Coverage and Determinants of Infant Postnatal Care in Nigeria: a Population-based Cross-sectional Study

Abstract Background: In 2019, Nigeria had the most under-5 child deaths globally, many of which occurred within the neonatal period, especially in the first week after birth. Despite the effectiveness of infant postnatal care (PNC) attendance recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), this problem persists. Therefore, the study examined coverage and determinants of infant PNC attendance in Nigeria. Methods: Nigeria Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) 2018 data were used to evaluate infant PNC coverage and determinants. Infant PNC was defined as receipt of care within two days of birth. Children delivered up to two years before the 2018 NDHS were included. We examined predictors of infant PNC with Poisson regression models to estimate relative risks (RR).Results: The national coverage of infant PNC was 37.3% (95% CI: 35.8%–38.7%). Significant heterogeneity in PNC attendance exists at state and regional levels. Facility delivery was strongly associated with uptake of PNC (RR: 6.07; 95% CI: 5.60–6.58). Greater maternal education, maternal employment, urban residence, female head of household, and greater wealth were also associated with increased likelihood of PNC visits. Conclusions: Uptake of infant PNC in Nigeria is low. Interventions are urgently needed to promote equity in access and increase demand.

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Utilization of Postnatal among Mothers having under Two years Child in Mahalaxmi Municipality, Lalitpur, Nepal

Journal of Advanced Academic Research ◽

10.3126/jaar.v4i2.19539 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 92-98

Author(s):

Radha Kumari Paudel ◽

Mamata Maharjan ◽

Sabina Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Postnatal Care ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Utilization ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Services ◽

Educational Package ◽

Postnatal Women ◽

Education Status

Postnatal care is a critical phase in the lives of mothers and newborn babies as major changes occur during this period which determines the well-being of mothers and newborns. Adequate utilization of postnatal care can help reduce maternal as well as infant morbidity and mortality. Thus, this study generates the information regarding postnatal care utilization in Lubhu of Mahalaxmi Municipality. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in a Lubhu of Lalitpur district. The study sample comprised of 130 mothers having unser2 year’s children in year 2017. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The findings showed that majority of mothers fall under age group 20-29, maximum were from Hindu and Newar ethnicity. This study highlighted more than half (67.7%) mothers utilize the postnatal services. One of the important reasons for not utilizing postnatal services is absence of disease condition in child followed by less knowledge about postnatal services. There was a significant (p=0.018) association between mothers’ education status with utilization of postnatal services. This study concludes that maternal education status affects the maternal utilization of postnatal care services. In order to achieve 100% postnatal care utilization, awareness programs, educational package and other various Postnatal women focused program must be conducted to make them aware about the importance of the utilization of Postnatal services and availability of Postnatal services in different level of health facility.

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Stunting and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 6-59 Months From Households in Productive Safety Net Program and Non-productive Safety Net Program in Meta District, East Hararghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia: a Comparative Cross – Sectional Study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-757635/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aklilu Tesfaye ◽

Gudina Egata

Keyword(s):

Maternal Education ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Safety Net ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract Background: Undernutrition is one of the major public health problems affecting children in developing settings. Despite impressive interventions such as productive safety net program (PSNP) in Ethiopia, there is paucity of information on the prevalence of stunting and its predictors among children aged 6-59 months born to beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of the program in Ethiopia. Methods: Community based comparative cross sectional study design was used among randomly selected 1555 children aged 6 to 59 months from households using and not using PSNP respectively in Meta distinct from 5th-20th of March, 2017. Data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaire. Measuring board was used to measure the length/height of the children. Length/height for age z-score was generated using world Health Organization (WHO) Anthros version 3.2.2. Descriptive statistics was used to describe all relevant data. Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to predictors of the outcome variable. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval were estimated to measure the strength of the association. Level of statistical significance was declared at p-value less than 0.05. Result: The prevalence of stunting was 47.7%, 95% CI: (44.1%, 51.5%) among children from PSNP beneficiary households and 33.5%, 95% CI: (29.9%, 36.9%) from non-PSNP households respectively. Lack of maternal education [AOR = 3.39; 95% CI: (1.12, 5.11)], lack of women’s empowerment [AOR= 3.48; 95% CI: (2.36, 5.12)], non-attendance of antenatal care fourth visit [AOR= 4.2, 95% CI (2.5, 6.8)], practicing hand washing [AOR= 0.46; 95% CI: (0.28, 0.76)], childhood illness [AOR= 8.41; 95%CI: (4.58, 12.76)], non-exclusive breastfeeding [AOR= 3.6; 95% CI: (2.30, 4.80)], low dietary diversity score [AOR= 4.7; 95% CI (3.0, 7.40)] , and child ‘s age between 24 to 59 months [AOR = 3.2; 95% CI (1.6, 6.3)] were predictors of stunting. Conclusions: The prevalence of stunting was high among children from PSNP households in the study area. Stunting was significantly associated with maternal socio-demographic and obstetric and child related factors. Therefore, empowering women on household’s issues and improving infant and young child feeding practices could reduce the magnitude of stunting and its impacts on child health.

