Disrupted fronto-temporal function in panic disorder: a resting-state connectome study

Abstract Recent neuroimaging studies have identified altered activations and connectivity among many brain regions as potential biomarkers for panic disorder. However, little was known about how topological properties would change in panic disorder. Therefore, a graph-theoretical approach was applied in this study to construct functional networks of patients and healthy controls to discover topological changes in panic disorder. 31 patients and 33 matched healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Brain network of each participant was structured using the Anatomical Automatic Labeling template as nodes and connectivity matrixes as edges. Then, topological organizations of networks were calculated. Network-based statistic analysis was conducted and global and nodal properties were compared between patients and controls. Patients with panic disorder showed small-world attribute, which was lower than that in controls. Patients revealed decreased nodal efficiency in superior and middle frontal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus. Decreased functional connectivity was found in panic disorder between right middle temporal gyrus and extensive temporal regions. Results indicated decreased function of global and regional information transmission in panic disorder, highlighted the disrupted “top-down” processing in fronto-temporal regions and emphasized the role of temporal regions in the pathology of panic disorder.

Download Full-text

Aberrant Functional Connectivity in Resting State Networks of ADHD Patients Revealed by Independent Component Analysis(ICA)

10.21203/rs.2.16761/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Huayu Zhang ◽

Yue Zhao ◽

Weifang Cao ◽

Dong Cui ◽

Qing Jiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Middle Temporal ◽

Group Ica ◽

The Right ◽

Brain Functional Connectivity ◽

Left Middle Temporal Gyrus

Abstract Background：ADHD is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Altered functional connectivity has been associated with ADHD symptoms. This study aimed to investigate abnormal changes in the functional connectivity of resting-state brain networks (RSNs) among adolescent patients with different subtypes of ADHD. Methods: The data were obtained from the ADHD-200 Global Competition, including fMRI data from 88 ADHD patients (56 patients of ADHD-Combined，ADHD-C and 32 patients of ADHD-Inattentive, ADHD-I) and 67 Typically-Developing Controls (TD-C). Group ICA was utilized to research aberrant brain functional connectivity within different subtypes of ADHD. Results: Compared with TD-C group, the clusters of decreased functional connectivity were located in the left inferior occipital gyrus (p=0.0041) and right superior occipital gyrus (p=0.0011) of DAN, supplementary motor area (p=0.0036) of ECN, left supramarginal gyrus (p=0.0081) of SN, middle temporal gyrus (p=0.0041) and superior medial frontal gyrus (p=0.0055) of DMN in ADHD-C group. In the ADHD-I group, decreased functional connectivity was found in the right superior parietal gyrus (p=0.0017) of DAN and left middle temporal gyrus (p=0.0105) of DMN. The decreased functional connectivity of ADHD-C group was found in superior temporal gyrus (p=0.0062) of AN, inferior temporal gyrus (p=0.0016) of DAN, dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (p=0.0082) of DMN compared to ADHD-I group. All the clusters surviving at p<0.05 (AlphaSim correction). Conclusion: The results suggested that decreased functional connectivity within the DMN and DAN was responsible, at least in part, for the symptom of inattention in ADHD-I patients. Similarly, we believed that the impaired functional connectivity within networks may contribute to the manifestations of ADHD-C patients, including inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and unconscious movements.

Download Full-text

Insulin Resistance-Associated Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity Alterations in T2DM: A Resting-State fMRI Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/719076 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Wenqing Xia ◽

Shaohua Wang ◽

Andrea M. Spaeth ◽

Hengyi Rao ◽

Pin Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Resting State Fmri ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity

We aim to investigate whether decreased interhemispheric functional connectivity exists in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). In addition, we sought to determine whether interhemispheric functional connectivity deficits associated with cognition and insulin resistance (IR) among T2DM patients. We compared the interhemispheric resting state functional connectivity of 32 T2DM patients and 30 healthy controls using rs-fMRI. Partial correlation coefficients were used to detect the relationship between rs-fMRI information and cognitive or clinical data. Compared with healthy controls, T2DM patients showed bidirectional alteration of functional connectivity in several brain regions. Functional connectivity values in the middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and in the superior frontal gyrus were inversely correlated with Trail Making Test-B score of patients. Notably, insulin resistance (log homeostasis model assessment-IR) negatively correlated with functional connectivity in the MTG of patients. In conclusion, T2DM patients exhibit abnormal interhemispheric functional connectivity in several default mode network regions, particularly in the MTG, and such alteration is associated with IR. Alterations in interhemispheric functional connectivity might contribute to cognitive dysfunction in T2DM patients.

