scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soils in the Jiefangzha Irrigation Area of the Hetao Irrigation District, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Qingfeng Miao ◽  
Junping Lu ◽  
Linfeng Yuan ◽  
Guoxia Pei
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Spherical Model ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Hetao Irrigation District

Abstract To explore the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils in the Jiefangzha Irrigation Area of the Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia, 60 samples of the surface soil (0–20 cm) of the irrigation area were collected to detect and analyze the content of the typical heavy metal elements Cu, As, and Pb in the soil. The methods utilized included the single factor index method, the Nemerow index method, the geological accumulation index method, and the potential ecological hazard index method to evaluate their pollution and ecological risks, and these were combined with geostatistical methods using GIS technology to quantitatively analyze their spatial distribution characteristics. The results showed that the average content of Cu, As, and Pb did not exceed the background values in the Hetao Irrigation Area, and the contents showed a moderate variation, with the order of variation as As>Cu>Pb. The multivariate statistical analysis results showed that the three elements, Cu, As, and Pb, had similar sources, being primarily the use of agrochemicals, such as fertilizers and pesticides. The semi-variance function model fitting results showed that Pb was a spherical model, and Cu and As were Gaussian models. The Kriging interpolation showed that the contents of As, Pb, and Cu, in general, showed a trend that was higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast, with a change of gradient increasing from the southeast to the northwest. Human activities were the primary factors that were causing the distribution difference.

scholarly journals Effects of mining on the molybdenum absorption and translocation of plants in the Luanchuan molybdenum mine

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9183
Author(s):  
Kejing Yin ◽  
Zhaoyong Shi ◽  
Mengge Zhang ◽  
Yajuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Mining Soils

Background There is a critical need to examine whether mining of molybdenum (Mo) ore will affect Mo absorption and translocation by plants at a community level. Methods Indigenous plants and their rhizospheric soil (0–20 cm) growing in two different areas including the mining and the unexploited areas were collected from the Luanchuan Mo mine—one of the largest Mo mines in Asia. The concentrations of Mo and other heavy metals of plants or soil were measured by ICP-AES. Mo absorption and translocation in plants growing in two areas were investigated and compared. Heavy metal pollution in soil was also evaluated by the potential ecological hazard index method. Results Mo concentration in mining soils was higher with the changes from 108.13 to 268.13 mg kg−1 compared to unexploited area. Mo concentrations in shoots and roots of plants growing in the mining area were also significant higher than those growing in the unexploited area with 2.59 and 2.99 times, respectively. The Mo translocation factor of plants growing in the unexploited area was 1.61, which reached 1.69 times that of plants growing in the mining area. Mo was the main heavy metal pollutant in the soil of both the mining and the unexploited areas. Conclusion Mining of Mo had changed not only the Mo concentration in soil but also Mo absorption and translocation in plants. Plants growing in the mining area absorbed more Mo from the soil but translocated relatively less to shoots than plants of the unexploited area. However, the mechanisms of Mo absorption and translocation of plants in mining area should be further studied in the future.

scholarly journals Hydrochemistry Characteristics of Groundwater with the Influence of Spatial Variability and Water Flow in Hetao Irrigation District, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongying Yuan ◽  
Shuqing Yang ◽  
Bo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Silicate Rock ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Weakly Alkaline ◽  
Solute Content ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
Hetao Irrigation District

Abstract Groundwater is an important resource of water in arid and semi-arid agricultural regions. This study considered the spatial differentiation of geographical features and the concentration of groundwater flow. The upstream of the Hetao Irrigation District Shenwu Irrigation Area (SWIA) and the downstream Wulate Irrigation Area (WLTIA) were selected as the study area, and a total of 85 groundwater samples (42 from SW and 43 from WLTIA) were collected. The aims of the study were to analyze the chemical composition and main control mechanisms of groundwater, and to evaluate the suitability of groundwater irrigation in the study area from the perspective of salt and alkali damage. Geological and environmental factors increase the spatial variability of groundwater chemical characteristics in the Hetao Irrigation District. In addition the groundwater of the study area is weakly alkaline, with the flow of groundwater; the solute content of downstream (WLTIA) is higher than that of upstream (SWIA); SWIA is mainly fresh water (47.62%); and WLTIA is mainly brackish water (65.12%). The main water chemistry types are Cl-Na type, Cl·SO-Ca· Mg type, Na+ and Cl− have obvious advantages in WLTIA, and they are the main contribution indicators of groundwater TDS in the study area. Rock weathering, ions exchange and evaporate crystallization are the main controlling factors for groundwater in the Hetao Irrigation District. Na+ mainly originates from the dissolution of evaporate salt rock and silicate rock, and Ca2+ from the dissolution of gypsum and carbonate. The order of contribution of different rocks is evaporation rock > silicate rock > carbonate rock, and the contribution rates of human activities and atmospheric input are small. The groundwater quality of the upstream SW is better than that of the downstream WLTIA. However, due to the high chemical ion concentration of the groundwater, most of the groundwater cannot be directly used for irrigation, which may cause salt and alkali damage. Therefore, when using groundwater irrigation, either drip irrigation or irrigation water aeration pretreatment can be used to avoid damages such as reduced soil permeability and compaction.

scholarly journals Analysis of Soil Pollution Degree and Causes Based on Mathematical Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Yunhui Zeng ◽  
Yuanbiao Zhang ◽  
Shusheng Huang ◽  
Hongfei Guo ◽  
Yilin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Index Method ◽  
The City ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

