scholarly journals Comparison of the gluteus medius strength between obese and eutrophic individuals: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ratti Fenato ◽  
Allan Cezar Faria Araujo ◽  
Ana Tereza Bittencourt Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Human Research Ethics ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: The hip abductor muscles play an important role in stabilizing the pelvis during gait, with its main function being performed by the gluteus medius. Gluteus medius insufficiency is associated with biomechanical alterations and musculoskeletal disorders. Due to being overweight and a possible muscle mass decrease, maintaining the abductor muscular function can be a great challenge for the obese. However, it is still unclear whether the musculature of obese individuals manages to compensate for these alterations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the gluteus medius strength between obese and normal weight individuals using a digital hand-held dynamometer.Methods: Twenty-five obese (BMI > 35 kg / m2) participated in the study, being matched in gender, age, and height with normal weight individuals. The gluteus medius strength was measured by a single examiner using a belt-stabilized hand-held digital dynamometer on the knee of individuals positioned in lateral decubitus. Three measurements were recorded with rest intervals, considering only the highest value measured for each limb for analysis. The difference between pairs was calculated and the data distribution pattern was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05), and the matrices of the variables were standardized and analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA).Results: For the strength variables (Newtons) on both sides, no statistical differences were detected between the groups (p > 0.05). However, statistical differences were detected in these variables between the groups (p < 0.05) when normalizing the measurements in relation to individuals' weights (Newtons / kilograms). The PCA indicates that both strength in absolute values and normalized by weight are reduced in obese individuals.Conclusions: These findings indicate that obese individuals have the same or lower strength (PCA) to move more mass, which may suggest a relative weakness that induces functional limitation.Trial registration: The study was approved by the UNIOESTE Human Research Ethics Committee (#1.180.202) in July 2015.

scholarly journals Comparison of the gluteus medius strength between obese and eutrophic individuals: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ratti Fenato ◽  
Allan Cezar Faria Araujo ◽  
Ana Tereza Bittencourt Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Lateral Decubitus ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background The hip abductor muscles play an important role in stabilizing the pelvis during gait, its main function being performed by the gluteus medius. Gluteus medius insufficiency is associated with biomechanical alterations and musculoskeletal disorders. Due to overweight and a possible muscle mass decrease, maintaining the abductor muscular function can be a great challenge for obese. However, it is still unclear whether the musculature of obese individuals manages to compensate for these alterations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the gluteus medius strength between obese and normal weight individuals using a digital hand-held dynamometer. Methods Twenty-five obese (body mass index > 35 kg / m 2 ) participated in the study, being matched in gender, age, and height with normal weight individuals. The gluteus medius strength was measured by a single examiner using a belt-stabilized hand-held digital dynamometer on the knee of individuals positioned in lateral decubitus. Three measurements were recorded with rest intervals, considering only the highest value measured for each limb for analysis. The difference between pairs was calculated and the data distribution pattern was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05), and the matrices of the variables were standardized and analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA). Results For the strength variables (Newtons) on both sides, no statistical differences were detected between groups (p > 0.05). However, statistical differences were detected in these variables between groups (p < 0.05) when normalizing the measurements in relation to individuals' weight (Newtons / kilograms). The PCA indicates that both strength in absolute values and normalized by weight are reduced in obese individuals. Conclusions These findings indicate that obese individuals have the same or lower strength (PCA) to move more mass, which may suggest a relative weakness that induces functional limitation.

scholarly journals Comparison of gluteus medius strength between obese and eutrophic individuals: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ratti Fenato ◽  
Allan Cezar Faria Araujo ◽  
Ana Tereza Bittencourt Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Human Research Ethics ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Lateral Decubitus ◽  
Muscular Function

