scholarly journals Modulatory Effect of Dietary Copper Nanoparticles and Vitamin C Supplementations on Growth Performance, Hematological and Immune Parameters, Oxidative Status, Histology, and Disease Resistance Against Yersinia Ruckeri in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Delavari ◽  
Ahmad Gharaei ◽  
Javad Mirdar Harijani ◽  
Aida Davari ◽  
Abolhasan Rastiannasab
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yersinia Ruckeri ◽  
Dietary Copper

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) and vitamin C (VC) supplementations on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles. Six trial diets were supplemented with Cu-NPs and VC including 0/0 (T1, control diet), 0/250 (T2), 0/500 (T3), 2/250 (T4), 2/500 (T5), and 2/0 (T6) mg Cu-NPs/VC per kg diet. After the feeding trial for 60 days, the fish were challenged with Yersinia ruckeri and the survival rate was calculated for 15 days. Based on the data analysis, weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), lysozyme, alternative complement activity (ACH50), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), hematocrit (Hct) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by the Cu-NPs factor. Meanwhile, VC was a significant factor for hemoglobin (Hb) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p < 0.05). The results showed that the Cu-NPs and/or VC-supplemented diets improved WG, FCR, SGR, PER, lysozyme, ACH50, SOD, CAT, GPX, Hb, Hct, and MCV when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The expressions of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-10, SOD, CAT, and GPX genes were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the fish fed on T3, T4, and T5 diets versus the control. In addition, the dietary Cu-NPs and VC supplementations significantly enhanced resistance against pathogens and led to the control of infection in rainbow trout. In conclusion, Cu-NPs and VC administered as feed additive at 2/250–500 mg/kg elevated the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and health of rainbow trout.

scholarly journals Pike-Perch (Sander lucioperca) and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fed with an Alternative Microorganism Mix for Reducing Fish Meal and Oil—Fishes’ Growth Performances and Quality Traits

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Michaela Schafberg ◽  
Karin Loest ◽  
Andreas Müller-Belecke ◽  
Sascha Rohn
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Sander Lucioperca ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Pike Perch ◽  
Carcass Parameters

In the last decades, several plant-based materials were used for the substitution of fish meal and oil in aquaculture. The present study evaluated the fish quality and the sensory differences of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and pike-perch (Sander lucioperca) from three different feeding groups, which were fed a commercially available industrial (standard) diet, a control diet, and a special microorganism-based feed mix. This feed mainly consisted of a mix made of Rhodotorula glutinis, Crypthecodinium cohnii, and Arthrospira sp. and had 50% less fish meal and fish oil compared to typical control diets. At the beginning, the pike-perch population was six months old, and the rainbow trout population was 15 months old. The feeding study duration was 16 weeks and every four weeks the growth performance and several morphometric parameters were recorded. Afterwards, sensory evaluation took place to identify possible trends. Sensory evaluation revealed that the rainbow trout groups did not show any significant differences to the standard and control fish fillets with regard to odor, texture, and taste. The effects on rainbow trout growth performances and carcass parameters were similar to the standard group. The feed mix was not optimal for pike-perch farming, which was also reflected by significantly adversely affected growth performance and carcass parameters. The sensorial evaluation showed an opposite trend: here, only small differences in the fillets from the feed mix and standard/control diet were observed.

Effect of Dietary Ascorbate on the Concentration of Tissue Ascorbic Acid, Dehydroascorbic Acid, Ascorbic Sulfate, and Activity of Ascorbic Sulfate Sulfohydrolase in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1518-1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Dabrowski ◽  
Reinhard Lackner ◽  
Cristine Doblander
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Kidney Liver

The concentrations of ascorbic acid in several tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are significantly influenced by various dietary treatments. Ascorbic acid was taken up readily by erythrocytes, kidney, liver, intestine, spleen, and brain in fish fed an ascorbate supplemented diet (AA group), the concentration being from 1.5 to 14.8-fold higher than in fish fed a diet lacking ascorbate (control group). In fish fed a diet supplemented with an equimolar amount of ascorbic acid in the form of ascorbic sulfate (AS group) the ascorbic acid concentrations in kidney, intestine, and erythrocytes were significantly elevated above those of the control group. Ascorbic sulfate was found in kidney, liver, and intestine of the AS group, but not in other groups. In fish fed a diet devoid of vitamin C the ascorbic acid concentrations in kidney, liver, intestine, and spleen were signficantly lower than in fasting fish over the same period of time (28 d), suggesting a high demand for vitamin C in an actively feeding animal. Salmonid fish are therefore probably unable to utilize ascorbic sulfate sufficiently to prevent the appearance of vitamin C deficiency, and thus resemble scurvy-prone mammals in this respect.

scholarly journals Immune Response of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to Selected Antigens of Yersinia ruckeri

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unal Ispir ◽  
H. Bayram Gokhan ◽  
Mikail Ozcan ◽  
Mustafa Dorucu ◽  
Naim Saglam
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yersinia Ruckeri ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Fish Group

In this study, effects of Yersinia ruckeri antigens on the immune mechanisms of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were examined. The weight of the 120 fish used in this study was 20–30 g. After injecting 1 mg of formalin-inactivated whole cells (FKC) and O-antigen (Ag-O) intraperitoneally, blood was taken from the caudal vein of anaesthetized fish and metabolic activity of leukocytes (Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) activities), phagocytic activity (PA), phagocytic index (PI), serum protein and serum total immunoglobulin (TIg) levels were determined on day 30 after the first immunization. The same procedure was conducted in the control group. In all the experimental groups, considerable increases in the immune indicators were found and significant differences detected between the control and experimental groups (p < 0.05). Metabolic activity of leukocytes decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during the following treatment with antigens compared to the control fish group.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on the Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TL on Cecal Bacterial Community Structure of Broiler Chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxuan Hong ◽  
Yingxian Cheng ◽  
Yanjuan Li ◽  
Xiaowen Li ◽  
Zutao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Cecal Microbiota

