scholarly journals An exploration of the association between fuel subsidies and fuel riots

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil McCulloch ◽  
Davide Natalini ◽  
Naomi Hossain ◽  
Patricia Justino
Keyword(s):  
Net Energy ◽  
Domestic Price ◽  
Price Shocks ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Price Adjustments ◽  
Fixed Price ◽  
Fuel Subsidies ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
International Price

Abstract Fuel riots are common around the world. Between 2005 and 2018, 41 countries had at least one riot directly associated with popular demand for fuel. We make use of a new international dataset on fuel riots to explore the effects of fuel prices and price regimes on fuel riots. In line with prior expectations, we find that large domestic fuel price shocks are a key driver of riots - as these are often linked to international price shocks. In addition, we report a novel result: fuel riots are closely associated with domestic price regimes. Countries that maintain fixed price regimes - notably net energy exporters - tend to have large fuel subsidies. When such subsidies become unsustainable, domestic price adjustments are large, often leading to riots.

Fuel price increase, subsidies, overcapacity, and resource sustainability

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 832-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ussif Rashid Sumaila ◽  
Louise Teh ◽  
Reg Watson ◽  
Peter Tyedmers ◽  
Daniel Pauly
Keyword(s):  
Price Increase ◽  
Positive Aspect ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Resource Sustainability ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Fishing Sector ◽  
Fuel Subsidies ◽  
Fuel Costs

Abstract Sumaila, U. R., Teh, L., Watson, R., Tyedmers, P., and Pauly, D. 2008. Fuel price increase, subsidies, overcapacity, and resource sustainability. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 832–840. Global fisheries are currently overcapitalized, resulting in overfishing in many of the world’s fisheries. Given that fuel constitutes a significant component of fishing costs, we expect recent increases in fuel prices to reduce overcapacity and overfishing. However, government fuel subsidies to the fishing sector reduce, if not completely negate, this positive aspect of increasing fuel costs. Here, we explore the theoretical basis for the expectation that the increasing fuel prices faced by fishing enterprises will reduce fishing pressure. Next, we estimate the amount of fuel subsidies to the fishing sector by governments globally to be in the range of US$4.2–8.5 billion per year. Hence, depending on how much of this subsidy existed before the recent fuel price increases, fishing enterprises, as a group, can absorb as much as this amount of increase in their fuel budget before any conservation benefits occur as a result of fuel price increases.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN DAMPAK PENYESUAIAN HARGA BBM BERSUBSIDI UNTUK NELAYAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Subhechanis Saptanto ◽  
Achmad Zamroni ◽  
Andrian Ramadhan ◽  
Rizky Aprilian Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Adjustment Policy ◽  
Price Adjustments ◽  
The Impact