Download Full-text

Aberrant functional connectivity in resting state networks of ADHD patients revealed by independent component analysis

BMC Neuroscience ◽

10.1186/s12868-020-00589-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Huayu Zhang ◽

Yue Zhao ◽

Weifang Cao ◽

Dong Cui ◽

Qing Jiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Middle Temporal ◽

Dorsal Attention Network ◽

Group Ica ◽

The Right ◽

Brain Functional Connectivity ◽

Left Middle Temporal Gyrus

Abstract Background ADHD is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Altered functional connectivity has been associated with ADHD symptoms. This study aimed to investigate abnormal changes in the functional connectivity of resting-state brain networks (RSNs) among adolescent patients with different subtypes of ADHD. Methods The data were obtained from the ADHD-200 Global Competition, including fMRI data from 88 ADHD patients (56 patients of ADHD-Combined, ADHD-C and 32 patients of ADHD-Inattentive, ADHD-I) and 67 typically developing controls (TD-C). Group ICA was utilized to research aberrant brain functional connectivity within the different subtypes of ADHD. Results In comparison with the TD-C group, the ADHD-C group showed clusters of decreased functional connectivity in the left inferior occipital gyrus (p = 0.0041) and right superior occipital gyrus (p = 0.0011) of the dorsal attention network (DAN), supplementary motor area (p = 0.0036) of the executive control network (ECN), left supramarginal gyrus (p = 0.0081) of the salience network (SN), middle temporal gyrus (p = 0.0041), and superior medial frontal gyrus (p = 0.0055) of the default mode network (DMN), while the ADHD-I group showed decreased functional connectivity in the right superior parietal gyrus (p = 0.0017) of the DAN and left middle temporal gyrus (p = 0.0105) of the DMN. In comparison with the ADHD-I group, the ADHD-C group showed decreased functional connectivity in the superior temporal gyrus (p = 0.0062) of the AN, inferior temporal gyrus (p = 0.0016) of the DAN, and the dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (p = 0.0082) of the DMN. All the clusters surviving at p < 0.05 (AlphaSim correction). Conclusion The results suggested that decreased functional connectivity within the DMN and DAN was responsible, at least in part, for the symptom of inattention in ADHD-I patients. Similarly, we believed that the impaired functional connectivity within networks may contribute to the manifestations of ADHD-C patients, including inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and unconscious movements.

Download Full-text

Dysbalanced Resting-State Functional Connectivity Within the Praxis Network Is Linked to Gesture Deficits in Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia Bulletin ◽

10.1093/schbul/sbaa008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 905-915 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Florian Wüthrich ◽

Petra V Viher ◽

Katharina Stegmayer ◽

Andrea Federspiel ◽

Stephan Bohlhalter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Precentral Gyrus ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

Neural Basis ◽

Course Of Illness ◽

Parietal Lobule

Abstract Patients with schizophrenia frequently present deficits in gesture production and interpretation, greatly affecting their communication skills. As these gesture deficits can be found early in the course of illness and as they can predict later outcomes, exploring their neural basis may lead to a better understanding of schizophrenia. While gesturing has been reported to rely on a left lateralized network of brain regions, termed praxis network, in healthy subjects and lesioned patients, studies in patients with schizophrenia are sparse. It is currently unclear whether within-network connectivity at rest is linked to gesture deficit. Here, we compared the functional connectivity between regions of the praxis network at rest between 46 patients and 44 healthy controls. All participants completed a validated test of hand gesture performance before resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was acquired. Patients performed gestures poorer than controls in all categories and domains. In patients, we also found significantly higher resting-state functional connectivity between left precentral gyrus and bilateral superior and inferior parietal lobule. Likewise, patients had higher connectivity from right precentral gyrus to left inferior and bilateral superior parietal lobule (SPL). In contrast, they exhibited lower connectivity between bilateral superior temporal gyrus (STG). Connectivity between right precentral gyrus and left SPL, as well as connectivity between bilateral STG, correlated with gesture performance in healthy controls. We failed to detect similar correlations in patients. We suggest that altered resting-state functional connectivity within the praxis network perturbs correct gesture planning in patients, reflecting the gesture deficit often seen in schizophrenia.

