Unraveling the Low Frequency Triggered Electromagnetic Signatures in Potentized Homeopathic Medicine

Abstract In the present work, a novel experimental tool was developed to precisely measure the potency levels in various homeopathic medicines, under various excitation frequencies. Electromagnetic responses (output voltages) are detected from the homeopathic medicines in different potencies. These unique electromagnetic responses were captured using an electromagnetic coil at 300 Hz and 4.8 kHz for each potency level developed in-house. Different potencies of Homeopathic medicine Ferrum Metallicum (FM-1X to FM-6X), prepared with α‑lactose monohydrate as its base, exhibited significant and distinct electromagnetic signals. At high excitation frequency, the output signal voltage from high homeopathic potencies had a better resolution compared to the signal obtained at lower frequency. The electromagnetic signal of various homeopathic medicines was also measured, and a distinct output voltage corresponding to each potency level was detected. Our experimental results confirmed that each homeopathic medicine has characteristic electromagnetic signals under excitation/resonance frequency. The results not only provide scientific evidence to easily classify the homeopathic medicine potency but, also helps to understand the science behind the curative action in terms of photon emission of homeopathic medicines.

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PEMANFAATAN RADIASI ENERGI TEGANGAN 150 KV UNTUK LAMPU LED PENERANGAN JALAN

Jurnal Teknik ◽

10.31000/jt.v7i1.936 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mauludi Manfaluthy

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Electric Field ◽

High Voltage ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

World Health ◽

Electromagnetic Signals ◽

Health Organization ◽

The Magnetic Field ◽

Low Frequency Waves

WHO (World Health Organization) concludes that not much effect is caused by electric field up to 20 kV / m in humans. WHO standard also mentions that humans will not be affected by the magnetic field under 100 micro tesla and that the electric field will affect the human body with a maximum standard of 5,000 volts per meter. In this study did not discuss about the effect of high voltage radiation SUTT (High Voltage Air Channel) with human health. The research will focus on energy utilization of SUTT radiation. The combination of electric field and magnetic field on SUTT (70-150KV) can generate electromagnetic (EM) and radiation waves, which are expected to be converted to turn on street lights around the location of high voltage areas or into other forms. The design of this prototype works like an antenna in general that captures electromagnetic signals and converts them into AC waves. With a capacitor that can store the potential energy of AC and Schottky diode waves created specifically for low frequency waves, make the current into one direction (DC). From the research results obtained the current generated from the radiation is very small even though the voltage is big enough.Keywords : Radiance Energy, Joule Thief, and LED Module.

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Gravitational and Electromagnetic Perturbations of a Charged Black Hole in a General Gauge Condition

Particles ◽

10.3390/particles4020012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 106-128

Author(s):

Claudia Moreno ◽

Juan Carlos Degollado ◽

Darío Núñez ◽

Carlos Rodríguez-Leal

Keyword(s):

Black Hole ◽

Scalar Function ◽

Gauge Condition ◽

Fluid Distribution ◽

Electromagnetic Signal ◽

Charged Fluid ◽

Coupled Equations ◽

Electromagnetic Signals ◽

Limiting Case ◽

Weyl Scalar

We derive a set of coupled equations for the gravitational and electromagnetic perturbation in the Reissner–Nordström geometry using the Newman–Penrose formalism. We show that the information of the physical gravitational signal is contained in the Weyl scalar function Ψ4, as is well known, but for the electromagnetic signal, the information is encoded in the function χ, which relates the perturbations of the radiative Maxwell scalars φ2 and the Weyl scalar Ψ3. In deriving the perturbation equations, we do not impose any gauge condition and as a limiting case, our analysis contains previously obtained results, for instance, those from Chandrashekhar’s book. In our analysis, we also include the sources for the perturbations and focus on a dust-like charged fluid distribution falling radially into the black hole. Finally, by writing the functions on the basis of spin-weighted spherical harmonics and the Reissner–Nordström spacetime in Kerr–Schild type coordinates, a hyperbolic system of coupled partial differential equations is presented and numerically solved. In this way, we completely solve a system that generates a gravitational signal as well as an electromagnetic/gravitational one, which sets the basis to find correlations between them and thus facilitates gravitational wave detection via electromagnetic signals.

