scholarly journals Standardized astragalus extract for attenuation of the immunosuppression induced by strenuous physical exercise: randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Latour ◽  
Jarosław Arlet ◽  
Emilia Ewa Latour ◽  
Artur Juszkiewicz ◽  
Karolina Łuczkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
System Response ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocytes ◽  
Intensive Training

Abstract Background This paper aimed to verify how a supplementation of rower’s diet with Astragalus Membranaceus Root (AMR) modulated their immune system response to maximal physical exertion. Methods The doubleblind study included 18 members of the Polish Rowing Team assigned to the supplemented group (n = 10), and the placebo group (n = 8). The participants performed a 2000 m test on a rowing ergometer at the beginning and at the end of the sixweek of intensive training camp during which the supplemented group received 500 mg of AMR. Blood samples were obtained prior to, one minute after completing, and 24 hours after the exertion test. The levels of interleukin 2 (IL2), interleukin 4 (IL4), interleukin 10 (IL10), interferon ɤ (IFNɣ), and lactate acid were determined. Subpopulations of T regulatory lymphocytes [CD4+/CD25+/CD127−] (Treg), cytotoxic lymphocytes [CD8+/TCRαβ+] (CTL), natural killer cells [CD3−/CD16+/CD56+] (NK), and TCRδγpositive cells (Tδγ) were determined with flow cytometry. Results After the camp, the initial NK and Treg levels sustained at the baseline, while Tδγ counts increased by about x [y z] % relative to the levels in the placebo group. In the supplemented subgroup, a change in IL2 level in reaction to maximal exertion clearly decreased (x [y x]%), while the change in IL2/IL10 level induced by the recovery after this exertion clearly increased (x[y z] %), relative to the changes in the placebo group. Conclusions AMR restored the immunological balance through a stabilization of NK and Treg cells with a positive trend in Tδγ towards Th1 response during restitution by cytokine IL2 modulation.

scholarly journals Standardized astragalus extract for attenuation of the immunosuppression induced by strenuous physical exercise: randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Latour ◽  
Jaroslaw Arlet ◽  
Emilia E. Latour ◽  
Artur Juszkiewicz ◽  
Karolina Łuczkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
System Response ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocytes ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Intensive Training

Abstract Background This paper aimed to verify how a supplementation of rower’s diet with Astragalus Membranaceus Root (AMR) modulated their immune system response to maximal physical exertion. Methods The double-blind study included 18 members of the Polish Rowing Team assigned to the supplemented group (n = 10), and the placebo group (n = 8). The participants performed a 2000 m test on a rowing ergometer at the beginning and at the end of the six-week of intensive training camp during which the supplemented group received 500 mg of AMR. Blood samples were obtained prior to, 1 min after completing, and 24 h after the exertion test. The levels of interleukin 2 (IL2), interleukin 4 (IL4), interleukin 10 (IL10), interferon ɤ (IFN-ɣ), and lactic acid were determined. Subpopulations of T regulatory lymphocytes [CD4+/CD25+/CD127−] (Treg), cytotoxic lymphocytes [CD8+/TCRαβ+] (CTL), natural killer cells [CD3−/CD16+/CD56+] (NK), and TCRδγ-positive cells (Tδγ) were determined with flow cytometry. Results After the camp, the initial NK and Treg levels sustained at the baseline, while Tδγ counts increased relative to the levels in the placebo group. In the supplemented subgroup, a decrease in IL2 level in reaction to maximal exertion clearly deepened while the change in IL-2/IL-10 level induced by the recovery after this exertion clearly increased, relative to the changes in the placebo group. Conclusions AMR restored the immunological balance in strenuously trained athlets through a stabilization of NK and Treg cells with a positive trend in Tδγ towards Th1 response during restitution by cytokine IL2 modulation.

scholarly journals Age-related aspects of cytokine profile of immune response in children with pertussis

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
O. P. Popova ◽  
M. S. Blyakher ◽  
I. M. Fedorova ◽  
S. I. Koteleva ◽  
I. V. Kapustin
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Cytokine Network ◽  
Immunological Markers ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Immunoregulatory Cytokines ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents a comparative analysis of the cytokine network in 161 patients with pertussis under the age of 1 year and in 180 patients over the age of 1 year. The studies revealed lower production of immunoregulatory cytokines (interferon-γ and interleukin-2) in patients under the age of 1 year at all stages of the disease and with all variants of pertussis (both mono- and mixed infections). The researchers revealed the relationship between the level of interferon-γ production and the severity of pertussis. They revealed age differences in the interferon-8 production in patients with mixed infection, which can determine clinical features and cause bronchopulmonary complications. The authors demonstrated the features of the dynamics of spontaneous and induced production of interleukin-6 and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-4, interleukin-10) in children under the age of 1 year; these features can be considered as immunological markers determining the imperfection of the humoral response in patients with pertussis in this age group.