Fluktuasi harga BBM yang disebabkan oleh adanya kebijakan penyesuaian harga BBM memberikan pengaruh pada berbagai sektor khususnya sektor perikanan tangkap. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh penyesuaian harga BBM terhadap biaya operasional usaha perikanan tangkap laut; dan mengkaji dampak penyesuian harga BBM terhadap tingkat keuntungan usaha perikanan tangkap laut. Waktu penelitian dilaksanakan selama 30 hari kerja yang dilakukan pada bulan Januari – Februari 2015. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Muncar, Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Brondong Kabupaten Lamongan, PPN Pekalongan di Kota Pekalongan dan PPN Palabuhan Ratu di Kabupaten Sukabumi, dengan pertimbangan bahwa di lokasi tersebut terdapat armada kapal berdasarkan ukuran kapal.Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari responden/sampel penelitian yang ditentukan secara purposif (purposive sampling) mencakup: nelayan pada berbagai ukuran kapal. data-data sekunder diperoleh dari laporan penelitian, laporan kajian, dan data-data pada berbagai instansi terkait. Data ditabulasi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel-tabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyesuaian harga BBM memiliki pengaruh yang sangat besar terhadap biaya operasional dan keuntungan usaha. Pada seluruh ukuran kapal peningkatan harga BBM akan secara otomatis meningkatkan biaya operasional usaha dan menurunkan keuntungan usaha.  Perubahan harga BBM khususnya solar yang terjadi pada akhir tahun 2014 hingga Januari 2015 memberikan dampak positif dan negatif terhadap pelaku usaha, khususnya nelayan; penurunan harga BBM berpotensi menaikkan tingkat keuntungan yang diterima, sebaliknya peningkatan BBM berpotensi menurunkan tingkat keuntungan usaha. Perlu adanya bantuan permodalan dan pendampingan untuk mendorong pelaku usaha berpindah dari kapal 50-100 GT ke kapal berukuran 20-30 GT atau ke kapal berukuran diatas 100 GT. Hal ini didasarkan pada hasil kajian dimana kelompok ukuran kapal 50-100 GT yang paling sensitif terkena dampak akibat perubahan harga solar. Setiap kenaikan harga BBM solar sebesar 1% akan menurunkan keuntungan usaha sebesar 0,7% . Sementara ukuran kapal 20-30 GT dan diatas 100 GT mengalami penurunan sebesar 0.2% dan 0.5%.Title: Analysis Of Subsidized Fuel Price Adjustment Policy Impact For FishermenFluctuations in fuel prices caused by the fuel price adjustment policy influence on various sectors particularly the fisheries sector. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of fuel price adjustments against operating expenses marine capture fishery business; and assess the impact of fuel price adjustments to the level of profitability of marine capture fisheries. The research was carried out for 30 days of work, done in January-February 2015. The research location is at the Fishery Port Beach (PPP) Muncar, Nusantara Fishery Port (VAT) Brondong Lamongan, PPN Pekalongan in Pekalongan and VAT Palabuhan Ratu in Sukabumi , considering that in that location there is a fleet of ships based on ship size. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data. Primary data obtained from respondents / sample were determined purposively (purposive sampling) include: fisherman on vessels of various sizes. secondary data obtained from research reports, assessment reports, and data on the various relevant agencies. Techniques used for primary data collection is interview the selected respondents, with the scope of information covering investment costs, variable costs (variable) per trip, the fixed cost (fixed) per year, business receipts per trip, business operational information. Data tabulated and analyzed descriptively and presented in a tabular format. The results showed that the adjustment of fuel prices has a profound influence on operating costs and profits. On the whole size of ships increase in fuel prices will automatically increase business operational costs and lowering profits. Changes in fuel prices, especially diesel which occurred in late 2014 to January 2015 giving positive and negative impacts to businesses, especially fishermen fishing; reductions in fuel prices could raise the level of benefits received, otherwise the increase in fuel potentially lower level of profits. The need for capital assistance and mentoring to encourage businesses to move from ship to ship size 50-100 20-30 GT GT or sized vessels above 100 GT. It is based on the results of the study in which groups of vessel sizes 50-100 GT are most sensitive affected by changes in the price of diesel. Any increase in the price of diesel fuel by 1% would reduce the business profits of 0.7%. While the size of 20-30 ships over 100 GT and GT decreased  0.2% and 0.5%.   

scholarly journals Between Elite Interests and Pro-Poor Resistance: The Nigerian Courts and Labour-Led Anti-Fuel Price Hike Struggles (1999–2007)

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-118
Author(s):  
Obiora Chinedu Okafor
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Price ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Legal Precedent ◽  
Price Hike ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Movement Tendency ◽  
Political Leverage

AbstractBetween 1999 and 2007, a popular Labour-led movement led a pro-poor struggle to resist the fuel price hike policy of the Nigerian government. Waged in the context of the poverty in which nearly 70 per cent of Nigerians lived, the operation of powerful incentives to raise fuel prices, and Labour's extraordinary socio-political leverage, these struggles triggered much government frustration. One of the strategies adopted by the government to legitimize its attempt to repress the movement was to resort to the courts. This article analyses, from a socio-legal perspective, the key cases relating to the validity of the government's attempts to repress the struggles. The article concludes that, although both pro- and anti-movement trends can be observed in the jurisprudence, the anti-movement tendency having so far prevailed in terms of formal legal precedent, the pro-movement (ie pro-poor) decisions have, as a result of their massive popular legitimacy, actually functioned as the “living law.”