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Simulation on the Physical Process of Neural Electromagnetic Signal Generation Based on a Simple but Functional Bionic Na+ Channel

Chinese Physics B ◽

10.1088/1674-1056/ac3cac ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fan Wang ◽

Jingjing Xu ◽

Yanbin Ge ◽

Shengyong Xu ◽

Yanjun Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Equilibrium ◽

Electromagnetic Signal ◽

Na Channel ◽

Physical Processes ◽

Flux Transport ◽

Ionic Flux ◽

Concentration Difference ◽

Voltage Gated ◽

Electromagnetic Signals ◽

The Impact

Abstract The physical processes occurring at open Na+ channels in neural fibers are essential for understanding the nature of neural signals and the mechanism by which the signals are generated and transmitted along nerves. However, there is less generally accepted description of these physical processes. We studied changes in the transmembrane ionic flux and the resulting two types of electromagnetic signals by simulating the Na+ transport across a bionic nanochannel model simplified from voltage-gated Na+ channels. Results show that the Na+ flux can reach a steady state in approximately 10 ns owing to the dynamic equilibrium of Na+ ions concentration difference between the both sides of membrane. After characterizing the spectrum and transmission of these two electromagnetic signals, the low-frequency transmembrane electric field is regarded as the physical quantity transmitting in waveguide-like lipid dielectric layer and triggering the neighboring voltage-gated channels. Factors influencing the Na+ flux transport are also studied. The impact of the Na+ concentration gradient is found higher than that of the initial transmembrane potential on the Na+ transport rate, and introducing the surface-negative charge in the upper third channel could increase the transmembrane Na+ current. This work can be further studied by improving the simulation model; however, the current work helps to better understand the electrical functions of voltage-gated ion channels in neural systems.

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Mechanisms and Mitigation of 3D Coupled Vibrations in Drilling with PDC Bits

10.2118/205904-ms ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shilin Chen ◽

Chris Propes ◽

Curtis Lanning ◽

Brad Dunbar

Keyword(s):

Torsional Oscillation ◽

Excitation Frequency ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Coupled Vibration ◽

Stick Slip ◽

Rock Interaction ◽

Bottom Hole ◽

New Type ◽

Design Characteristics ◽

Axial Resonance

Abstract In this paper we present a new type of vibration related to PDC bits in drilling and its mitigation: a vibration coupled in axial, lateral and torsional directions at a high common frequency (3D coupled vibration). The coupled frequency is as high as 400Hz. 3D coupled vibration is a new dysfunction in drilling operation. This type of vibration occurred more often than stick-slip vibration. Evidences reveal that the coupled frequency is an excitation frequency coming from the bottom hole pattern formed in bit/rock interaction. This excitation frequency and its higher order harmonics may excite axial resonance and/or torsional resonance of a BHA. The nature of 3D coupled vibration is more harmful than low frequency stick-slip vibration and high frequency torsional oscillation (HFTO). The correlation between the occurrence of 3D coupled vibration and bit design characteristics is studied. Being different from prior publications, we found the excitation frequency is dependent on bit design and the occurrence of 3D coupled vibration is correlated with bit design characteristics. New design guidlines have been proposed to reduce or to mitigate 3D coupled vibration.

