scholarly journals Determination of the Effect of Two Different Methods of Dental Anaesthesia on Pain Level in Pediatric Patients: A Cross-Over, Randomised Trial

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagehan Yilmaz ◽  
Ozgul Baygin ◽  
Tamer Tüzüner ◽  
Ahmet Menteşe ◽  
Selim Demir
Keyword(s):  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Topical Anaesthesia ◽  
Pain Level ◽  
Rank Tests ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Abstract ObjectiveTo compare intraosseous (IOA) and needle-free dental anaesthesia (NFA) methods that painless anaesthesia.Materials and MethodsTwenty patients aged 8–10 years were included in this cross-over study. To determine the anxiety levels and pain experienced by the patients, Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) and Frankl Behavioural scales were used. The pulse rate (PR) and salivary opiorphin levels (SOL) determined. The Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used. p<0.01 was considered significant.ResultsAccording to FLACC scores, IOA and NFA exhibited significantly pain alteration patterns in during local and topical anaesthesia, respectively (p=0.004,0.001; p<0.01). Also, only NFA showed significantly decreased SOL values in 5- and 10- minutes after local anaesthesia periods compared to the before levels (p=0.004, p=0.001; p<0.01).ConclusionsPatients feel similar pain perceptions during local anaesthesia application in both injection systems. According to the SOL values, NFA may provide more higher anaesthetic efficiency than IOA.Clinical RelevanceThis study provides to compare two different new anaesthetic systems for pain reduction during local anesthesia for pediatric population.

scholarly journals Effect of Music on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Patients Undergoing Cataract Extraction Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 1474-1478
Author(s):  
Aditi Gadegone ◽  
Sachin Daigavane ◽  
Ruta Walavalkar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Topical Anaesthesia ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anxiety Levels

BACKGROUND Music is an inexpensive, easily available anxiolytic known to mankind since ages. Cataract extraction surgery is one of the widely performed surgeries under local anaesthesia. India is a developing country where limited resources are spent over health infrastructure which has to cater to a large population. In our study we have tried to utilize the anxietolytic effect of music in combating the anxiety and stress patients suffer during surgery. METHODS In this prospective, interventional study, 300 patients diagnosed with senile cataract were selected. The sample size was decided taking into consideration various prevalence studies. The patients were consequently recruited for the study considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were divided into three groups - one undergoing phacoemulsification surgery under topical anaesthesia and two groups undergoing phacoemulsification surgery under local anaesthesia by the same surgeon in a same operating room. Two groups including the one where topical anaesthesia was used were made to listen to ‘Classical Sitar Music’ whereas one group was not made to listen to music. Blood pressure and heart rates were measured before and after surgery and compared in all patients. RESULTS Blood pressure and heart rates were statistically significantly normalized (lowered) post-operatively when compared to their pre-operative values in groups which were made to listen to music. There was a marked decrease in the anxiety levels in patients who were operated under topical anaesthesia when compared to those operated under local anaesthesia. CONCLUSIONS Music can be widely used in decreasing anxiety levels in patients undergoing cataract extraction surgery thereby improving the post-operative prognosis in patients in a cost-effective way. KEY WORDS Phacoemulsification Surgery, Classical Sitar Music, Peri-Bulbar Block, Topical Anaesthesia, Anxiety, Blood Pressure, Pulse Rate

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Methods Used to Calculate Ideal Body Weight in the Pediatric Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-430
Author(s):  
Kai Kang ◽  
Randy Absher ◽  
Elizabeth Farrington ◽  
Renee Ackley ◽  
Tsz-Yin So
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Ideal Body

OBJECTIVES Accurate determination of ideal body weight (IBW) in pediatric patients is important for the proper dosing of many medications and the classification of nutritional status. There is no consensus on the best method to calculate IBW. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare 7 different methods used to calculate IBW in the pediatric population. METHODS This was a retrospective observational study. All subjects were pediatric inpatients at a 536-bed community teaching hospital between January 1, 2016, and June 30, 2017. Subjects were divided into 2 cohorts: cohort 1 was aged 12 months and 0 day to 35 months and 30 days, and cohort 2 was aged 36 months and 0 day to 17 years and 364 days. The McLaren method was used as the reference to compare with 6 other methods: Moore method, Devine method, American Dietetic Association (ADA) method, body mass index (BMI) method, Traub equation, and simplified Traub equation. RESULTS For cohort 1 (n = 347), the Moore method was not statistically different from the McLaren method with a mean difference of −0.07 kg (95% CI: −0.14 to 0.01, p = 0.07). For cohort 2 (n = 1095), the BMI method was not statistically different from the McLaren method with a mean difference of 0.17 kg (95% CI: −0.07 to 0.40, p = 0.17). CONCLUSIONS In both cohorts, the majority of methods used to calculate IBW in pediatric patients leads to statistically different results when compared with the McLaren method. For certain methods, these differences become pronounced at high and low height percentiles and in older age groups.

scholarly journals Analytical performance and clinical utility of a direct LDL-cholesterol assay in a hyperlipidemic pediatric population