Abstract Background: The hip abductor muscles, primarily the gluteus medius, play an important role in stabilizing the pelvis during gait. Gluteus medius weakness is associated with biomechanical changes and musculoskeletal disorders. Obese individuals can have great difficulty maintaining abductor muscular function due to being overweight and possibly experiencing a decrease in muscle mass. However, it is still unclear whether the musculature of obese individuals can compensate for these changes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare gluteus medius strength between obese and normal-weight individuals using a digital hand-held dynamometer.Methods: Twenty-five obese (BMI > 35 kg/m2) participants were matched for sex, age, and height with normal-weight individuals. Gluteus medius strength was measured by a single examiner using a belt-stabilized hand-held digital dynamometer placed on the knee of the individuals positioned in lateral decubitus. Three measurements were recorded with rest intervals, and only the highest value measured for each limb was used for analysis. The differences between pairs were calculated, and the normality of the data was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05). The matrices of the variables were standardized and analysed using principal component analysis (PCA).Results: For the strength variables (Newtons) on both sides, no significant differences were detected between the groups (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were detected in these variables between the groups (p < 0.05) when the measurements were normalized to body weight (Newtons/kilograms). PCA indicated that both the absolute and normalized values of strength are lower in obese than in normal-weight individuals.Conclusions: These findings indicate that obese individuals have the same or less strength (PCA) to move more mass, which may suggest a relative weakness that induces functional limitations.Trial registration: The study was approved by the UNIOESTE Human Research Ethics Committee (#1.180.202) in July 2015.

scholarly journals Comparison of gluteus medius strength between individuals with obesity and normal-weight individuals: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ratti Fenato ◽  
Allan Cezar Faria Araujo ◽  
Ana Tereza Bittencourt Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Lateral Decubitus ◽  
Muscular Function

Abstract Background The hip abductor muscles, primarily the gluteus medius, play an important role in stabilizing the pelvis during gait. Gluteus medius weakness is associated with biomechanical changes and musculoskeletal disorders. Individuals with obesity can have great difficulty maintaining abductor muscular function due to being overweight and possibly experiencing a decrease in muscle mass. However, it is still unclear whether the musculature of person with obesity can compensate for these changes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare gluteus medius strength between individuals with obesity and normal-weight individuals using a digital hand-held dynamometer. Methods Twenty-five participants with obesity (BMI > 35 kg/m2) were matched for sex, age, and height with normal-weight individuals. Gluteus medius strength was measured by a single examiner using a belt-stabilized hand-held digital dynamometer placed on the knee of the individuals positioned in lateral decubitus. Three measurements were recorded with rest intervals, and only the highest value measured for each limb was used for analysis. The differences between pairs were calculated, and the normality of the data was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05). The matrices of the variables were standardized and analysed using principal component analysis (PCA). Results For the strength variables (Newtons) on both sides, no significant differences were detected between the groups (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were detected in these variables between the groups (p < 0.05) when the measurements were normalized to body weight (Newtons/kilograms). PCA indicated that both the absolute and normalized values of strength are lower in participants with obesity than in normal-weight. Conclusions These findings suggest that people with obesity could have the same or less strength (PCA) to move more mass, which may imply a relative weakness that induces functional limitations.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and metabolic phenotypes in Brazilian adults: a population-based cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 3377-3383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayana LM Pereira ◽  
Leidjaira L Juvanhol ◽  
Danielle CG Silva ◽  
Giana Z Longo
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes

AbstractObjective:Dietary patterns have been pointed out as useful diet quality indicators, but evidence about their relationship to metabolic phenotypes is still scarce. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic phenotypes in Brazilian adults.Design:Cross-sectional study. A food consumption frequency questionnaire assessed food consumption profiles. Metabolic phenotypes were defined based on the criteria of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: overweight or normal weight and metabolically healthy (MHOW and MHNW) or unhealthy (MUOW and MUNW). Dietary patterns were established through exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis. The associations were tested using multinomial logistic regression.Setting:Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.Participants:Individuals (n 896) aged 20–59 years of both sexes, selected using probabilistic sampling.Results:Three dietary patterns were identified: Unhealthy pattern (alcoholic beverages, oils and fats, condiments, soda and juice, sugars and sweets, snacks, and meat and derivatives), Traditional pattern (culinary preparations, beans, milk and dairy products, and coffee and tea) and Healthy pattern (vegetables and fruits, whole grains, chicken and fish, and skimmed milk). Unhealthy pattern was positively associated with the MHOW and MUOW phenotypes in the fourth quartile (OR = 1·84; 95 % CI 1·06, 3·22) and in the third (OR = 1·94; 95 % CI 1·11, 3·39) and fourth (OR = 2·56; 95 % CI 1·41, 4·64) quartiles of consumption, respectively. Healthy pattern was also associated with these phenotypes.Conclusions:Both the pattern comprising energy-dense foods and the healthier pattern were associated with overweight phenotypes among Brazilian adults.

