scholarly journals Levels of knowledge regarding malaria causes, symptoms, and prevention measures among Malawian women of reproductive age.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alick Sixpence ◽  
Owen Nkoka ◽  
Gowokani C. Chirwa ◽  
Edith B. Milanzi ◽  
Charles Mangani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Abstract Background: Malawi is a malaria-endemic country and approximately 6 million cases are reported annually. Improving knowledge of malaria causes and symptoms, and the overall perception towards malaria and its preventive measures is vital for malaria control. Thus, the current study investigated the levels of knowledge of the causes, symptoms, and prevention of Malaria among Malawian women. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2017 wave of the Malawi Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS). In total, 3,422 women of reproductive age (15–49 years) were sampled and analyzed. We assessed the levels of women’s knowledge about 1), causes of malaria 2) symptoms of malaria and 3) preventive measures. The tertiles of the composite score were used as the cut-offs to categorize the levels of knowledge as ‘‘low”, ‘‘medium” and ‘‘high”. Multinomial logistic regression models were constructed to assess the independent factors while taking into account the complex survey design. Results : All in all, 49.74% of all respondents had high levels of knowledge of causes, symptoms, and preventive measures. The high level of knowledge was 45% for rural women and 55% for urban dwellers. After adjustment for independent factors, women of age group 15–19 years adjusted odds ratio ([aOR]: 2.58; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.69–3.92), women with no formal education (aOR: 3.73; 95% CI: 2.20–6.33), women whose household had no television (aOR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.02–2.22), women who had not seen/heard malaria message (aOR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.20–1.95), women of Yao tribe (aOR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.10–3.46) and women from rural areas had low levels of knowledge about the causes of malaria, symptoms of malaria, and preventive measures. Additionally, the results also showed that women aged 15–19 years (beta [β] = -0.73, standard error [SE] = 0.12); P <.0001, women with no formal education (β = -1.17, SE = 0.15); P <.0001, women whose household had no radio (β = -0.15, SE = 0.0816); P =0.0715 and women who had not seen or heard malaria message (β = -0.41, SE = 0.07); P <.0001 were likely to have a lower knowledge score. Conclusions: The levels of malaria knowledge were reported to be unsatisfactory among adult women, underscoring the need to scale up efforts on malaria education. Beside insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and prompt diagnosis, malaria can be best managed in Malawi by increasing knowledge of malaria causes, and symptoms especially for younger women, women with no formal education, women whose households have no media, women from Yao tribes and rural dwellers.

scholarly journals Levels of knowledge regarding malaria causes, symptoms, and prevention measures among Malawian women of reproductive age

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alick Sixpence ◽  
Owen Nkoka ◽  
Gowokani C. Chirwa ◽  
Edith B. Milanzi ◽  
Charles Mangani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Abstract Background: Malawi is a malaria-endemic country and approximately 6 million cases are reported annually. Improving knowledge of malaria causes and symptoms, and the overall perception towards malaria and its preventive measures is vital for malaria control. Thus, the current study investigated the levels of knowledge of the causes, symptoms, and prevention of Malaria among Malawian women.Methods: We analyzed data from the 2017 wave of the Malawi Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS). In total, 3,422 women of reproductive age (15–49 years) were sampled and analyzed. We assessed the levels of women’s knowledge about 1), causes of malaria 2) symptoms of malaria and 3) preventive measures. The tertiles of the composite score were used as the cut-offs to categorize the levels of knowledge as ‘‘low”, ‘‘medium” and ‘‘high”. Multinomial logistic regression models were constructed to assess the independent factors while taking into account the complex survey design. Results: Approximately 50% of all respondents had high levels of knowledge of causes, symptoms, and preventive measures. The high level of knowledge was 45% for rural women and 55% for urban dwellers. After adjustment for known confounders, women of age group 15–19 years adjusted odds ratio ([aOR]: 2.576; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.692–3.921), women with no formal education (aOR: 3.733; 95% CI: 2.203–6.326), women whose household had no television (aOR: 1.504; 95% CI: 1.021–2.216), women :who had not seen/heard malaria message (aOR: 1.527; 95% CI: 1.197–1.948), women of Yao tribe (aOR: 1.954; 95% CI: 1.103–3.460) and women from rural areas had low levels of knowledge about the causes of malaria, symptoms of malaria, and preventive measures.Conclusions: The levels of malaria knowledge were reported to be moderate among adult women, underscoring the need to scale up efforts on malaria education. Beside insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and prompt diagnosis, malaria can be best managed in Malawi by increasing knowledge of malaria causes, and symptoms especially for younger women, women with no formal education, women whose households have no media, women from Yao tribes and rural dwellers.