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COVID-19 Seroepidemiology Study of Yazd Province, First Peak, Spring 2020: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.18502/ssu.v28i12.5780 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Reza Mirjalili ◽

Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh ◽

Mohammad Hasan Lotfi ◽

Mohammad Reza Dehghani ◽

Mohsen Mirzaei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Case ◽

History Of ◽

Health Organization ◽

Chi Square Analysis

Introduction: SARS-COV 19 is a new coronavirus that was reported first time in 30 December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The first case of coronary heart disease in Iran was reported with a definitive test on February 18 in Qom province and the first case in Yazd province on 24 February. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a Covid infection on March 11 a pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroepidemiology of COVID 19 in Yazd province. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional population-based study of seroepidemiological type that was conducted to investigate the serological prevalence of Covid-19 in the period of 3 to 20 May 2020 in Yazd Province. Sampling was clustered and it was without age and sex restrictions. Information was collected including demographic information, adherence to health protocols, and history of clinical symptoms of COVID 19."Pishtaz ELISA Kit" was used to evaluate the IgG and IgM antibody titers against Covid 19. Chi-square, analysis of variance and T tests were used via SPSS.version.16 software Results: Mean age of the participants was 34.3± 17.5. Among the study participants, 507 (54.5%) were women. The serological prevalence of definite cases was 14.91% (95% CI: 12.91-16.91%) and suspicious cases were 2.85% (95% CI:1.85-3.85%). Ardakan City with 32% had the highest and Taft, Mehriz, Khatam with 7% had the lowest prevalence of COVID 19 (P <0.05). Conclusion: By June 2020, nearly 18% of the population of the province was definitively or suspiciously infected with COVID 19. Unfortunately, up to 25% of the population does not follow the early prevention protocols of COVID 19.

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Severe maternal morbidity and its associated factors: A cross-sectional study in Morang district, Nepal

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0261033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0261033

Author(s):

Sushma Rajbanshi ◽

Mohd Noor Norhayati ◽

Nik Hussain Nik Hazlina

Keyword(s):

Maternal Morbidity ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Severe Maternal Morbidity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Organization

Background Understanding maternal morbidity and its determinants can help identify opportunities to prevent obstetric complications and improvements for maternal health. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and the associated factors. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Koshi Hospital, Nepal, from January to March 2020. All women who met the inclusion criteria of age ≥18 years of age, Morang residents of Nepalese nationality, had received routine antenatal care, and given birth at Koshi Hospital were recruited consecutively. The World Health Organization criteria were used to identify the women with SMM. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Overall, 346 women were recruited. Findings The prevalence of SMM was 6.6%. Among the SMM cases, the most frequently occurring SMM conditions were hypertensive disorders (12, 56.5%), hemorrhagic disorders (6, 26.1%), and severe management indicators (8, 34.8%). Women with no or primary education (adjusted odds ratio: 0.10, 95% confidence interval: 0.01, 0.76) decreased the odds of SMM compared to secondary education. Conclusion The approximately 7% prevalence of SMM correlated with global studies. Maternal education was significantly associated with SMM. If referral hospitals were aware of the expected prevalence of potentially life-threatening maternal conditions, they could plan to avert future reproductive complications.

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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Coronavirus Disease-19: Population-Based Study in Iraq

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2020.4965 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (T1) ◽

pp. 137-141

Author(s):

Hasanain Fisal Ghazi ◽

Taqi Mohammed Jwad Taher ◽

Mohammed A. AbdalQader ◽

Rana Hussein Raheema ◽

Mohammed Faez Baobaid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Communicable Disease ◽

Face Mask ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Knowledge Practice ◽

Health Organization ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

INTRODUCTION: In March 2020, the world health organization declared Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 a pandemic global communicable disease, there is neither a vaccine nor a treatment for this virus. The aim of the current study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of Iraqi population toward COVID-19. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 272 respondents from different states of Iraq using online administered questionnaires. The questions were adopted from the previous study and consist of three parts mainly socio-demographic, KAP. RESULTS: The majority of the respondents had good knowledge regarding COVID-19 (95.2%). A total of 97.8% of the respondents knew that COVID-19 caused by a virus. Regarding incubation period, 75% of them answer correctly that it is 2–15 days. Higher percept (39%) and 37.9% of participant people considered the disease as a very dangerous and seriously dangerous disease, respectively. The majority (85.3%) of the sample thought that no vaccination available for the disease. More than two-thirds of the sample (76.5%) were wearing face mask sometimes while only 19.5% wearing it all the time. The majority (265) out of 272 was ready to stay home if it required to prevent the spread of the disease. There was a significant association between gender, living state, and COVID-19 knowledge (p = 0.009, <0.0001), respectively. CONCLUSION: The overall knowledge, practice of respondents was good regarding COVID-19. People need to stay at home to prevent the infection and reduce the number of cases.