scholarly journals Morphometric Measurement of Cranial Vault Thickness: A Tertiary Hospital Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (215) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj Thulung ◽  
Kajan Ranabhat ◽  
Suresh Bishokarma ◽  
Dinesh Nath Gongal
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cranial Vault ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ct Finding

Introduction: The skull’s main function is to protect the brain. Total skull bone thickness is the total thickness of diploe and the external and internal tables. The measurement of the human skull based on CT images results are of great practical value in the fields of anatomy, clinical medicine, biomechanics study and head injury analysis. There are few literatures about imaging assisted measurement of the cranial vault thickness while sparse literature among Nepalese population. In this study, we aim to measure the thickness of Nepalese calvarian bones and find the difference between gender and ethnic groups.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in our center during a period of 6 months. Patient of age 15 to 50 years with normal CT finding were included in the study. Using the axial view of brain CT, the thickness of cranial vault was measured and recorded in millimeter. Results: Among 100 patients, 51 were male and 49 were female. Mean thickness of frontal bone, parietal, temporal and occipital bone were 8.02±1.97 mm, 7.04±1.43 mm, 4.71±1.34 mm and 7.98±2.47 mm respectively. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in cranial vault thickness among sex or ethnical groups in patients of a hospital. Keywords: cranial vault; ethnicity; Nepalese; thickness.

scholarly journals Analysis of the effect size of overweight in speed-agility test among adolescents (Reference values according to sex, age and BMI)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Alberto Ruiz-Ariza ◽  
Manuel J. De la Torre-Cruz ◽  
Sebastián López-Serrano ◽  
Emilio J. Martínez-López ◽  
Jaime Cárcamo-Oyarzún
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Overweight Adolescents ◽  
The Difference

  The objective of the present cross-sectional study was to quantify the effect size of overweight on the results of speed-agility in adolescents and to report percentile tables based on sex, age and BMI. Was hypothesized that the effect size obtained from the difference between normal-weight and overweight youth would be equal to or greater than the differences between sexes within the same age group. A total of 10.439 Spanish adolescents aged 13.72 ± 1.42 years from 42 secondary schools participated in the research. Speed-agility was evaluated using the 4x10 m test. The effect size was analysed using the adjusted Hedges’ ğ. The findings regarding sex show that 92.74% and 86.98% of normal-weight and overweight girls, respectively, attained lower speed-agility than boys. With regard to body composition, the percentages are also high, but they are a bit lower than those for sex. So, 77.26% and 70.52% of overweight boys and girls, respectively, showed lower speed-agility than their normal-weight peers. The differential effect size between boys and girls is higher than between normal-weight and overweight adolescents in speed-agility. In spite of this, the results suggest that BMI should be taken into account in assessing the speed-agility of young people. Resumen. El objetivo de este estudio transversal fue cuantificar el tamaño del efecto del sobrepeso en los resultados de velocidad-agilidad en adolescentes e informar las tablas de percentiles en función del sexo, la edad y el IMC. Se planteó la hipótesis de que el tamaño del efecto obtenido entre los jóvenes con sobrepeso y normopeso sería igual o mayor que las diferencias entre los sexos dentro del mismo grupo de edad. Un total de 10.439 adolescentes españoles de 13.72 ± 1.42 años de 42 centros de educación secundaria participaron en la investigación. Se evaluó la velocidad-agilidad utilizando la prueba de 4x10 m. El tamaño del efecto se analizó ajustando por la prueba ğ de Hedges. Los resultados con respecto al sexo muestran que el 92.74% y el 86.98% de las niñas con sobrepeso y normopeso, respectivamente, alcanzaron una velocidad-agilidad menor que los niños. Con respecto a la composición corporal, los porcentajes también son altos, pero son un poco más bajos que los del sexo. El 77.26% y 70.52% de los niños y niñas con sobrepeso, respectivamente, mostraron menor velocidad-agilidad que sus pares de peso normal. Como conclusión, el tamaño del efecto diferencial entre niños y niñas es mayor que entre adolescentes con normopeso y sobrepeso en velocidad-agilidad. A pesar de esto, los resultados sugieren que se debe tener en cuenta el IMC al evaluar la velocidad-agilidad de los jóvenes.

scholarly journals Effect of energy drink consumption on baroreceptor sensitivity in young normal weight and overweight/obese males

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farrukh Majeed ◽  
Talay Yar ◽  
Ahmed A Alsunni ◽  
Ali F AlHawaj ◽  
Ahmed A AlRahim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Drink ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Energy Drink Consumption ◽  
The Difference