DOWN-REGULATION OF INTERLEUKIN-2 AND INTERFERON-?? AND MAINTENANCE OF INTERLEUKIN-4 AND INTERLEUKIN-10 PRODUCTION AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF AN ANTI-CD3 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY IN MICE1

1999 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Martin Wissing ◽  
Fabrice Desalle ◽  
Daniel Abramowicz ◽  
Fabienne Willems ◽  
Oberdan Leo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Down Regulation

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Anwulignan against HCl/Ethanol-Induced Acute Gastric Ulcer in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jiawei Liu ◽  
Huijiao Lin ◽  
Liwei Yuan ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Chunmei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Gastric Tissue ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Gastric ulcer is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. Anwulignan (AN) is a major active component of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of AN against the acute gastric ulcer induced by HCl/ethanol in mice. The mice were given HCl/ethanol by gavage to establish an acute gastric ulcer model. Then, the serum and gastric tissue samples were taken for biochemical analyses. The results showed that the pretreatment with AN could significantly reduce the gastric ulcer index (GUI) and increase the ulcer inhibition rate, indicating that AN can protect against gastric ulcers. AN showed its antioxidant roles by decreasing the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and anti-inflammatory roles by decreasing the content of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and increasing the content of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO) in both serum and gastric tissue. Furthermore, AN also activated the NRF2/ARE signaling pathway and inhibited the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. AN improves the acute gastric ulcer induced by HCl/ethanol in mice, which may be mainly through its antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory effect.

scholarly journals Increased serum levels of interleukin-6 in erythema nodosum leprosum suggest its use as a biomarker

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 190-198
Author(s):  
Fátima Regina Vilani-Moreno ◽  
Vânia Nieto Brito-de-Souza ◽  
Sônia Maria Usó Ruiz Silva ◽  
Adriana Sierra Assêncio Almeida Barbosa ◽  
Beatriz Gomes Carreira Sartori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Erythema Nodosum Leprosum ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background: Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a frequent complication of multibacillary leprosy that can result in significant morbidity, including peripheral nerve damage and physical disability. The identification of possible serum markers could be a valuable tool for the early detection of ENL. Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate selected serum mediators involved in the innate and adaptive immune responses to identify possible immunomarkers for ENL. Methods: The levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interleukin-17, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor, nitric oxide and anti-phenolic glycolipid-I antibodies were measured in the sera of leprosy patients with ENL [at the beginning of reaction (M0) and 1 month later (M1)], and then compared with the levels of the same markers in patients with untreated multibacillary leprosy without ENL (controls with leprosy: CTRL) and healthy individuals (healthy controls: CTRH). Results: Significantly higher levels of serum interleukin-6 were observed in M0 than in CTRL. In addition, pairwise comparisons showed higher levels of interleukin-6 in M0 compared to M1. Levels of tumor necrosis factor were higher in M0 than in CTRL, with no significant difference between M0 and M1. There were no differences in the levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-10, interleukin-17 or interferon-γ between groups. The CTRL group had higher levels of nitric oxide compared to M0 and M1. High levels of anti-phenolic glycolipid-I were observed in M0, M1 and CTRL than in CTRH. Limitations: Three patients were not assessed at M1, decreasing the number of evaluated patients from 14 to 11. Conclusion: High-serum levels of interleukin-6 were observed during ENL, primarily in patients with more severe reactions; levels decreased after specific therapy, suggesting a role for this cytokine in pathogenesis and its utility as an ENL biomarker. Further studies should explore whether interleukin-6 could also be used as a predictive marker for ENL or as a specific target for its treatment.

