scholarly journals Echocardiography diagnosis of pregnancy with aortic dissection: a case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Anlong Wang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Chunjie Hou
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
False Lumen ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Mortality Case ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Diagnosis Accuracy

Abstract Background: We report a case of 34 weeks + gestation with aortic dissection to explore the diagnosis and treatment of this type of pregnant woman and to reduce maternal mortality. Case presentation: This report describes the clinical manifestations of a case of late pregnancy with acute aortic dissection (Stanford A Type). Echocardiography was used to detect the location of the rupture, the extent of exfoliation, the true and false lumen, the presence or absence of thrombus in the false lumen, the degree of aortic regurgitation, etc. After the diagnosis, the patients received surgical treatment as soon as possible. The detection rate and type diagnosis accuracy of ultrasonography for pregnancy complicated with aortic dissection are reliable. The location of the intimal rupture by ultrasound was consistent with the intraoperative findings, and there were no recent complications in the mother and newborn. Conclusion: The third trimester of pregnancy with aortic dissection is dangerous. As a simple, safe and non-invasive method, echocardiography has high clinical value in the diagnosis of pregnant patients with aortic dissection.

scholarly journals ACCURACY OF TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY COMPARED TO ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSY FOR THE ETIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF ABNORMAL PERIMENOPAUSAL BLEEDING

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Renata Nicula ◽  
Doru Diculescu ◽  
Codruţa Claudia Lencu ◽  
Răzvan Ciortea ◽  
Carmen Elena Bucuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Endometrial Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Endometrial Biopsy ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Invasive Method

Background and aims. Perimenopause is marked by clinical manifestations which disturb everyday life and which may also hide a pathomorphological, more precisely endometrial, substrate. An accurate early diagnosis established by accessible, non-invasive methods is very important for the therapeutic management.Method. The study included 103 patients aged between 41.5–55.11 years, divided into 3 age groups: 40-44 years (n=10), 45-49 years (n=54) and ≥50 years (n=39).Results. Certain risk factors of endometrial neoplasm or premalignant conditions were evidenced, their accurate identification being useful in limiting the number of patients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) submitted to diagnostic screening. The most common cause of AUB in our study was fibroma, followed by functional causes.Conclusions. Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) represents a minimally invasive method for the screening of perimenopausal patients with AUB, especially to rule out endometrial adenocarcinoma (EAC). TVUS sensitivity was higher than clinical diagnosis in case of leiomioma, polypi and EAC. TVUS was more accurate in the diagnosis of EAC, polypi and leiomioma.

Radionuclide ventriculography

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikant Sabharwal ◽  
Parthiban Arumugam ◽  
Andrew Kelion
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Radionuclide Ventriculography ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Serial Assessments

Radionuclide ventriculography (RNV) was the first reliable non-invasive method of assessing left ventricular (LV) function, and established nuclear cardiology as a clinical discipline. The subsequent development of other imaging modalities, particularly echocardiography, has led to a sharp decline in the number of studies performed, but RNV still has a role in situations where reproducible serial assessments of LV ejection fraction are required. Equilibrium RNV (ERNV) is the most straightforward and commonly performed style of RNV, and this chapter therefore focuses on ERNV, covering blood-pool labelling, principles of electrocardiogram (ECG) gating, acquisition, processing and interpretation, and clinical value in relation to ERNV. A section on first-pass radionuclide ventriculography is also included.

Utilization of Intravascular Ultrasound for the Evaluation and Management of Lower Extremity Malperfusion in a Type B Aortic Dissection

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-173
Author(s):  
Rahul Dudhani ◽  
Adekoya Oluwafisayo ◽  
Kwame S. Amankwah
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Aortic Rupture ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
False Lumen ◽  
Type A ◽  
Minimal Invasive ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Type B ◽  
Intimal Injury ◽  
Invasive Method

Aortic dissection (AD) is a pathologic entity initiated from a tear in the intimal layer that allows blood flow between the intima and media, resulting in a separation of these layers into a true and false lumen. Subsequently, this flow within the false lumen encroaches on the true lumen flow and may cause malperfusion to vital organs or aortic rupture. On the basis of the anatomical location of the intimal tear, clinical presentation management may differ significantly. AD is classified as Stanford Type A or B based on the location of the intimal injury. In Stanford Type A, the site of injury is at the aortic root, which requires urgent surgical therapy. Type B are dissections that occur at or just distal to the takeoff of the left subclavian artery and in many situations can be managed medically by reduction in blood pressure. 1 , 2 In type B dissections that fail medical management or develop malperfusion, endovascular treatment has been used and described. 3 It provides a minimal invasive method; however, there are cases that may require open or a hybrid approach. 3 , 4

scholarly journals Electrode positioning to investigate the changes of the thoracic bioimpedance caused by aortic dissection – a simulation study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
V. Badeli ◽  
G. M. Melito ◽  
A. Reinbacher-Köstinger ◽  
O. Bíró ◽  
K. Ellermann
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Impedance Cardiography ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Impedance Cardiogram ◽  
Aortic Pathology ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Electrode Positioning ◽  
Transthoracic Electrical Impedance