Analyzing carbon neutral growth and biofuel economic impact for 2017–2025: A case study based on Spanish carriers

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (6) ◽  
pp. 1943-1959
Author(s):  
Antonio López Lázaro ◽  
Darío Pérez-Campuzano ◽  
Arturo Benito ◽  
Gustavo Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Cost Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Traffic Growth ◽  
Carbon Neutral

Aviation CO2 emissions are growing along with traffic growth and expected technological efficiency improvements are not enough to reduce this continuous increase. International organizations are concerned and are implementing incentive rules in order to reduce them. IATA has stated a carbon neutral growth of emissions from 2020 onward within its roadmap. This paper aims to analyze suitable measures that could help to reach this target and focuses on their impact on the finances of 15 varied Spanish airlines. With these goals, an estimation model is designed in order to carry out a forecast of the 2017–2025 Spanish air market. This is comprised by three submodels: (i) the traffic model estimates the annual performance for Spanish carriers in each of their routes, (ii) the biofuel model is in charge of estimating the biofuel prices, emissions and regulations (with special attention to mandatory blending percentage), and (iii) the operating cost model estimates the carrier’s expenses structure. Data from several sources (regarding 2016 traffic statistics and forecasts of growth and fuel prices to name but two) is gathered and merged in order to feed the model. Aggregated results show that an average 3% per year increase of mandatory blending percentage should be applied for a 2020 CNG in the base scenario. Regarding the different biofuel feedstocks investigated, Camelina’s performance presents a good compromise in respect to price, emissions, and production issues. A further study on the airline’s cost structure shows that differences in the operating model (legacy, low cost, etc.) and route configurations can lead to big differences in terms of impact of biofuels introduction on the total airline costs. This could indicate that perhaps the design of distance-specific financial schemes would be desirable. In addition, high sensitivity to changes in common fuel price and traffic growth is observed.

scholarly journals The Effects of Rising Food and Fuel Costs on Poverty in Pakistan

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 117-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Thompson Chaudhry ◽  
Azam Amjad Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Price ◽  
Energy Price ◽  
Price Shocks ◽  
Price Inflation ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Head Count ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Poverty Levels

The dramatic increase in international food and fuel prices in recent times is a crucial issue for developing countries and the most vulnerable to these price shocks are the poorest segments of society. In countries like Pakistan, the discussion has focused on the impact of substantially higher food and fuel prices on poverty. This paper used PSLM and MICS household level data to analyze the impact of higher food and energy prices on the poverty head count and the poverty gap ratio in Pakistan. Simulated food and energy price shocks present some important results: First, the impact of food price increases on Pakistani poverty levels is substantially greater than the impact of energy price increases. Second, the impact of food price inflation on Pakistani poverty levels is significantly higher for rural populations as compared to urban populations. Finally, food price inflation can lead to significant increases in Pakistani poverty levels: For Pakistan as a whole, a 20% increase in food prices would lead to an 8% increase in the poverty head count.

scholarly journals Kajian Dampak Kenaikan Harga Avtur Terhadap Keuntungan Pendapatan Maskapai Penerbangan (Rute Jakarta-Yogyakarta)

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
M Herry Purnama ◽  
Susanti Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Aircraft Fuel ◽  
Price Range ◽  
Lower Load ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Aircraft Type ◽  
Flight Route

Assessment of tire Tariff Schedules Commercial Scheduled Air Transport Related to Fuel Price illcrease Aircraft illtematio1wl Ai1port Yogyakarta Adi Sucipto is to know haw the effect of rising prices of aviation fuel or aircraft fuel to air freight carrier rates, namely PT. Garuda llldonesia (Garuda Airlines), PT. Sun Lion (Lion Airlines), and PT. Metro Batavia (Batavia Airlines) for route Jakarta - Yogyakarta during the period January to September 2011. Assess111c11 t method used is descriptive quantitative method to calculate the total cost of airline travel route Jakarta - Yogyakarta with calculation components include (a) Type of aircraft and aircraft type, (b) Using the assumption of hvo load factor is 65% lower load factor and load factor is high 80%, (c) Using tire asswnption of hvo aviation fuel prices are the lowest aviation fuel jet fuel price range, - and the highest price of aviation fuel during the period January to September 2011, the average ticket price flight route Jakarta - Yogyakarta period from January to September 2011. 17re results of the assessment indicates there is a difference significant benefits from each airline operator, when associated with the load factor and the difference in price of aviation fuel.

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