scholarly journals Cytokine profile of cervical mucus at different forms of papillomavirus infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 642-645
Author(s):  
O V Skidanenko-Levina
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Epithelial Dysplasia ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cervical Secretion

Aim. To study the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cervical secretion in females with cervical epithelial dysplasia and latent papillomavirus infection. Methods. The study included 120 females aged 20 to 40 years with cervical papillomavirus infection, who were assigned to two groups using «case-control» method. The first group included 60 females with latent disease, the second group - 60 females with mild and moderate cervical epithelial dysplasia (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia stages I and II). Cytokine levels in cervical secretion were measured by ELISA using «ProCon» test system. Results. ELISA test showed increased levels of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 (43 [21; 74] and 48 [12; 88] pg/ml, respectively) and decreased levels of interleukin-2 (18.5 [5.5; 27.5] pg/ml), interleukin-6 (0.6 [0.06; 0.9] pg/ml), tumor necrosis factor alpha (88.5 [0; 123] pg/ml), interferon γ (2 [0; 4] pg/ml) in cervical secretion of females with cervical epithelial dysplasia compared to females with latent papillomavirus infection. Thus, females with cervical epithelial dysplasia showed increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines: interleukin-4 - by 2.7 times and interleukin-10 - by 2.4 times compared to females with latent disease, while levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines was decreased as following: interleukin-2 - by 1.4 times, interleukin-6 - by 4.5 times, tumor necrosis factor alpha - by 1.8 times, interferon γ - by 6.3 times (p 0.05). Conclusion. Imbalance of immune response cytokine regulation with anti-inflammatory cytokines prevailing might be an important factor facilitating persistence of papillomavirus in cervical epithelium and contributing to cervical epithelial dysplasia onset and progression.

Effects of Interferon Beta, Cyclophosphamide and Azathioprine on Cytokine Profile in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Totaro ◽  
A. Passacantando ◽  
T. Russo ◽  
I. Parzanese ◽  
M. Rascente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Th2 Cytokines ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

We assessed the in vitro effects of interferon beta-1b (IFNβ-1b), cyclophosphamide (CY), and azathioprine (AZA) alone and of the combination of IFNβ-1b with CY or AZA on the production of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in 10 patients with multiple sclerosis. Cytokine levels were determined at baseline and after stimulation with IFNβ-1b, CY, and AZA alone or with the combination of IFNβ-1b with CY or AZA. The combination of IFNβ-1b with CY resulted in a statistically significant decrease in the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) (P=0.003) and tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-α) (P=0.03). An additive effect on the production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) (P=0.2) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) (P=0.6), and a positive interaction on the production of interleukin-4 (IL-4) (P=0.08) were observed although the findings were not statistically significant. The combination of IFNβ-1b with AZA resulted in a significant negative effect on the production of IL-2 (P=0.006), whereas TNF-α (P=0.02), IFN-γ (P=0.03), IL-4 (P=0.2), and IL-10 (P=0.3) were not statistically impacted. Our data show that CY was able to improve the effects of IFNβ-1b on the ratio of Th1/Th2 cytokines.

scholarly journals Effects of 4-Week Intervention withUlmus macrocarpaHance Extract on Immune Function Biomarkers in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
A Ra Cho ◽  
Sang Yeoup Lee ◽  
Young Hye Cho ◽  
Cheol Min Kim ◽  
Sung Goo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Term Administration

Ulmus macrocarpaextract has been shown to have immune-related effects in animals, but no studies have yet been performed in humans. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to determine the effect of short-term administration ofUlmus macrocarpaHance extract (UME) on immune function biomarkers and its safety in human subjects. Fifty-eight subjects were randomly assigned to a UME group or a placebo group. Subjects in the UME group were given 500 mg per day of UME orally for 4 weeks. Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of tumor necrotic factor-αincreased only in the UME group at 1 week(P=0.027). The MFI of interleukin-2 decreased less significantly in the UME group than in the placebo group at 1 week(P=0.028). However, unfortunately, at 4 weeks, no intergroup differences were detected in MFIs of cytokine. In conclusion, administration of UME for 1 week increased serum TNF-αand sustains IL-2 in human, which suggests that UME increases Th1-related immune function in the short term in healthy people. However, additional studies are needed to confirm the results of this first-stage study and further trials are required to decide on optimal dosage and duration of administration. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT02414412.

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