Taking the heavy metal pollution in the urban surface soil as the object, this paper analyzes the degree of heavy metal pollution in different areas in the city and the main causes of pollution. Firstly, this paper uses Kriging interpolation method to increase the sample data together with Surfer software to draw the spatial distribution map of eight heavy metals, and then compares the single factor index method and the geological accumulation index-Nemero index method to make a comprehensive evaluation of the heavy metal pollution degree in different areas of the city. It is concluded that the pollution level in the area from slight to heavy is: mountain areas, park green areas, living areas, traffic areas, industrial areas. Then, the main comprehensive index of heavy metals is extracted by the principal component analysis, and the spatial distribution map of the main factors is drawn based on it. According to the spatial distribution map, the main cause of heavy metal pollution is the emission of automobile exhaust and industrial waste, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of heavy metal pollution in the urban surface soil.

Heavy Metal Environmental Assessment of Surface Soil in Rizhao Tea-Planting Areas

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1397-1401
Author(s):  
Shi Xu Wang ◽  
Zu Lu Zhang ◽  
Xue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Synthetic Index ◽  
Heavy Metal Elements

Analysis about contents and distributions of heavy metal elements in soil is one of the primary matters in surveying geochemical environmental quality in Rizhao tea-planting areas. By using 1km×1km sampling data of surface soil in Rizhao tea-planting areas, Geostatistics method is adopted to analyze spatial distribution of heavy metal elements, and nemerow synthetic index method is adopted to assess environmental qualities of heavy metals and show the result out by Kriging interpolation. The assessment results are as follows: the distribution of all the heavy metals besides Cd, Pb is comparatively uniformity; From the result of the single pollution index, the gross part of research areas is clean, only Cd, Ni pollution existed in finitude areas; From the spatial distribution of nemerow synthetic pollution index, 88.41% of the research areas soil belongs to level I, and 6.44% belongs to level II, and 5.14% level III, while no area belongs to level IV and level V.

Salt Tolerance of Wheat in Hetao Irrigation District and Its Ecological Adaptable Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 909-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Jie TONG ◽  
Qian LIU ◽  
Fu CHEN ◽  
Xin-Ya WEN ◽  
Zhong-Hao LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Hetao Irrigation District

scholarly journals A unique vadose zone model for shallow aquifers: the Hetao irrigation district, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 3097-3115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyi Liu ◽  
Xingwang Wang ◽  
Zailin Huo ◽  
Tammo Siert Steenhuis
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Hetao Irrigation District

Abstract. Rapid population growth is increasing pressure on the world water resources. Agriculture will require crops to be grown with less water. This is especially the case for the closed Yellow River basin, necessitating a better understanding of the fate of irrigation water in the soil. In this paper, we report on a field experiment and develop a physically based model for the shallow groundwater in the Hetao irrigation district in Inner Mongolia, in the arid middle reaches of the Yellow River. Unlike other approaches, this model recognizes that field capacity is reached when the matric potential is equal to the height above the groundwater table and not by a limiting soil conductivity. The field experiment was carried out in 2016 and 2017. Daily moisture contents at five depths in the top 90 cm and groundwater table depths were measured in two fields with a corn crop. The data collected were used for model calibration and validation. The calibration and validation results show that the model-simulated soil moisture and groundwater depth fitted well. The model can be used in areas with shallow groundwater to optimize irrigation water use and minimize tailwater losses.

Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metal Ions in Glass Forming Melts: Spectroscopic and Physical-Chemical Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 39-40 ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Anan’ev ◽  
L. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Distribution Coefficient ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Brillouin Scattering ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Sodium Borate ◽  
Glass Host ◽  
Glass Forming

Spatial distribution of heavy metal ions (HMI) in inorganic glass forming melts was studied by measuring HMI distribution coefficient between two unmixable melts: sodium-borate glass forming melt and non-glass forming molten sodium sulfate. Combining the data on glass host composition dependence of HMI distribution coefficient with the data of Rayleigh and Mandel’shtam-Brillouin scattering (RMBS) spectroscopy of glasses doped with HMI and undoped ones made it possible to evidence the segregation of HMI into alkali-enriched inhomogeneities of glass hosts and offer the approach to choosing compositions of glass host in which HMI segregation will be minimized.

Heavy metal and essential elements in beers from turkey market: A risk assessment study

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712199321
Author(s):  
M Charehsaz ◽  
S Helvacıoğlu ◽  
S Çetinkaya ◽  
R Demir ◽  
O Erdem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals

In this study, the level of arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and also essential elements in beer samples consumed in Turkey were investigated using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. The heavy metal-induced non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were calculated. For essential elements, the calculated estimated daily intake of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), selenium (Se) and cobalt (Co) from beer consumption were compared with their toxicity reference values. Tukey post-hoc test showed that As was found at a significantly higher level when compared to Pb. Also, a significant correlation was found between As level and alcohol by volume percent. All samples had a hazard quotient and hazard index <1, indicating no non-carcinogenic risk from exposure to single or multiple heavy metals. Some samples exceeded the threshold limit of acceptable cancer risk for As in the high beer consumer group. This assessment showed that in addition to health implications based on the alcohol content of beer, there might be a carcinogenic risk associated with the heavy metals content of these beverages.

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