for a better understanding.

scholarly journals Community’s perceived high risk of coronavirus infections during early phase of epidemics are significantly influenced by socio-demographic background, in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional -study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242654
Author(s):  
Gebisa Guyasa Kabito ◽  
Mekuriaw Alemayehu ◽  
Tesfaye Hambisa Mekonnen ◽  
Sintayehu Daba Wami ◽  
Jember Azanaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gondar Town

Background Epidemiological studies during the early phase of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemics reported different level of people’s risk perception in different countries. There is a paucity of data on perceived high risk of COVID-19 and associated factors in Ethiopia. We sought to assess the prevalence of community’s perceived high risk about COVID-19 infections and associated factors among Gondar town community. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out from April 20 to 27, 2020 in Gondar town community, Northwest Ethiopia. Multistage cluster sampling technique was used to recruit 635 participants. Structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression were used to summarize the results. Results A total of 623 participants were considered in the analysis with a response rate of 98.1%. The prevalence of coronavirus high risk perceptions of the respondents was found to be 23.11% (95% CI; 19.80%–26.43%). Age above 45 years (AOR = 1.41, 95%CI; 1.19–2.66), college and above educational level (AOR = 0.28, 95%CI; 0.21–0.98), and poor knowledge towards COVID-19 virus (AOR = 1.57, 95%CI; 1.09–2.23) were significantly associated with perceived high risk about COVID-19. Conclusions The prevalence of perceived high risk of COVID-19 was found to be low. Factors such as age, educational status, and knowledge about COVID-19 virus were found to be independent predictors of perceived high risk towards COVID-19. Government and non-government organizations should use formal and informal means of educating the community.

scholarly journals Psychological Violence and Associated Factors Among Housemaid’s in Northwest Ethiopia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kefyalew Azanaw ◽  
Abebaw Addis Gelagay ◽  
Ayenew Molla Lakew
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: psychological violence often called emotional violence is a form of violence that may result in psychological trauma. Psychological violence can destroy intimate relationships, friendships and even our relationship with us. The majority of human beings may have been a victim of some form of psychological violence at some point of their life. Therefore this study expected to assess the magnitude of Psychological violence and its associated factors among housemaids.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1-30/ 2018. About 688 study participants were selected using cluster sampling. Data were entered into Epi info version 7.2.2.6 and analyzed with SPSS version 20 then, mainly analyzed using descriptive statistic and Binary logistic regression.Result: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1-30/ 2018 among 688 randomly selected housemaids. From 688 participated in the study, about 387(56.3%) (95%CI: 52.6 - 60.2) housemaids had experienced at least one form of psychological violence in their life time. From those who had experienced violence, 175(25.4%) (95%CI: 22.1%-28.6%) had experienced in the last 12 months. No formal education (AOR=3.13, 95%CI: 1.76, 5.57), primary education (AOR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.12, 3.90), being rural (AOR=2.04, 95%CI: 1.13, 3.71), and family live situation and alcohol consumption of employers had significant association with housemaid psychological violence. Conclusion: n this study,high prevalence of housemaid psychological violence has been reported. To resolve the problem, it is important to expand information education communication and behavioral change to empower housemaid.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document