AbstractImpedance cardiography (ICG) is a non-invasive method to evaluate several cardiodynamic parameters by measuring the cardiac-synchronous changes in the dynamic transthoracic electrical impedance. ICG allows us to identify and quantify conductivity changes inside the thorax by measuring the impedance on the thorax during a cardiac cycle. Pathologic changes in the aorta, like aortic dissection, will alter the aortic shape as well as the blood flow and consequently, the impedance cardiogram. This fact distorts the evaluated cardiodynamic parameters, but it could lead to the possibility to identify aortic pathology. A 3D numerical simulation model is used to compute the impedance changes on the thorax surface in case of the type B aortic dissection. A sensitivity analysis is applied using this simulation model to investigate the suitability of different electrode configurations considering several patient-specific cases. Results show that the remarkable pathological changes in the aorta caused by aortic dissection alters the impedance cardiogram significantly.

scholarly journals Improved timed-mating, non-invasive method using fewer unproven female rats with pregnancy validation via early body mass increases

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-159
Author(s):  
Agata K Stramek ◽  
Michelle L Johnson ◽  
Victoria J Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Vaginal Cytology ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Lordosis Behaviour

For studies requiring accurate conception-timing, reliable, efficient methods of detecting oestrus reduce time and costs, whilst improving welfare. Standard methods use vaginal cytology to stage cycle, and breeders are paired-up using approximately five proven females with proven males to achieve at least one conception on a specific day. We describe an alternative, fast, consistent, non-invasive method of timed-mating using detection of lordosis behaviour in Wistar and Lister-Hooded rats that used unproven females with high success rates. Rats under reverse lighting had body masses recorded pre-mating, day (d) 3–4, d8, d10 and d18 of pregnancy. Using only the presence of the oestrus dance to time-mate females for 24 hours, 89% of Wistar and 88% of Lister-Hooded rats successfully conceived. We did not observe behavioural oestrus in Sprague-Dawleys without males being present. Significant body mass increases following mating distinguished pregnant from non-pregnant rats, as early as d4 of pregnancy (10% ± 1.0 increase cf. 3% ± 1.2). The pattern of increases throughout gestation was similar for all pregnant rats until late pregnancy, when there were smaller increases for primi- and multiparous rats (32% ± 2.5; 25% ± 2.4), whereas nulliparous rats had highest gains (38% ± 1.5). This method demonstrated a distinct refinement of the previous timed-mating common practice used, as disturbance of females was minimised. Only the number required of nulli-, primi- or multiparous rats were mated, and body mass increases validated pregnancy status. This new breeding management method is now established practice for two strains of rat and has resulted in a reduction in animal use.

Malfunctional Reorganization in the Developing Limbo-Prefrontal System in Animals: Implications for Human Psychoses?

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Gertraud Teuchert-Noodt ◽  
Ralf R. Dawirs
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Activity Dependent

Abstract: Neuroplasticity research in connection with mental disorders has recently bridged the gap between basic neurobiology and applied neuropsychology. A non-invasive method in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculus) - the restricted versus enriched breading and the systemically applied single methamphetamine dose - offers an experimental approach to investigate psychoses. Acts of intervening affirm an activity dependent malfunctional reorganization in the prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and reveal the dopamine position as being critical for the disruption of interactions between the areas concerned. From the extent of plasticity effects the probability and risk of psycho-cognitive development may be derived. Advance may be expected from insights into regulatory mechanisms of neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus which is obviously to meet the necessary requirements to promote psycho-cognitive functions/malfunctions via the limbo-prefrontal circuit.

False Lumen Catheterization in a Patient Who Has Type A Aortic Dissection That Mimics Acute Inferior Myocardial Infarction: A Case Report

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Erhan Kaya ◽  
Hakan Fotbolcu ◽  
Zeki Şimşek ◽  
Ömer Işık
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
False Lumen ◽  
Type A ◽  
Inferior Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type A Aortic Dissection ◽  
Acute Inferior Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Catheterization Procedure

We report a 61-year-old patient who suffered from a type A aortic dissection that mimicked an acute inferior myocardial infarction. During a routine cardiac catheterization procedure, diagnostic catheters can be inserted accidentally into the false lumen. Invasive cardiologists should keep this complication in mind.

Cannulating a Dissecting Aorta Using Ultrasound-Epiaortic and Transesophageal Guidance

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saina Attaran ◽  
Maria Safar ◽  
Hesham Zayed Saleh ◽  
Mark Field ◽  
Manoj Kuduvalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Acute Aortic Dissection ◽  
False Lumen ◽  
Type A ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Type A Aortic Dissection ◽  
Complete Rupture

<p>Management of acute Stanford type A aortic dissection remains a major surgical challenge. Directly cannulating the ascending aorta provides a rapid establishment of cardiopulmonary bypass but consists of risks such as complete rupture of the aorta, false lumen cannulation, subsequent malperfusion and propagation of the dissection.</p><p>We describe a technique of cannulating the ascending aorta in patients with acute aortic dissection that can be performed rapidly in hemodynamically unstable patients under ultrasound-epiaortic and transesophageal (TEE) guidance.</p>

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