Reduction of Environmental Chemicals, Toxicity and Particulate Matter in Wet Scrubber Device to Achieve Zero Emissions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnaraj Ramaswamy ◽  
Leta Tesfaye Jule ◽  
Nagaprasad N ◽  
Kumaran subramanian ◽  
Shanmugam R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Foundry Industry ◽  
Secondary Pollution ◽  
Wet Scrubber

Abstract When fine particles generated by the foundry industry are present in the atmosphere, they have an impact on the climate because of their influence on atmospheric radioactive phenomena. As a result of this scenario, there is a rising amount of legislation restricting the emission of pollutants from foundry industries and related businesses. In response to this situation, many researchers have concentrated on end-of-pipe technologies, one of which is the wet scrubber, which is a device that is primarily used in foundries to control pollution and is one of the devices that has been incorporated. The disadvantage of using this wet scrubber, on the other hand, is that it contributes to secondary pollution when it is used. In order to combat secondary pollution, a model of an enhanced wet scrubber system that incorporates a multi-sand filtering technology was developed. The performance of this redesigned wet scrubber system was evaluated with the use of computational fluid dynamics software. Because of the introduction of the filtration tank's computation, it was discovered that successful filtration was accomplished using sand filters, meaning that environmental chemicals and particles were totally filtered from 0.17 kg at the entrance to zero kg of particles at the outflow.

scholarly journals Biomagnetic Monitoring vs. CFD Modeling: A Real Case Study of Near-Source Depositions of Traffic-Related Particulate Matter along a Motorway

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1285
Author(s):  
Sarah Letaïef ◽  
Pierre Camps ◽  
Thierry Poidras ◽  
Patrick Nicol ◽  
Delphine Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

A test site located along a 12-lane motorway east of Montpellier, France, is used to evaluate the potential of biomagnetic monitoring on traffic-related particulate matter (PM) to parametrize a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the local airflow. Two configurations were established on the site with three vegetated flat-top earth berms of a basic design, and a fourth one was located windward to the traffic roofed with a 4-m-high precast concrete wall. As a first step, PM deposition simultaneously on plant leaves, on low-cost passive artificial filters, and on soils was estimated from proxies supplied by magnetic and X-ray fluorescence measurements on both sides of the motorway. These latter revealed that traffic-related pollutants are present on soils samples highlighted with a clear fingerprint of combustion residues, and wears of breaks, vehicles, and highway equipment. Maximum PM accumulations were detected in the lee of the berm–wall combination, while no significant deposition was observed on both sides of the flat-top earth berms. These results are in line with measurements from PM µ-sensors operated by the regional state-approved air quality agency. Finally, we compared the experimental measurements with the outcomes of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling based on the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations that consider the traffic-induced momentum and turbulence. The CFD modeling matches the experimental results by predicting a recirculated flow in the near wake of the berm–wall combination that enhances the PM concentration, whereas the flat-top berm geometry does not alter the pollutants’ transport and indeed contributes to their atmospheric dispersion.

Effect of the Red Blood Cells on the Primary Thrombus Formation

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichiro Yano ◽  
Daisuke Mori ◽  
Ken-ichi Tsubota ◽  
Takuji Ishikawa ◽  
Shigeo Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
Molecular Bridge

It has been pointed out that some mechanical factors play important roles in a series of physiological or biochemical processes during the thrombus formation. Recently, many studies including the authors’ work qualitatively demonstrated how the thrombus is regulated under the influences of the blood flow and the intercellular molecular bridge using computational fluid dynamics techniques[1–4]. They verified the importance of the balance of them in the process of the thrombus formation. However, few studies have taken into account the existence of the other cell constituents than the platelet such as red blood cell (RBC).

scholarly journals Modeling of hydrodynamics of fine particles deposition in packed-bed reactors

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Rabbani ◽  
Mohamed Sassi ◽  
Tariq Shamim
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Momentum Exchange ◽  
Packed Bed Reactors ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Model

With the passage of time for chemical operations involving packed-bed reactors, especially in petroleum refining and petrochemical industries, non-filterable fines such as coke, corrosion products and fine clay in oilsands bitumen deposit on the catalyst particles. The gradual entrapment and deposition of fine particles of range 0.7–20 µm cause the pore-plugging phenomenon to occur which consequently blocks the flow passages inside the porous medium. To understand the plugging phenomenon and its effect on hydrodynamic of the reactor, we developed a computational fluid dynamics model which is based on reactor collection efficiency, filtration rate, Brownian motion and interfacial momentum exchange terms to simulate the pressure drop due to deposition of fine particles in real conditions. With the help of this model, we have studied the effect of fines deposition on bed porosity and clogging. This is for the first time that Ansys Fluent has been used to simulate fine-particle deposition in packed-bed conditions. The result was a Eulerian–Eulerian 2-D computational fluid dynamics model which considered all the three phases, i.e. liquid, catalyst and fine particles. The results were validated against the experiments reported in the literature and reached good agreement.