scholarly journals Levels of knowledge regarding malaria causes, symptoms, and prevention measures among Malawian women of reproductive age.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alick Sixpence ◽  
Owen Nkoka ◽  
Gowokani C. Chirwa ◽  
Edith B. Milanzi ◽  
Charles Mangani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Malawi is a malaria-endemic country and approximately 6 million cases are reported annually. Improving knowledge of malaria causes and symptoms, and the overall perception towards malaria and its preventive measures is vital for malaria control. The current study investigated the levels of knowledge of the causes, symptoms and prevention of malaria among Malawian women. Methods Data from the 2017 wave of the Malawi Malaria Indicator Survey (MMIS) were analysed. In total, 3,422 women of reproductive age (15-49 years) were sampled and analysed. The levels of women’s knowledge about: 1) causes of malaria; 2) symptoms of malaria; and, 3) preventive measures were assessed. The tertiles of the composite score were used as the cut-offs to categorize the levels of knowledge as ‘low’, ‘medium’ and ‘high’. Multinomial logistic regression models were constructed to assess the independent factors while taking into account the complex survey design. Results Approximately 50% of all respondents had high levels of knowledge of causes, symptoms and preventive measures. The high level of knowledge was 45% for rural women and 55% for urban dwellers. After adjusting for the a wide range of factors, women of age group 15-19 years adjusted odds ratio ((aOR): 2.58; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.69-3.92), women with no formal education (aOR: 3.73; 95% CI: 2.20-6.33), women whose household had no television (aOR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.02-2.22), women who had not seen/heard malaria message (aOR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.20-1.95), women of Yao tribe (aOR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.10-3.46), and women from rural areas had low levels of knowledge about the causes of malaria, symptoms of malaria and preventive measures. Additionally, the results also showed that women aged 15-19 years (beta [β] = -0.73, standard error [SE] = 0.12); P <.0001, women with no formal education (β = -1.17, SE = 0.15); P <.0001, women whose household had no radio (β = -0.15, SE = 0.0816); P =0.0715 and women who had not seen or heard malaria message (β = -0.41, SE = 0.07); P <.0001 were likely to have a lower knowledge score. Conclusions The levels of malaria knowledge were reported to be unsatisfactory among adult women, underscoring the need to scale up efforts on malaria education. Beside insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and prompt diagnosis, malaria can be best managed in Malawi by increasing knowledge of malaria causes, and symptoms especially for younger women, women with no formal education, women whose households have no media, women from Yao tribes, and rural dwellers.

scholarly journals Reproductive Attitudes of Young Rural Women in the Republic of Tatarstan

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-137
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Shadrikov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
The State ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
State Support ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Reproductive Intentions ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. The modern rural society suffers a demographic crisis due to a drop in the birth rate and a decrease in the total fertility rate. Young women of reproductive age play an important role in increasing the number of births in rural areas. The objective of the paper is to study the reproductive intentions and preferences of young rural women in the Republic of Tatarstan as well as to identify the reasons for birth postponement and the degree of influence of the state support measures. Materials and Methods. The results of a sociological survey conducted in the Republic of Tatarstan in 2018 were used as the materials for the study. Statistics were used for the calculation; the systematic and comparative methods of analysis were employed. Results. The study has revealed the sustainable subjective preferences of young rural women in the Republic of Tatarstan to have two or more children. It has also confirmed the heterogeneity of the reproductive attitudes in the rural community and identified the rural women’s reasons for birth postponement. Assessment of certain reserves of increasing the birth rate has been made. State support measures affecting fertility rates have been evaluated. Discussion and Conclusion. The increase in the birth rate in the Republic of Tatarstan largely depends on the quantitative and qualitative indicators such as the number of rural women of reproductive age as well as on the measures taken by the state to stimulate the birth rate and thereby increase the reproductive attitudes. The research materials will be useful for the heads of municipal districts, heads of governmental structures, scholars and helpful when devising federal and regional demographic and family development strategies as well as when implementing the Demography national project.