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1182-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Harris ◽  
E J Neufeld ◽  
J W Newburger ◽  
B Ticho ◽  
A Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This study compares a new latex immunoseparation method for the direct determination of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with the reference procedure for LDL-C (beta-quantification) in a pediatric hyperlipidemic population. The direct LDL-C assay has a mean bias of -98 mg/L in a fasting group (n = 96) of patients (mean triglycerides 1057 +/- 720 mg/L) and a bias of +177 mg/L in a nonfasting group (n = 42, mean triglycerides 4854 +/- 5457 mg/L). The mean total analytical error calculated from our data is 13.8%. The direct LDL-C assay and the commonly used Friedewald calculation respectively classified 81% and 84% of fasting patients correctly, according to the cutoffs of 1100 and 1300 mg/L for LDL-C set by the National Cholesterol Education Program for pediatric patients. Of combined fasting and nonfasting patients, 80% were correctly classified by the direct LDL-C assay. Therefore, despite several analytical shortcomings, the direct LDL-C assay may be useful in managing hyperlipidemic children without the need for a fasting specimen.

The Frequency of HIV-1 Infection in Iranian Children and Determination of the Transmitted Drug Resistance in Treatment-Naïve Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 397-407
Author(s):  
Maryam Jarchi ◽  
Farah Bokharaei-Salim ◽  
Maryam Esghaei ◽  
Seyed Jalal Kiani ◽  
Fatemeh Jahanbakhsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Iranian Children ◽  
Hiv 1

Background: The advent of resistance-associated mutations in HIV-1 is a barrier to the success of the ARTs. Objective: In this study, the abundance of HIV-1 infection in Iranian children, and also detection of the TDR in naïve HIV-1 infected pediatric (under 12 years old) were evaluated. Materials: From June 2014 to January 2019, a total of 544 consecutive treatment-naïve HIV-1- infected individuals enrolled in this study. After RNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing of the HIV-1 pol gene, the DRM and phylogenetic analysis were successfully performed on the plasma specimens of the ART-naïve HIV-1-infected-children under 12 years old. The DRMs were recognized using the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. Results: Out of the 544 evaluated treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals, 15 (2.8%) cases were children under 12 years old. The phylogenetic analyses of the amplified region of pol gene indicated that all of the 15 HIV-1-infected pediatric patients were infected by CRF35_AD, and a total of 13.3% (2/15) of these children were infected with HIV-1 variants with SDRMs (one child harbored two related SDRMs [D67N, V179F], and another child had three related SDRMs [M184V, T215F, and K103N]), according to the last algorithm of the WHO. No PIs-related SDRMs were observed in HIV-1-infected children. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that a total of 13.3% of treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected Iranian pediatrics (under 12 years old) were infected with HIV-1 variants with SDRMs. Therefore, it seems that screening to recognize resistance-associated mutations before the initiation of ARTs among Iranian children is essential for favorable medication efficacy and dependable prognosis.

PENGARUH PEMBACAAN DZIKIR PADA IBU MELAHIRKAN TERHADAP TINGKAT NYERI INTRA NATAL DI RUMAH BERSALIN FAJAR YOGYAKARTA

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Sumaryani ◽  
Indri Nurasa
Keyword(s):  
Home Delivery ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pain Level ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test

PENGARUH PEMBACAAN DZIKIR PADA IBU MELAHIRKAN TERHADAP TINGKAT NYERI INTRA NATAL DI RUMAH BERSALIN FAJAR YOGYAKARTAEffect of Reading Dhikr Women On The Level Of Birth Pain Intra Christmas At Home Delivery Dawn YogyakartaSri Sumaryani1 & Indri Nurasa21, 2)Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah YogyakartaJl. Lingkar Barat Taman Tirto Kasihan Bantul Yogyakarta 55182*)e-mail: [email protected] atau yang biasa disebut dengan proses persalinan merupakan suatu proses membuka dan menipisnya serviks, dan janin turun ke dalam jalan lahir. Gejala awal persalinan akan menimbulkan nyeri yang sangat hebat karena adanya kontraksi uterus dan otot abdomen. Nyeri intra natal adalah suatu nyeri yang dirasakan saat terjadinya proses persalinan (melahirkan). Saat nyeri persalinan muncul, ada baiknya bagi ibu untuk membaca dzikir. Dzikir adalah mengingat Allah SWT dan menghadirkan apa yang tadinya ada di dalam benak untuk kemudian dilafadzkan atau disebut-sebut yang dapat dilakukan secara lisan dengan menggunakan lidah atau bisa juga diucapkan tanpa adanya keterlibatan lidah, yaitu melalui hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembacaan dzikir pada ibu melahirkan terhadap tingkat nyeri intra natal. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Desain penelitian pra eksperimen, dengan rancangan pre test-post test tanpa kelompok kontrol. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 30 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi langsung kepada responden untuk mengukur tingkat nyeri. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistik wilcoxon signed rank test dan regresi linier dengan menggunakan SPSS 14. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji statistik untuk nilai pre test dan post test tingkat nyeri diperoleh nilai signifikansi 0,02 dengan p < 0,05.Kata kunci: pembacaan dzikir, melahirkan, nyeri intra natal, tingkat nyeriABSTRACTThe delivery or usually called labor process is a process open and thin the cervix, and descent of the fetus into the way of birth. The early symptom of delivery will be appearing very heavy because there are uterus contraction and abdomen muscle. In partum pain is a pain which feel when delivery process happening (labor). When labor pain appears, there is a good for the mother to read dzikir. Dzikir is remembering Allah SWT and make present what before in the mind and then pronounced or make cal can do spoken by tongue or pronounced without there are involving tongue, by heart. The purpose of this research is to know about the influence of reading dzikir to the delivery mother toward in partum level of pain. Technique sampling used purpose sampling. The research of design pre experiment, with pre test-post test without control group design. The sample in this research’s total is 30 respondents. The manner of data was did by direct observation to the respondents to measure pain level. Data analysis used statistic test wilcoxon signed rank test and regression linier in SPSS 14. The results of research showed that results of the statistic pretest and posttest of pain level show significance value 0,02 with p < 0,05.Keywords: reading dzikir, delivery, in partum pain, pain level

