scholarly journals Gonadal Antioxidant Responses to Seawater Acidification and Hypoxia in the Marine Mussel Mytilus Coruscus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangen Xu ◽  
Hui Kong ◽  
Xueqing Chang ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Yuewen Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Seawater Acidification ◽  
Mytilus Coruscus ◽  
Biomarker Response

Abstract This study investigated the combined effects of seawater acidification and hypoxia on the gonadal antioxidant response of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus mainly distributed along the Shengsi Island, East China Sea, where hypoxia and pH fluctuations frequently occur in summer. Mussels were exposed to three pH levels (8.1, 7.7 and 7.3) and two dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (6 and 2 mg L− 1) for 21 days following a 10-day recovery. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in gonad and gonad surface area (GSA) were measured at day 21 and 31. Among all the parameters, there was no significant change in SOD activity. GSA and the activity of CAT and GST were decreased under acidification and hypoxia, but GPX, GSH and MDA were increased. PCA showed that the changes were influenced by pH more than DO. Interaction between acidification and hypoxia was found significant on GPX activity and GSA. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) analysis demonstrated that acidification and hypoxia impaired mussel’s antioxidant system and increased oxidative damage. Our results clearly showed that acidification and hypoxia synergistically exert negative impact on the antioxidant system and gonad development of mussels, and the effect of acidification was more significant.

scholarly journals The effect of biofloc and clear water at low and high salinity concentration on growth performance and antioxidant response of wild juveniles of Atlantic white shrimp Penaeus setiferus

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-464
Author(s):  
Manuel Valenzuela-Jiménez ◽  
Diana Aguilera-Rivera ◽  
Wilson Wasielesky Jr. ◽  
Idelette Hernández-López ◽  
Gabriela Rodríguez-Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox Balance ◽  
High Water ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Clear Water ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Biomarker Response ◽  
Penaeus Setiferus

The effect of biofloc (BFT) and clear water (CW) at low (ls) and high-water salinity (hs) in wild juveniles of Penaeus setiferus were evaluated. Four treatments were implemented: hsBFT, lsBFT, hsCW, and lsCW. After 45 days, final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and survival rate (SR) were evaluated. Antioxidant activity in muscle and hepatopancreas were measured: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S transferase (GST), lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein oxidation (PO). The FW and SR was low for lsCW (P < 0.05), whereas the WG and HSI was high in hsBFT and lsBFT (P < 0.05). The integrative biomarker response index (IBR) showed differences between muscle (M) and hepatopancreas (HP). Results showed an increase of SOD and CAT measured from HP for lsBFT treatment. For M, CAT and GST were high only in BFT (regardless of the water salinity). LPO determined from M and HP recorded the high values at hs and ls, respectively. The PO determined in HP showed substantial damage in BFT (regardless of the salinity), whereas the same determination from M was only important for lsCW treatment. When the analyses of variance (ANOVA) were performed, SOD, LPO, and PO were significant in response to salinity (P < 0.05). In contrast, for CAT, the higher activity was due to the rearing system and salinity interaction (P < 0.05). Results suggest that BFT could diminish the stress by stimulating the antioxidant system to maintain the redox balance through a higher enzyme activity and decrease damage in the proteins and lipids of the cells.

Antioxidant responses of the mussel Mytilus coruscus co-exposed to ocean acidification, hypoxia and warming

2020 ◽  
pp. 111869
Author(s):  
Fahim Ullah Khan ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Huaxin Gu ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Sam Dupont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Mytilus Coruscus

Assessment of oxidative DNA damage, oxidative stress responses and histopathological alterations in gill and liver tissues of Oncorhynchus mykiss treated with linuron

2020 ◽  
pp. 096032712098420
Author(s):  
Ahmet Topal ◽  
Arzu Gergit ◽  
Mustafa Özkaraca
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Secondary Lamellae ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Oxidative Stress Responses

We investigated changes in 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) activity which is a product of oxidative DNA damage, histopathological changes and antioxidant responses in liver and gill tissues of rainbow trout, following a 21-day exposure to three different concentrations of linuron (30 µg/L, 120 µg/L and 240 µg/L). Our results indicated that linuron concentrations caused an increase in LPO levels of liver and gill tissues ( p < 0.05). While linuron induced both increases and decreases in GSH levels and SOD activity, CAT activity was decreased by all concentrations of linuron ( p < 0.05). The immunopositivity of 8-OHdG was detected in the hepatocytes of liver and in the epithelial and chloride cells of the secondary lamellae of the gill tissues. Our results suggested that linuron could cause oxidative DNA damage by causing an increase in 8-OHdG activity in tissues, and it induces histopathological damage and alterations in the antioxidant parameters of the tissues.