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Experimental Research about the Application of ER Elastomer in the Shock Absorber

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.641-642.371 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 641-642 ◽

pp. 371-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shi Sha Zhu ◽

Xue Peng Qian ◽

Hao He ◽

Quan Fu Zhang

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

External Electric Field ◽

Shock Absorber ◽

Hybrid Control ◽

Excitation Frequency ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Structural Vibration ◽

Shear Mode ◽

Response Performance ◽

Better Than

When the Electrorheological elastomer (ERE) is embedded into intelligence structure system, the structure damping and stiffness of the system can be changed quickly and reversibly under an external electric field. Thus, the application of the Electrorheological elastomer in the active and passive hybrid control of structural vibration has already attracted people's wide attention. In this paper, three types of ER elastomer were prepared based on barium titanate, starch, then the microstructure of ER elastomer was observed and the mechanical properties were analyzed; a shear mode ERE shock absorber was designed, the vibration response performance of which was experimentally evaluated under various excitation frequency with or without the applied field. The experimental results showed that the damping and stiffness of the shock absorber could be modified with a changing external electric field, whose macro-features was that the damping coefficient increased with the increase of the electric field, and the damping effect in the high frequency was better than in the low frequency.

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Nonlinear Combination Resonances in Cantilever Composite Plates

Volume 3A: 15th Biennial Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise — Vibration of Nonlinear, Random, and Time-Varying Systems ◽

10.1115/detc1995-0294 ◽

1995 ◽

Author(s):

Kyoyul Oh ◽

Ali H. Nayfeh

Keyword(s):

Natural Frequencies ◽

Excitation Frequency ◽

Power Spectra ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Composite Plates ◽

High Amplitude ◽

Mode Shapes ◽

Laser Vibrometer ◽

Combination Resonance ◽

Response Curves

Abstract We experimentally investigated nonlinear combination resonances in a graphite-epoxy cantilever plate having the configuration (–75/75/75/ – 75/75/ – 75)s. As a first step, we compared the natural frequencies and mode shapes obtained from the finite-element and experimental modal analyses. The largest difference in the obtained frequencies was 2.6%. Then, we transversely excited the plate and obtained force-response and frequency-response curves, which were used to characterize the plate dynamics. We acquired time-domain data for specific input conditions using an A/D card and used them to generate time traces, power spectra, pseudo-state portraits, and Poincaré maps. The data were obtained with an accelerometer monitoring the excitation and a laser vibrometer monitoring the plate response. We observed the external combination resonance Ω≈12(ω2+ω5) and the internal combination resonance Ω≈ω8≈12(ω2+ω13), where the ωi are the natural frequencies of the plate and Ω is the excitation frequency. The results show that a low-amplitude high-frequency excitation can produce a high-amplitude low-frequency motion.

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Low-Frequency Vibration Sensor with a Sub-nm Sensitivity Using a Bidomain Lithium Niobate Crystal

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19030614 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 614 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ilya Kubasov ◽

Aleksandr Kislyuk ◽

Andrei Turutin ◽

Alexander Bykov ◽

Dmitry Kiselev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lithium Niobate ◽

Excitation Frequency ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Vibration Sensor ◽

Gravitational Acceleration ◽

Frequency Sensor ◽

Linear Behavior ◽

Low Frequency Vibration ◽

Acceleration Amplitude ◽

Vibrational Excitations

We present a low-frequency sensor for the detection of vibrations, with a sub-nm amplitude, based on a cantilever made of a single-crystalline lithium niobate (LiNbO3) plate, with a bidomain ferroelectric structure. The sensitivity of the sensor-to-sinusoidal vibrational excitations was measured in terms of displacement as well as of acceleration amplitude. We show a linear behavior of the response, with the vibrational displacement amplitude in the entire studied frequency range up to 150 Hz. The sensitivity of the developed sensor varies from minimum values of 20 μV/nm and 7 V/g (where g = 9.81 m/s2 is the gravitational acceleration), at a frequency of 23 Hz, to peak values of 92.5 mV/nm and 2443 V/g, at the mechanical resonance of the cantilever at 97.25 Hz. The smallest detectable vibration depended on the excitation frequency and varied from 100 nm, at 7 Hz, to 0.1 nm, at frequencies above 38 Hz. Sensors using bidomain lithium niobate single crystals, as sensitive elements, are promising for the detection of ultra-weak low-frequency vibrations in a wide temperature range and in harsh environments.

