scholarly journals Associations of self-repression with disordered eating and symptoms of other psychopathologies for men and women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Bachner-Melman ◽  
Yonatan Watermann ◽  
Lilac Lev-Ari ◽  
Ada H. Zohar
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparison ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression

Abstract Background: Disordered eating has been found to be associated with self-repression, specifically with selflessness, the tendency to relinquish one’s needs for others’, and concern for appropriateness, an alertness to information about social comparison and tendency to vary one’s behavior in different social situations. This study aimed to examine associations between these self-repression variables and symptoms of general psychopathology for women and men in a community sample. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-six participants (92 men) aged 18-76 (M=29.11+10.10) volunteered to complete measures of ED symptoms (EDE-Q), concern for appropriateness (CFA-CSV and CFA-ATSCI), selflessness (SS), and symptoms of depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (BSI-18 anx) and somatization (BSI-18 som) online. Structural equation models were built to assess pathways between the study variables for men and women separately. Results: A MANOVA 2*7 design showed that women scored significantly higher than men on the SS, EDE-Q and PHQ-9. For men, SS scores were positively and significantly associated only with PHQ-9 scores. CAS-CSV scores were positively associated with PHQ-9, BSI-18 som and BSI-18 anx scores. For women, SS scores were positively and significantly associated with PHQ-9, EDE-Q, BSI-18 som and BSI-18 anx scores. CAS-CSV scores were positively and significantly associated with PHQ-9, BSI-18 anx and BSI-18 som scores but not EDE-Q scores. CAS-ASCI scores were positively and significantly associated only with EDE-Q scores.Conclusions: Self-repression is a much more central path to psychopathology in women than in men. For men, self-suppression seems to play an important role in the development and maintenance of symptoms of internalizing disorders, but not disordered eating. Even for women, it appears that self-repression is not connected specifically with disordered eating, but with symptoms of psychopathology in general. Future research should explore why self-suppression plays such a central role in women’s psychopathology.

Using structural equation modelling to assess the sustainable competitive advantages provided by the low-cost carrier model

2018 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vedant Singh ◽  
S. Vaibhav ◽  
Somesh Kr. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantages

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between the dimensions of sustainable competitive advantages in the Indian low cost airlines.Design/methodology/approachThis study used structural equation modelling methods to identify the factors that significantly affect the sustainable competitive advantages enjoyed by Indian low-cost carriers (LCCs). Specifically, this study is based on the data from 208 airline experts that populate multiple structural equation models.FindingsResults indicate that indigenous efficiency, the LCCs perceptions of threat, dexterity, strategic persuasion and the LCC adopting an enabling role positively affect LCCs’ competitive advantages. These five factors were all correlated with each other. The results also show that relative to an LCC’s dexterity, indigenous efficiency is a stronger predictor of an LCC’s competitive advantages.Originality/valueThis study provides low-cost airlines with valuable information for designing effective strategies for obtaining competitive advantages in the LCC sector. To conclude the paper, the authors offer practical recommendations for managers and suggest some avenues for future research in this area.

scholarly journals Self-esteem, social comparison, and Facebook use

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Bergagna ◽  
Stefano Tartaglia
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Facebook Use ◽  
The Individual

Facebook use is very popular among young people, but many open issues remain regarding the individual traits that are antecedents of different behaviours enacted online. This study aimed to investigate whether the relationship between self-esteem and the amount of time on Facebook could be mediated by a tendency towards social comparison. Moreover, three different modalities of Facebook use were distinguished, i.e., social interaction, simulation, and search for relations. Because of gender differences in technology use and social comparison, the mediation models were tested separately for males and females. Data were collected by means of a self-report questionnaire with a sample of 250 undergraduate and graduate Italian students (mean age: 22.18 years). The relations were examined empirically by means of four structural equation models. The results revealed the role of orientation to social comparison in mediating the relations between low self-esteem and some indicators of Facebook use, i.e., daily hours on Facebook and the use of Facebook for simulation. For females, the use of Facebook for social interaction was directly influenced by high self-esteem and indirectly influenced by low self-esteem. Globally, the dimension of social comparison on Facebook emerged as more important for females than for males.