CHANGES IN CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN VIETNAM

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
NGUYEN MINH THANG ◽  
VU THU HUONG
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
General Description ◽  
Modern Methods

This analysis used data, primarily from the 1997 Vietnamese Demographic and Health Survey (VN-DHS 1997), to determine the changes in contraceptive use in Vietnam. A descriptive analysis of individual, household and community characteristics was made to obtain a general description of contraceptive use. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were also performed on the currently married in (a) a sample of all women and (b) only those women who live in rural areas, to identify the strength of association that each variable has with the use of modern contraceptives. The use of any contraceptive method and the use of modern methods increased from 1988 to 1997. The primary contraceptive method utilized is the IUD and its use has increased substantially from 1988 to 1997. Younger women (aged 15–24) were less likely to use any contraceptive method. Women not desiring additional children were significantly more likely to use contraceptive methods than those desiring more children. Education has a clear impact on both contraceptive knowledge and use by women, with higher educated women being more likely to use a contraceptive method. Illiterate women with no formal education were significantly less likely to use modern methods of contraception. Differentials in contraceptive use exist regarding place of residence. Urban women are more likely than rural women to use contraception, but the difference is not large. Women living in mountainous areas are less likely to use contraception, compared with women living in the lowlands. Living standards, especially the availability of electricity in the community, have a large effect on the methods of contraception adopted by women. Religion is not strongly related to the contraceptive behaviour of women. There were significant differences in the use of contraceptives in communities with good quality of care, with increased contraceptive use corresponding to the increase in availability of family planning workers at communes, provision of counselling services at health facilities, and the volume of mass media family planning messages.

Link Between Unmet Need and Economic Status in Bangladesh: Gap in Urban and Rural Areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zillur Rahman Shabuz ◽  
Md. Ershadul Haque ◽  
Md. Kawsarul Islam ◽  
Wasimul Bari
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Composite Effect

Abstract Background: Unmet need for family planning (FP) is a core concept in designing FP programmes and reduction of unmet need for FP can improve reproductive and maternal health services. Bangladesh is still away from achieving the target regarding unmet need for FP. This study aimed to explore the composite effect of economic status and place of residence on unmet need for FP among currently married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh after controlling the effect of other selected covariates.Methods: The study used the data extracted from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017-2018, which is a nationally representative survey implemented using a stratified two-stage cluster sample design. A total of 13031 currently married women of reproductive age were included in the final analysis. Binary logistic regression model has been employed to identify the factors influencing the unmet need for FP. Model-I investigated the effect of composite variable place-wealth on unmet need for FP and Model-II examined the effect of place-wealth on unmet need for FP after adjusting for the effect of other selected covariates. The Odds Ratios with p-values were reported to identify significant covariates.Results: The rate of unmet need for FP was 15.48%. The composite factor of economic status and place of residence had significant influence on unmet need for FP in both models. Generally, rural women were significantly more likely to have unmet need for FP than their urban counterparts. In particular, women from rural areas and belong to rich families had the highest likelihoods of unmet need for FP. The other selected covariates also had significant influence on unmet need for FP. Conclusion: This study shows that rural women had higher odds of unmet need for FP than urban women. The Government of Bangladesh (GoB) should take necessary actions to motivate women to use contraceptive specially the women who are residing in the rural areas.