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Investigation of ULF magnetic pulsations, air conductivity changes, and infra red signatures associated with the 30 October Alum Rock M5.4 earthquake

Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ◽

10.5194/nhess-9-585-2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 585-603 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

T. Bleier ◽

C. Dunson ◽

M. Maniscalco ◽

N. Bryant ◽

R. Bambery ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Data ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Field Tests ◽

P Wave ◽

Electromagnetic Signal ◽

San Jose ◽

Data Set ◽

Bay Area ◽

Conductivity Sensor ◽

Magnetic Pulsations

Abstract. Several electromagnetic signal types were observed prior to and immediately after 30 October 2007 (Local Time) M5.4 earthquake at Alum Rock, Ca with an epicenter ~15 km NE of San Jose Ca. The area where this event occurred had been monitored since November 2005 by a QuakeFinder magnetometer site, unit 609, 2 km from the epicenter. This instrument is one of 53 stations of the QuakeFinder (QF) California Magnetometer Network-CalMagNet. This station included an ultra low frequency (ULF) 3-axis induction magnetometer, a simple air conductivity sensor to measure relative airborne ion concentrations, and a geophone to identify the arrival of the P-wave from an earthquake. Similar in frequency content to the increased ULF activity reported two weeks prior to the Loma Prieta M7.0 quake in 1989 (Fraser-Smith, 1990, 1991), the QF station detected activity in the 0.01–12 Hz bands, but it consisted of an increasing number of short duration (1 to 30 s duration) pulsations. The pulsations peaked around 13 days prior to the event. The amplitudes of the pulses were strong, (3–20 nT), compared to the average ambient noise at the site, (10–250 pT), which included a component arising from the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) operations. The QF station also detected different pulse shapes, e.g. negative or positive only polarity, with some pulses including a combination of positive and negative. Typical pulse counts over the previous year ranged from 0–15 per day, while the count rose to 176 (east-west channel) on 17 October, 13 days prior to the quake. The air conductivity sensor saturated for over 14 h during the night and morning prior to the quake, which occurred at 20:29 LT. Anomalous IR signatures were also observed in the general area, within 50 km of the epicenter, during the 2 weeks prior to the quake. These three simultaneous EM phenomena were compared with data collected over a 1–2-year period at the site. The data was also compared against accounts of air ionization reported to be associated with radon emission from the ground (Ouzounov, 2007), and a series of laboratory rock stressing experiments (Freund, 2006, 2007a, b, c) to determine if field data was consistent either of these accounts. We could not find a data set with pre-earthquake radon measurements taken near the Alum Rock epicenter to compare against our field data. However, based on the Alum Rock data set example and another data set at Parkfield, the field tests are at least consistent with the lab experiments showing currents, magnetic field disturbances, air conductivity changes, and IR signatures. This is encouraging, but more instrumented earthquake examples are needed to prove a repeating pattern for these types of pre-earthquake EM signatures. For more information on QuakeFinder please view http://www.quakefinder.com.

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NONLINEAR LOW FREQUENCY WATER WAVES IN A CYLINDRICAL SHELL

Modern Physics Letters B ◽

10.1142/s0217984905010049 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (28n29) ◽

pp. 1615-1618 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. W. PENG ◽

D. J. WANG ◽

C. B. LEE

Keyword(s):

High Frequency ◽

Water Waves ◽

Water Wave ◽

Excitation Frequency ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Viscous Effect ◽

First Approximation ◽

Quantitative Results ◽

High Frequency Excitation ◽

Frequency Excitation

The experiment was carried out to study the low frequency surface waves due to the horizontal high frequency excitation. The feature of the phenomenon was that the big amplitude axisymmetric surface wave frequency was typically about 1/50 of the excitation frequency. The viscous effect of water was neglected as a first approximation in the earlier papers on this subject. In contrast, we found the viscosity was important to achieve the low frequency water wave with the cooperation of hundreds of "finger" waves. Photographs were taken with stroboscopic lighting and thereafter relevant quantitative results were obtained based on the measurements with Polytec Scanning Vibrometer PSV 400.

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