scholarly journals Modeling Associations between Chemosensation, Liking for Fats and Sweets, Dietary Behaviors and Body Mass Index in Chronic Smokers

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany Larsen ◽  
Mark Litt ◽  
Tania Huedo-Medina ◽  
Valerie Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Taste Intensity ◽  
Food Liking ◽  
Identification Function

Chronic smokers have a greater risk for altered chemosensation, unhealthy dietary patterns, and excessive adiposity. In an observational study of chronic smokers, we modeled relationships between chemosensation, fat/carbohydrate liking, smoking-associated dietary behaviors, and body mass index (BMI). Also tested in the model was liking for sweet electronic cigarette juice (e-juice). Smokers (n = 135, 37 ± 11 years) were measured for: Taste genetics (intensity of 6-n-propylthiouracil—PROP); taste (NaCl and quinine intensities) and olfactory (odor identification) function; liking for cherry e-juice; and weight/height to calculate BMI. Smokers survey-reported their food liking and use of smoking for appetite/weight control. Structural equation models tested direct and indirect relationships between chemosensation, fat/carbohydrate liking, dietary behaviors, and BMI. In good-fitting models, taste intensity was linked to BMI variation through fat/carbohydrate liking (greater PROP intensity→greater NaCl intensity→greater food liking→higher BMI). Olfactory function tended to predict sweet e-juice liking, which, in turn, partially mediated the food liking and BMI association. The path between smoking-associated dietary behaviors and BMI was direct and independent of chemosensation or liking. These findings indicate that taste associates with BMI in chronic smokers through liking of fats/carbohydrates. Future research should determine if vaping sweet e-juice could improve diet quality and adiposity for smokers.

Authentic Leadership and Follower Development

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Woolley ◽  
Arran Caza ◽  
Lester Levy
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Authentic Leadership ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Representative National Sample ◽  
The Relationship

This article contributes to the theoretical understanding of the relationship between authentic leadership and follower psychological capital. Structural equation models using a representative national sample of working adults revealed a positive relationship between authentic leadership and followers’ psychological capital, partially mediated by positive work climate, and a significant moderating effect from gender. Findings support previous predictions about the effects of authentic leadership and begin to reveal the mechanisms by which authentic leaders affect followers. Moreover, they underscore the need to consider the influence of follower characteristics in understanding leadership outcomes. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Measuring Relationship Quality in an International Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 920-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill M. Chonody ◽  
Jacqui Gabb ◽  
Mike Killian ◽  
Priscilla Dunk-West
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
International Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Convergent Construct Validity

Objective: This study reports on the operationalization and testing of the newly developed Relationship Quality (RQ) scale, designed to assess an individual’s perception of his or her RQ in their current partnership. Methods: Data were generated through extended sampling from an original U.K.-based research project, Enduring Love? Couple relationships in the 21st century. This mixed methods study was designed to investigate how couples experience, understand, and sustain their long-term relationships. This article utilizes the cross-sectional, community sample ( N = 8,132) from this combined data set, drawn primarily from the United Kingdom, United States, and Australia. A two-part approach to scale development was employed. An initial 15-item pool was subjected to exploratory factor analysis leading into confirmatory factor analysis using structural equation modeling. Results: The final 9-item scale evidenced convergent construct validity and known-groups validity along with strong reliability. Conclusion: Implications for future research and professional practice are discussed.

scholarly journals The Gendered Pathways Into Giving and Volunteering: Similar or Different Across Countries?