Objectives: There is lack of evidence exploring sympathetic effect by baroreceptor sensitivity in obese consuming energy drink. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of energy drink on individuals baroreceptor sensitivity in young healthy normal weight and overweight/obese males. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Physiology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. After getting ethical approval, 25 male participants were recruited by convenient sampling and informed consent was obtained. Participants were grouped into normal weight and overweight/obese on basis of body mass index. Finger arterial blood pressure was recorded with Finometer® at baseline, 30min and 60 minutes in the post-energy drink period and baroreceptor sensitivity was calculated. As data was not normally distributed it was log transformed.  Results: The baseline baroreceptor sensitivity was lower (P<0.05) in overweight/obese compared to normal weight participants. Baroreceptor sensitivity reduced significantly (P<0.05) at 60 minutes after energy drink consumption in the whole cohort of both normal weight and overweight/obese. Baroreceptor sensitivity remained lower in overweight/obese compared to normal weight at 60min but the difference was not significant. Conclusion: Consumption of energy drink acutely reduced baroreceptor sensitivity in both normal weight and obese young healthy males with an earlier onset of effect in overweight/obese indicating enhanced sympathetic activity. Energy drinks consumption could place the obese in a more vulnerable state to hypertension and arrhythmia. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2419 How to cite this:Majeed F, Yar T, Alsunni AA, AlHawaj AF, AlRahim AA. Effect of energy drink consumption on baroreceptor sensitivity in young normal weight and overweight/obese males. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2419 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Relationship between Malocclusion and Obesity: A Cross-sectional Study in the Moroccan Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gbetoho Antah Medard Dohou ◽  
Rajae ElHaddaoui ◽  
Chanelle Lekesse Apila ◽  
Fatima Zaoui ◽  
Asmae Bahoum
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Intra-arch dental malocclusions are explained by the disharmony between the arch perimeter and the existing dental capital. The habitable perimeter is the result of the basal and alveolar growth, itself under the dependence of the musculature. The idea of working on the relationship between obesity and malocclusion is to understand whether the effects of mastication and the typology of musculature specific to this category, could have an influence on the dimensions of the arches and therefore on the genesis of malocclusions in children. The aim of this cross-sectional observational study is therefore to evaluate the impact of obesity and overweight on the development of malocclusion in growing age subjects. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in 58 children aged 10 to 16 years old who consulted the Rabat Dental Treatment and Consultation Center CCTD-CHIS between January 2018 and December 2018. Excluded from this study were children who had received orthopedic treatment or were undergoing orthodontic treatment, children with system pathology, as well as those with incomplete dentures or proximal caries.  The sample was divided into 2 groups according to their Body Mass Index (BMI): G1 normal weight children, G2 overweight or obese children. The variables studied were: dental crowding, overjet and overbite, presence of dysfunction or parafunction and height of the anterior face. The comparison of these variables between the two groups was made by Pearson's Chi-square test for qualitative variables and the non-parametric test (Mann- Whitney's U-test) for quantitative variables. Results: The results of this study showed that the frequency of dysfunctions and parafunctions, as well as the increase in the lower anterior facial height were greater in the overweight/obese group (57.1%; 62.9% and 60.9% respectively). For endo-buccal parameters, crowding was greater in the overweight/obese group with a median of 2 [0-3] for this group and 1 [0-3] for the normo-weight group. The difference between the two groups for these parameters was not statistically significant. In addition, the results of this study showed that the overjet in the overweight/obese group was slightly reduced (1[o-2]) compared to the norm-weight group (2[1-3]).  This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Perceived social support and burden of care of male and female caregivers of patient with schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Narendra Kumar Singh ◽  
Nishant Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

Background: Schizophrenia is associated with a high familial, social and economic burden. Schizophrenia is also associated with a high level of disability which may create impediments on the social and economic areas of the patients as well as on their respective family networks. Families with schizophrenia may encounter problems such as impairment of health and well being of other family members, restriction of social activities of the family members and shrinking of support from the social network. Aims: The present study examined the difference in perceived social support and burden of care between the male and female caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study examining the difference in perceived social support and burden of care between the male and female caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 60 (30 male and 30 female) caregivers of the patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia as per ICD-10-DCR. Results and Conclusion: This study revealed that male caregivers perceived more social support and less burden of care as compared to female caregivers. Key words: Gender, social support, burden

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