scholarly journals Integrated Biomarker Response for Environmental Assessment Using the Gastropod Phorcus turbinatus along the Northern and the Northeastern Coasts of Tunisia

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
Wafa Boulajfene ◽  
Montassar Lasram ◽  
Sabiha Zouari-Tlig
Keyword(s):  
Condition Factor ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Biomarker Response ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Bio Monitoring

This work aims to assess the spatial and temporal variations of four biomarkers activities and to integrate their biological responses in a battery using the gastropod Phorcus turbinatus. The monitoring was carried out during the period between April 2014 and January 2015 at six stations along the northern and the northeastern coasts of Tunisia. The Fulton condition factor was estimated and the activities of catalase, acetylcholinesterase and glutathione-S-transferase were evaluated by spectrophotometry. A multi-biomarker battery approach was used to assess ecosystems’ condition and to identify environmental impacts on the organisms. The results suggest that the enzymatic activities of CAT and GST depend especially on seasons. As for AChE activity, it was similar between seasons and stations. The values of the integrated biological response were maximal at Jarzouna in summer and at Sidi Daoued in winter, indicating the presence of severe stressors suffered by the organisms. This perturbation may be due to the enrichment of the waters by xenobiotics, namely polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, insecticides, phosphate wastes, PCBs and pesticides. Thus, P. turbinatus seems to be a good bioindicator of chemical pollution, constituting an adequate tool for a bio-monitoring program.

scholarly journals Effects of Desiccation on Metamorphic Climax in Bombina variegata: Changes in Levels and Patterns of Oxidative Stress Parameters

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 953
Author(s):  
Tamara G. Petrović ◽  
Ana Kijanović ◽  
Nataša Kolarov Kolarov Tomašević ◽  
Jelena P. Gavrić ◽  
Svetlana G. Despotović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
System Control ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Metamorphic Climax ◽  
Bombina Variegata ◽  
Stress Parameters

In this paper, we examined how the oxidative status (antioxidant system and oxidative damage) of Bombina variegata larvae changed during the metamorphic climax (Gosner stages: 42—beginning, 44—middle and 46—end) and compared the patterns and levels of oxidative stress parameters between individuals developing under constant water availability (control) and those developing under decreasing water availability (desiccation group). Our results revealed that larvae developing under decreasing water availability exhibited increased oxidative damage in the middle and end stages. This was followed by lower levels of glutathione in stages 44 and 46, as well as lower values of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and sulfhydryl groups in stage 46 (all in relation to control animals). Comparison between stages 42, 44 and 46 within treatments showed that individuals in the last stage demonstrated the highest intensities of lipid oxidative damage in both the control and desiccation groups. As for the parameters of the antioxidant system, control individuals displayed greater variety in response to changes induced by metamorphic climax than individuals exposed to desiccation treatment. The overall decrease in water availability during development led to increased oxidative stress and modifications in the pattern of AOS response to changes induced by metamorphic climax in larvae of B. variegata.

scholarly journals Effects of Ginger Phenylpropanoids and Quercetin on Nrf2-ARE Pathway in Human BJ Fibroblasts and HaCaT Keratinocytes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ermin Schadich ◽  
Jan Hlaváč ◽  
Tereza Volná ◽  
Lakshman Varanasi ◽  
Marián Hajdúch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Hacat Keratinocytes ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Detoxification Enzyme ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Downstream Effector

Quercetin and phenylpropanoids are well known chemoprotective compounds identified in many plants. This study was aimed at determining their effects on activation of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE) signalling pathway and expression of its important downstream effector phase II detoxification enzyme glutathione-S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) in BJ foreskin fibroblasts and skin HaCaT keratinocytes. Cell lines and their corresponding Nrf2-ARE luciferase reporter cells were treated by ginger phenylpropanoids and quercetin for 10 h and the level of Nrf2 activity was subsequently determined. Both, ginger phenylpropanoids and quercetin, significantly increased the level of Nrf2 activity. Subsequent western blot analyses of proteins showed the increased expression level of glutathione-S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) in BJ cells but not in HaCaT cells. Such phenomenon of unresponsive downstream target expression in HaCaT cells was consistent with previous studies showing a constitutive expression of their GSTP1. Thus, while both ginger phenylpropanoids and quercetin have the property of increasing the level of Nrf2 both in HaCaT and in BJ cells, their effects on its downstream signalling were mediated only in BJ cells.

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