Probiotics can promote the health and growth performance of animals through modulation of intestinal microbiota. When used as a feed additive, they have the potential to minimize or abolish the use of antibiotics. In this study, we investigated the effect of the probiotic strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TL on the growth performance and cecum microflora composition in Cobb 500 broiler chickens. In total, 180 broilers were randomly divided into three groups—each group comprised 4 pens, and each pen contained 15 chickens. The three groups were fed either a control diet, or a diet supplemented with either the antibiotic chlortetracycline or B. amyloliquefaciens TL. Broilers were weighed, and cecum contents were collected on days 7, 14, 21, and 35, respectively. The broilers in both the antibiotic and probiotic groups exhibited significant weight gain compared with controls, exhibiting increases of 16.02% and 13.40%, respectively, after 35 days (P<0.01). Similarly, the feed conversion ratio (FCR, 1–35 days) of broilers in the chlortetracycline and B. amyloliquefaciens TL groups was lower than that of the controls. HiSeq high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA of the cecal microbiota was performed on days 7, 14, 21, and 35, respectively. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was higher in the chlortetracycline and B. amyloliquefaciens TL groups than in the control group on days 14, 21, and 35, and especially on day 21. The prevalence of genera Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, Butyricicoccus, and Faecalibacterium (Firmicutes) was higher in the antibiotic and probiotic groups, while that of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides (Bacteroidetes), and Lactobacillus was higher in the control group. In this study, the changes in the microbiota of the probiotic group were similar to those in the antibiotic group. These results suggest that the probiotic strain B. amyloliquefaciens TL can modulate the cecal microbiota of broilers similar to chlortetracycline.

Effects of dietary copper nanoparticles and vitamin C supplementations on growth performance, immune response and stress resistance of red sea bream,Pagrus major

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1329-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. El Basuini ◽  
A.M. El-Hais ◽  
M.A.O. Dawood ◽  
A.E.-S. Abou-Zeid ◽  
S.Z. EL-Damrawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Red Sea Bream ◽  
Pagrus Major ◽  
Dietary Copper

scholarly journals Spirulina (Arthrospira fusiformis) as a potential protein source in practical diets for fry mariculture of Rufiji tilapia (Oreochromis urolepis urolepis)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Deogratias P. Mulokozi ◽  
Matern S. Mtolera ◽  
Aviti J. Mmochi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion

The effects on growth performance, feed utilization, survival and whole fish body proximate composition of replacing fishmeal (Rastrineobola argentea) with a locally available spirulina species (Arthrospira fusiformis) as a protein ingredient in the feed of Rufiji tilapia (Oreochromis urolepis urolepis) fry was examined. Fishmeal replacement with A. fusiformis was carried out at 5%, 15%, 25%, 35% and 100% (S5, S15, S25, S35 and S100), and the effect of the replacement was compared with the control diet (S0, 0% spirulina). Fish fry were stocked at an average initial weight of 0.57 g at 10 fish per 0.1 m3 and cultured for 60 days using full strength salt water (30-35 ppt). A. fusiformis was isolated from Momela Lake in Arusha National Park, Tanzania and propagated using selected culture media. It was observed that fish fry fed spirulina at a 5% fishmeal substitution level diet had better (p<0.05) final weight (8.48), average daily weight gain (0.132), specific growth rate (4.47), feed conversion rate (2.08) and protein efficiency ratio (1.37) compared to the control fish group. Growth performance in fish fed diet S15 was comparable with the control group (p>0.05). Spirulina supplementation had no effect on fish survival rates and meat quality. It appears that the Momella Lake spirulina may be an appropriate growth-stimulating plant protein when used as a feed additive in Rufiji tilapia mariculture. 

scholarly journals Effects of Apple (Malus pomila) Pomace-Derived Pectin on the Innate Immune Responses, Expressions of Key Immune-Related Genes, Growth Performance, and Digestive Enzyme Activity of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2117
Author(s):  
Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar ◽  
Ghasem Rashidian ◽  
Hamed Ghafarifarsani ◽  
Mohammad Amin Jahazi ◽  
Mehdi Soltani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Significant Difference

Pectins are a group of carbohydrates found in structural parts of terrestrial plants with wide industrial and biomedical applications. This study was designed to investigate the dietary effects of apple pomace-derived pectin (APDP) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Four formulated diets were provided with different inclusion levels of APDP for 30 days: 0, 5, 10, and 20 g kg−1; referred to as control, P1, P2, and P3, respectively. In this study, 300 fish (3.56 ± 0.007 g) were randomly distributed into twelve fiberglass tanks and fed 3% of their respective body weight four times a day. At the end of the experiment, growth parameters, including weight gain, specific growth rate, and food conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly improved in P1 and P2 treatments compared to those of the other treatments. Results from proximate composition analysis showed that protein content increased, and lipid decreased in the P2 and P3 groups. Serum lysozyme, complement activity, total immunoglobulin levels, and total protein were significantly enhanced in all treatments compared to those of the control group. Gene expression results showed no significant difference in regulation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β); however, up-regulation of lysozyme, interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was observed in both P1 and P2. Unlike lipase, the activity of protease and amylase significantly increased in fish receiving different levels of APDP compared to the control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the present findings suggest APDA as a promising feed additive for rainbow trout.

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