Malnutrition in all its forms and socioeconomic status in Bolivia

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (S1) ◽  
pp. s21-s28
Author(s):  
M Miranda ◽  
A Bento ◽  
AM Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Adolescent Women ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractObjective:To estimate the prevalence of malnutrition (undernutrition and excess BMI) among children under the age of 5 years and women of reproductive age in Bolivia considering three socioeconomic indicators: wealth, education and ethnicity.Design:We used the 2008 nationally representative Bolivian Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). Malnutrition’s prevalence was estimated by wealth, ethnicity and educational level. Wealth index was measured based on the DHS methodology and nutritional status by using WHO standards and indicators. Education level (EL) was categorized by years of formal education.Setting:Bolivia.Participants:In total, 5·903 children <5 years, 3·345 adolescent women (15–19 years) and 12·297 women (20–49 years) with available information on anthropometric measurements·Results:A disproportionate prevalence of malnutrition was observed among different wealth groups: lower wealth tertiles show the higher prevalence of stunting (>30 %) and anaemia (>40 %) in all ages· The prevalence of overweight and obesity tends to rise with age from childhood (10·02–11·60) to adolescence (27·9–31·03), reaching highest levels in women of reproductive age (56·02–57·76). According to wealth tertiles, higher prevalence of overweight and obesity was found in children of high tertile (12·23), adolescent women of low (32·56) and adult women of medium tertile (63·08).Conclusions:The present study shows that currently Bolivia is in a transitional stage, faces not only the problem of undernutrition but also those of overnutrition, showing strong inequalities according to socioeconomic and education status. This study calls for state-specific policies keeping in view of the nature of inequality in malnutrition in the country and its differential characteristics across wealth status.

Patterns and correlates of ownership and utilization of insecticide-treated bed-nets for malaria control among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in Malawi

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
James Forty ◽  
Mpho Keetile
Keyword(s):  
Primary Education ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Malaria Indicator Survey ◽  
Poor Women

Abstract Malaria is a major public health concern in Malawi. This study explored the patterns and correlates of ownership and utilization of ITNs for malaria control among women of reproductive age in Malawi. Data were derived from the multi-stage cross-sectional Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS) conducted in 2017, which followed ITN distribution in 2012 and 2015. Of the 3860 sampled women aged 15–49 years, 88% (3398/3860) and 64% (2473/3860) reported that they owned and utilized ITNs, respectively. Adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of ownership of ITNs were significantly low among women with no education (AOR = 0.36, CI = 0.18–0.72), those with primary education (AOR = 0.50, CI = 0.27–0.94) and poor women (AOR = 0.70, CI = 0.51–0.97). Similarly, the odds of utilization of ITNs were significantly low among women with no education, (AOR = 0.40, CI = 0.26–0.63), primary education (AOR = 0.53, CI = 0.36–0.78) and poor women (AOR = 0.70, CI = 0.51–0.97). Furthermore, the odds of utilization of ITNs were significantly low among women living in households without a radio (AOR = 0.79, CI = 0.67–0.93) and those who have not seen or heard a malaria message in the last 6 months (AOR = 0.74, CI = 0.64–0.87). In order to prevent malaria morbidity and mortality among women of reproductive age, especially those from poor households, the Malawi government and relevant stakeholders need to continue the free distribution of ITNs to the poor and encourage social behaviours that promote the ownership and utilization of ITNs.

Ionised serum calcium reference interval among rural women of reproductive age in Abuja, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
HabibaIbrahim Abdullahi ◽  
AngusChukwuemeka Onyekwelu ◽  
AliyuYabagi Isah ◽  
AbubakarMustapha Jamda ◽  
MaxwellMaduekwe Nwegbu
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

scholarly journals Validity assessment of self-reported weight and its correction process among Mexican adult women of reproductive age

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0235967
Author(s):  
Lucia Hernández-Barrera ◽  
Belem Trejo Valdivia ◽  
Martha Maria Téllez-Rojo ◽  
Simón Barquera ◽  
Cinthya Muñoz-Manrique
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Correction Process

scholarly journals Trends, prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh: a pooled analysis of five national cross-sectional surveys

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e018468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdul Baker Chowdhury ◽  
Md Mohiuddin Adnan ◽  
Md Zakiul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveTo determine the trends, prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age from 1999 to 2014.DesignWe analysed nationally representative data from the 1999, 2004, 2007, 2011 and 2014 cross-sectional Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys.SettingBangladesh.ParticipantsWomen aged 15–49 years.Primary outcomeOverweight/obesity.ResultsA total of 58 192 women were included in the analysis. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age increased significantly from 7.53% (95% CI 6.83 to 8.29) and 1.82% (95% CI 1.48 to 2.24) in 1999 to 28.37% (95% CI 27.49 to 29.28) and 10.77% (95% CI 10.22 to 11.35) in 2014, respectively. Age, education, wealth index, watching television and contraceptive use were associated with overweight and obesity in both urban and rural areas.ConclusionsOverweight and obesity prevalence increased significantly among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age between 1999 and 2014. Development of effective low-cost strategies to address the increasing burden of obesity should be a high priority.

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