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Association of Edentulism With Various Chronic Diseases in Mexican Elders 60+ Years: Results of a Population-Based Survey

10.20944/preprints202103.0577.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alejandro José Casanova-Rosado ◽

Juan Fernando Casanova-Rosado ◽

Mirna Minaya-Sánchez ◽

José Luís Robles-Minaya ◽

Juan Alejandro Casanova-Sarmiento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Angina Pectoris ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

World Health ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

World Health Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multi Stage

Objective: To determine the association of edentulism with different chronic diseases in Mexicans aged 60 years and over. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the World Health Survey for Mexico, which had a probabilistic, multi-stage and cluster sampling. The results of the self-report of chronic diseases (diabetes, arthritis, depression, angina pectoris, asthma and schizophrenia) and of edentulism were analyzed. Dental data were available for 20 of the 32 States of the Mexican Republic. Statistical analysis was performed in Stata 14.0 using the svy module for complex samples. Results: In total, 4213 subjects were included, representing a population of 7,576,057 individuals. The mean age was 70.13 ± 7.82 years (limits 60 to 98). Women represented 56.2%. The chronic diseases analyzed were presented as follows: diabetes 15.0% (N = 1,132,693); arthritis 13.2% (N = 1,001,667); depression 5.5% (N = 414,912); angina pectoris 4.5% (344,315); asthma 3.6% (N = 269,287); and schizophrenia 2.2% (N = 16,988). The prevalence of edentulism was 26.3%, which represents 1,993,463 people aged 60 years and over with this characteristic. For the presence of angina in women aged 60 to 69 years (p &lt;0.05) and depression in men aged 70 years and over (p &lt;0.0001), a higher prevalence of edentulism was observed. Conclusions: In general, there was no observation of association between edentulism was observed on the different chronic diseases included in the study. In the stratified analysis, only in women aged 60 to 69 years, for angina, and in men aged 70 and over, for depression, were associated.

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Prevalence of psoriasis and associated risk factors in China: protocol of a nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027685 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e027685 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jing Li ◽

Meiwen Yu ◽

Ya-wen Wang ◽

Jia-an Zhang ◽

Mei Ju ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Low Income ◽

Sampling Design ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

World Health Assembly Resolution ◽

Increased Risk

IntroductionPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease which could lead to serious complications and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Psoriasis was recognised as a serious non-communicable disease with important public health impact by member states in the World Health Assembly resolution in 2014. However, data on psoriasis epidemiology are scarce worldwide, especially from low-income and middle-income countries. Only a few epidemiological studies on psoriasis have been conducted in parts of China, mostly without appropriate sampling design and data analysis.AimThis study aims to obtain the prevalence of psoriasis in China and relevant risk factors through a nationwide, population-based study with adequate statistical design.Methods and analysisThis is a cross-sectional study to be conducted in 60 sites across China. A multistage, cluster random sampling design is used. Participants should have local household registration or be residing in the survey area for at least 6 months during the past year. The presence of psoriasis is ascertained independently by two certified dermatologists. If any discrepancies in the diagnosis occur, consensus will be met via discussion. All participants will be interviewed with a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic and disease information. The field survey will be implemented from October 2018 to June 2019. All statistical analyses will be conducted using survey procedures in SAS V.9.2 software to adjust for the complex sample design.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of the Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (Nanjing, China). A written informed consent will be obtained from all participants before the questionnaire survey. Findings of the study will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals.

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Pattern of complementary feeding among infants: a pilot study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213538 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 4366

Author(s):

Pragnya Paramita Bhoi ◽

Smruti Pragyan Sahoo ◽

Sonali Mangaraj ◽

Niyati Das ◽

Purnima Sahoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maternal Education ◽

Complementary Feeding ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Face To Face ◽

Baseline Information ◽

Health Organization ◽

Source Of Information

Background: The world health organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, with the addition of complementary feeds at six months with continued breastfeeds until at least the age of two. This study aimed to assess the period and pattern of initiation of complementary feeding and to find out the prevalence of malnutrition among infants (6-12 months).Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken by taking 50 infants with the help of purposive sampling technique at pediatric OPD of Pradyumna Bal Memorial Hospital, KIMS, Bhubaneswar. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the baseline information by face to face interview and Anthropometric examination was conducted to asess the growth pattern. Anthropometric measurements were interpreted by using WHO Anthro Analyzer software and statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 20 Software.Results: The study findings revealed that most of the mother (64%) has initiated the Complementary feeding after 6 months of age, 88% mothers were continuing breastfeeding along with CF. No infants were given cow’s milk. There was significant association of initiation of complementary feeding with maternal education and source of information and age of the infant. Percentage of malnourished infants is 32%. Mothers were preferring to give formula food rather than the home made one.Conclusions: The study concluded that late introduction of complementary feeding are still prevalent in our society. The most precious and vulnerable age group of our society are suffering from malnutrition. Antenatal counselling of mother and appropriate dietary modification should be done after thorough screening during antenatal and postnatal visit.