Vehicles Aerodynamics while Crossing each other on Road Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics

2010 ◽  
Vol 29-32 ◽  
pp. 1344-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Ying Chao Zhang ◽  
Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Aerodynamic Force ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moving Mesh ◽  
Aerodynamic Coefficients ◽  
Paper Report ◽  
Vehicle Aerodynamics ◽  
Simulation Results

When vehicles run on road, they will be overtaken, cross by other vehicles or be impacted by crosswind. The other events of overtaking and in crosswind were investigated more deeply. A few of paper report the state of the research on this problem. Until now there are no any wind tunnel and road tests to study on road vehicle aerodynamics while crossing each other. Some numerical simulations were carried out by adopting technology of sliding interface and moving mesh. The method of numerical simulations was narrated in detail. The transient process of vehicles crossing each other was realized. Then the trends of aerodynamic coefficients changing were obtained from the flow field of simulation results. The quantificational changing of vehicles aerodynamic coefficients was obtained when they cross each other. The vehicles are sedan and coach. The simulation results indicated that the all aerodynamic coefficients of two vehicles changed large. The aerodynamic force was important to the vehicles’ handling stability when they cross each other.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Centrifugal Nozzle

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Smith ◽  
Robert N. Eli
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Fluid Mixing ◽  
Cfd Models ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

This paper reports on a laboratory experiment conducted more than 30 years ago (Eli, 1974, unpublished), and recent Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) investigations, focusing on the properties of a plane tangential jet produced by an apparatus called a “centrifugal nozzle.” The authors believe that the centrifugal nozzle has potential industrial applications in several areas related to fluid mixing and particulate matter suspension in mixing tanks. It is also believed that this experiment, or one similar, may provide data useful for benchmarking CFD models.

Computational fluid dynamics simulations of cerebral aneurysm using Newtonian, power-law and quasi-mechanistic blood viscosity models

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (7) ◽  
pp. 711-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid M Saqr
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Wall Shear Stress ◽  
Power Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Wall ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Wall Shear ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Cerebral aneurysm is a fatal neurovascular disorder. Computational fluid dynamics simulation of aneurysm haemodynamics is one of the most important research tools which provide increasing potential for clinical applications. However, computational fluid dynamics modelling of such delicate neurovascular disorder involves physical complexities that cannot be easily simplified. Recently, it was shown that the Newtonian simplification used to close the shear stress tensor of the Navier–Stokes equation is not sufficient to explore aneurysm haemodynamics. This article explores the differences between the latter simplification, non-Newtonian power-law model and a newly proposed quasi-mechanistic model. The modified Krieger model, which treats blood as a suspension of plasma and particles, was implemented in computational fluid dynamics context here for the first time and is made available to the readers in a C# code in the supplementary material of this article. Two middle-cerebral artery and two anterior-communicating artery aneurysms, all ruptured, were utilized here as case studies. It was shown that the modified Krieger model had higher sensitivity for wall shear stress calculations in comparison with the other two models. The modified Krieger model yielded lower wall shear stress values consistently in comparison with the other two models. Moreover, the modified Krieger model has generally predicted higher pressure in the aneurysm models. Based on published aneurysm rupture studies, it is believed that ruptured aneurysms are usually correlated with lower wall shear stress values than unruptured ones. Therefore, this work concludes that the modified Krieger model is a potential candidate for providing better clinical relevance to aneurysm computational fluid dynamics simulations.

A Novel Method that uses Light to Test Aerodynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhyey Patel
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Method ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Wind Tunnels ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation ◽  
New Novel ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Cost

Aerodynamics is a very important topic which has uses in a wide array of fields and is involved in things that range from bridges to spacecrafts. Despite this, most aerodynamic tests are performed only one of two ways, using extremely expensive wind tunnels or by using CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation. Both of these preexisting methods have flaws however, with wind tunnels costing gargantuan amounts of money and CFD methods consuming large amounts of energy. These flaws have prompted scientist and engineers to actively seek new solutions and methods that will help to address the cost and energy issues associated with the other two methods. This search has been to no avail so far as new novel methods have not been found until now. I have found a new method that concerns the use of light in order to test the aerodynamics of objects. To prove the feasibility, I have experimented using this method and have found it to accurately simulate aerodynamics behavior in all cases tested by me. This discovery is rather significant as it would lead to a substantial shift in the field of testing aerodynamics.

scholarly journals Structural improvements on hydrodynamic separators: a computational fluid dynamics approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 2898-2908
Author(s):  
Joseph Albert Mendoza ◽  
Dong Hoon Lee ◽  
Sang-Il Lee ◽  
Joo-Hyon Kang
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Swirling Flow ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Gravity Settling ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Structural Configurations ◽  
Plate Type

Hydrodynamic separators (HDSs) have been used extensively to reduce stormwater pollutants from urbanized areas before entering the receiving water bodies. They primarily remove particulates and associated pollutants using gravity settling. Two types of HDSs with different structural configurations of the inner vortex-inducing components were presented in this study. One configuration consisted of a dip cylindrical plate with a center shaft while the other one has a hollow screen inside. With the help of computational fluid dynamics, the performance of these different types of HDSs have been evaluated and comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the particle removal efficiency was better with the cylindrical plate type HDSs than the screen type HDSs because of the larger swirling flow regime formed inside the device. Plate type HDSs were found more effective in removing fine particles (∼50 μm) than the screen type HDSs that were only efficient in removing large particles (≥250 μm). Structural improvements in a HDS such as increase in diameter and angle of the inlet pipe can enhance the removal efficiencies by up to 20% for plate type HDS while increase in the screen diameter can increase removal efficiencies of the screen type HDS.

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