scholarly journals Paranasal Mass in a Healthy Male Toddler

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132110079
Author(s):  
Melonie Anne Phillips ◽  
Meredith Lind ◽  
Gerd McGwire ◽  
Diana Rodriguez ◽  
Suzanna Logan
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Neck Tumors ◽  
Complete Surgical Resection ◽  
Maxilla And Mandible ◽  
Benign Mass

Head and neck tumors are rare in pediatric patients but should be kept in the differential when a patient presents with a new swelling or mass. One of these tumors is a myxoma, which is an insidiously growing, benign mass originating from the mesenchyme. They most commonly arise in the myocardium but can also develop in facial structures, particularly in the maxilla and mandible. When arising in facial structures, ocular, respiratory, and digestive systems can be affected based on local invasion. Complete surgical resection is curative but can lead to significant morbidity as well. Here, we present a case of a 15-month-old toddler presenting with a paranasal mass, which was ultimately diagnosed as a maxillary myxoma. This tumor is very rare in the pediatric population, especially in the toddler age-group, reminding clinicians to broaden the differential diagnosis when a patient’s course is atypical.

scholarly journals 1346. Implementation of a Multidisciplinary 48 Hour Antibiotic Timeout in a Pediatric Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S684-S684
Author(s):  
Victoria Konold ◽  
Palak Bhagat ◽  
Jennifer Pisano ◽  
Natasha N Pettit ◽  
Anish Choksi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Empirical Antibiotics ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background To meet the core elements required for antimicrobial stewardship programs, our institution implemented a pharmacy-led antibiotic timeout (ATO) process in 2017 and a multidisciplinary ATO process in 2019. An antibiotic timeout is a discussion and review of the need for ongoing empirical antibiotics 2-4 days after initiation. This study sought to evaluate both the multidisciplinary ATO and the pharmacy-led ATO in a pediatric population, compare the impact of each intervention on antibiotic days of therapy (DOT) to a pre-intervention group without an ATO, and to then compare the impact of the pharmacy-led ATO versus multidisciplinary ATO on antibiotic days of therapy (DOT). Methods This was a retrospective, pre-post, quasi-experimental study of pediatric patients comparing antibiotic DOT prior to ATO implementation (pre-ATO), during the pharmacy-led ATO (pharm-ATO), and during the multidisciplinary ATO (multi-ATO). The pre-ATO group was a patient sample from February-September 2016, prior to the initiation of a formal ATO. The pharmacy-led ATO was implemented from February-September 2018. This was followed by a multidisciplinary ATO led by pediatric residents and nurses from February-September 2019. Both the pharm-ATO and the multi-ATO were implemented as an active non-interruptive alert added to the electronic health record patient list. This alert triggered when new antibiotics had been administered to the patient for 48 hours, at which time, the responsible clinician would discuss the antibiotic and document their decision via the alert workspace. Pediatric patients receiving IV or PO antibiotics administered for at least 48 hours were included. The primary outcome was DOT. Secondary outcomes included length of stay (LOS) and mortality. Results 1284 unique antibiotic orders (n= 572 patients) were reviewed in the pre-ATO group, 868 (n= 323 patients) in the pharm-ATO and 949 (n= 305 patients) in the multi-ATO groups. Average DOT was not significantly different pre vs post intervention for either methodology (Table 1). Mortality was similar between groups, but LOS was longer for both intervention groups (Table 1). Impact of an ATO on DOT, Mortality and LOS Conclusion An ATO had no impact on average antibiotic DOT in a pediatric population, regardless of the ATO methodology. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Is donation after circulatory determination of death feasible for pediatric patients in italy?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Giugni ◽  
Costanza Cecchi ◽  
Claudia Santucci ◽  
Glenda Scuncia
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Determination Of Death
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