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Level of exclusive breastfeeding and its enabling factors among lactating women who delivered in health facilities of Asosa town, Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-021-01580-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Megersa Kumera ◽

Jemal Haidar

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Postnatal Care ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Influencing

Abstract Background Despite the enormous benefit of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) to mothers and infants, the practice of exclusive breastfeeding is globally low. In sub-Saharan Africa and Ethiopia, the prevalence of EBF stands at 35% and 59%, respectively. The low EBF practice in Ethiopia as well as in the studied region calls for further study and thus we studied the EBF practice in the study area since little is known about its current magnitude and factors influencing its practice for some programmatic improvements. Methods A facility based cross-sectional study linked to a community was conducted from June-July 2019 among 412 mothers who had antenatal follow-up and delivered in health facilities of Asosa town over a period of one year prior to the study. Data on socio demographic characteristics and other important variables were collected through face to face interview while gestational age in weeks was recorded from their medical chart by trained health extension workers in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations. The collected data were then cleaned and entered into Epi-data software version 3.02. Analysis was done by SPSS version 20. Binary and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify the contributing factors. P-value of less than 0.05 and 95% confidence interval was considered to determine statistical significance. Results Of the 412 respondents, the majority (88.1%) were multi-gravida and above. Slightly higher than a quarter (26.0%) and over half (55.4%) had neither received antenatal nor postnatal care. The proportion of mothers who exclusively breastfed their children was 76.0% and the overall aggregated good practice of EBF score was 64.1%. Mothers who completed primary school [AOR = 4.5; 95% CI = 1.1,18.2], had four or more ANC [AOR = 1.8;95CI = 0.79–0.98], and postnatal follow-up [AOR = 0.21;95% CI = 0.07–0.67], and had male infants [AOR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.0–4.95] were among the factors influencing the exclusive breastfeeding practice score. Conclusion While three in four mothers exclusively breastfed their newborns and about two-thirds had good EBF score, the observed women’s retention on the continuum of the maternal care pathway is low with one in four had no antenatal and over half had no postnatal care which are important derivers for EBF practice. To improve the EBF score and narrow the observed maternal and child health disparities, it is essential to promote maternal education and increase the recomended coverage of antenatal and postnatal care for mothers.

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Minimum Dietary Diversity Practice and Associated Factors among Children Aged 6 to 23 Months in Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Global Pediatric Health ◽

10.1177/2333794x21996630 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 2333794X2199663

Author(s):

Alekaw Sema ◽

Yalelet Belay ◽

Yonatan Solomon ◽

Assefa Desalew ◽

Abebaw Misganaw ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postnatal Care ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dire Dawa ◽

Minimum Dietary Diversity

Objective: Malnutrition because of poor dietary diversity contributing to child morbidity and mortality. Two-thirds of child mortality occurs within the first 2 years. However, there is limited data related to dietary diversity among children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess dietary diversity and factors among children aged 6 to 23 months in the study setting. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study conducted on 438 children aged 6 to 23 months in Dire Dawa, 1-30/02/2019. Simple random sampling was used to select study subjects. Data collected using a structured and pretested interview administered questionnaire. Data entered using EpiData 4.2 and analyzed with SPSS Version 22. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associated factors. Adjusted odd-ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) used, and P-value <.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The overall minimum dietary diversity practice was 24.4% (95% CI: 20.3, 28.5). Maternal education [AOR 2.20; 95% CI: 1.08, 4.52], decision-making [AOR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.19, 5.29], antenatal care [AOR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.20, 3.99], postnatal care [AOR = 6.4; 95% CI: 2.78, 14.94] and facility delivery [AOR = 2.66; 95% CI: 1.35, 5.25] were maternal factors. Moreover, child’s age [AOR = 2.84; 95% CI: 1.39, 5.83], and child’s sex [AOR = 2.85; 95% CI: 1.64, 4.94] were infant factors. Conclusion: One-fourth of children practiced minimum dietary diversity. Child’s age, birth interval, postnatal care, antenatal care, child’s sex, mothers’ decision-making, mothers’ education, and place of delivery were significant predictors. Therefore, maternal education, empowering women, and improve maternal service utilization are crucial to improving dietary diversity.

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