2022 ◽  
pp. 089976402110574
Author(s):  
Pamala Wiepking ◽  
Christopher J. Einolf ◽  
Yongzheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Charitable Giving ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gendered Pathways

There has been a steady increase in research studying the role of gender in prosocial behavior, such as charitable giving and volunteering. We provide an extensive review of the interdisciplinary literature and derive hypotheses about three different pathways that lead men and women to differ in their display of giving and volunteering: pathways through social capital, motivations, and resources. We test these hypotheses across 19 countries by analyzing 28,410 individuals, using generalized structural equation models. Our results support previous research, conducted in single countries, that there are distinct different pathways that lead men and women to engage in giving and volunteering: Women report stronger motivations to help others, but men report more of the financial resources that make giving and volunteering possible. The gendered pathways to giving and volunteering that lead through social capital, educational achievement, and financial security vary by country.

Information Technology, Political Institutions, and Generalized Trust

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaine Robbins ◽  
Maria Grigoryeva
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
New Institutional Economics ◽  
The State ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Generalized Trust

In a recent study, the authors reveal with structural equation models that the positive effect of information technology on generalized trust is mediated by political institutions. Although insightful, a key question remains: Is it the effectiveness and efficiency, the universality, and/or the power-sharing capacity of the state that mediates this effect? Drawing on new institutional economics, political culture, and theories of the welfare state, the authors derive a number of hypotheses connecting information technology to generalized trust vis-à-vis elements of the state. The study shows with structural equation models that what accounts for the technology-trust relationship is not necessarily the public allocation of resources or political mechanisms of sharing power, but the incentive structures found in effective and efficient legal institutions that reduce uncertainty and increase generalized trust. The paper concludes by outlining the implications and directions for future research.

Financial Strain and Symptoms of Depression in a Community Sample of Elderly Men and Women

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos F. Mendes De Leon ◽  
Stephen S. Rapp ◽  
Stanislav V. Kasl
Keyword(s):  
Community Sample ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression

scholarly journals Affects, resources, culture and perceived health: what is the relationship among them?

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Mª Dolores Merino ◽  
Jesús Privado ◽  
Zeus Gracia
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Psychosocial Resources ◽  
Cultural Variable ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

<p>The purpose of this research is to understand if the relationship between positive and negative affect (PA/NA) and perceived health is mediated by psychosocial resources, and, whether culture (collectivistic vs. individualistic) has a role in that relationship. Structural Equation Models were applied: The first expressed the direct and indirect relationship PA/NA to health. The second reflected indirect influence of PA/NA on health and, resources mediated between both. Both models were tested in two cultures: one individualistic (Spain) and the other collectivistic (Mexico). The results showed that models work differently in both cultures. In Spain there were no significant differences between the two models. In Mexico, the direct and indirect relationship model functions better. These results have interesting implications: The influence of PA/NA on health could be different depending on the culture, so, future research to reconsider the cultural variable, would be interesting. The way PA vs. NA influences perceived health is different; PA can influence directly and indirectly, through psychosocial resources, while NA can only influence directly.  It would be fascinating if future research would replicate this, including more countries, and, using biological measurements of health.</p>

The buddy system: A randomized controlled experiment of the benefits and costs of dieting in pairs

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 1945-1954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela C Incollingo Rodriguez ◽  
Anthony Rodriguez ◽  
Lauren C Callahan ◽  
Darby Saxbe ◽  
A Janet Tomiyama
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
System A ◽  
Buddy System ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
Randomized Controlled Experiment ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Benefits And Costs

A total of 67 pairs of female roommates were randomized into a diet condition: (1) both ate normally; (2) one dieted, the other ate normally; and (3) both dieted. Adherence, weight loss, anxiety, depression, disordered eating symptoms, and stress were measured. Dieters lost more weight than non-dieters, but average loss was <1 pound. Pairs where both dieted reported higher anxiety, depression, and disordered eating than one-dieter pairs. Structural equation models revealed an interrelated network of stress, anxiety, depression, and disordered eating. This was weakest when one roommate dieted. The “buddy system” may not promote weight loss, but living with a non-dieting partner may buffer consequences.

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