Download Full-text

Aberrant Functional Connectivity in Resting State Networks of ADHD Patients Revealed by Independent Component Analysis

10.21203/rs.2.16761/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Huayu Zhang ◽

Yue Zhao ◽

Weifang Cao ◽

Dong Cui ◽

Qing Jiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Middle Temporal ◽

Dorsal Attention Network ◽

Group Ica ◽

The Right ◽

Brain Functional Connectivity ◽

Left Middle Temporal Gyrus

Abstract Background: ADHD is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Altered functional connectivity has been associated with ADHD symptoms. This study aimed to investigate abnormal changes in the functional connectivity of resting-state brain networks (RSNs) among adolescent patients with different subtypes of ADHD. Methods: The data were obtained from the ADHD-200 Global Competition, including fMRI data from 88 ADHD patients (56 patients of ADHD-Combined, ADHD-C and 32 patients of ADHD-Inattentive, ADHD-I) and 67 typically developing controls (TD-C). Group ICA was utilized to research aberrant brain functional connectivity within the different subtypes of ADHD. Results: In comparison with the TD-C group, the ADHD-C group showed clusters of decreased functional connectivity in the left inferior occipital gyrus (p = 0.0041) and right superior occipital gyrus (p = 0.0011) of the dorsal attention network (DAN), supplementary motor area (p = 0.0036) of the executive control network (ECN), left supramarginal gyrus (p = 0.0081) of the salience network (SN), middle temporal gyrus (p = 0.0041), and superior medial frontal gyrus (p = 0.0055) of the default mode network (DMN), while the ADHD-I group showed decreased functional connectivity in the right superior parietal gyrus (p = 0.0017) of the DAN and left middle temporal gyrus (p = 0.0105) of the DMN. In comparison with the ADHD-I group, the ADHD-C group showed decreased functional connectivity in the superior temporal gyrus (p = 0.0062) of the AN, inferior temporal gyrus (p = 0.0016) of the DAN, and the dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (p = 0.0082) of the DMN. All the clusters surviving at p < 0.05 (AlphaSim correction). Conclusion: The results suggested that decreased functional connectivity within the DMN and DAN was responsible, at least in part, for the symptom of inattention in ADHD-I patients. Similarly, we believed that the impaired functional connectivity within networks may contribute to the manifestations of ADHD-C patients, including inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and unconscious movements.

Download Full-text

Distinguishing hypochondriasis and schizophrenia using regional homogeneity: a resting-state fMRI study and support vector machine analysis

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1017/neu.2021.9 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-29

Author(s):

Kangyu Jin ◽

Zhe Shen ◽

Guoxun Feng ◽

Zhiyong Zhao ◽

Jing Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Resting State ◽

Parietal Lobe ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Resting State Fmri ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Regional Homogeneity ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Support Vector ◽

Fmri Study

Abstract Objective: A few former studies suggested there are partial overlaps in abnormal brain structure and cognitive function between Hypochondriasis (HS) and schizophrenia (SZ). But their differences in brain activity and cognitive function were unclear. Methods: 21 HS patients, 23 SZ patients, and 24 healthy controls (HC) underwent Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) with the regional homogeneity analysis (ReHo), subsequently exploring the relationship between ReHo value and cognitive functions. The support vector machines (SVM) were used on effectiveness evaluation of ReHo for differentiating HS from SZ. Results: Compared with HC, HS showed significantly increased ReHo values in right middle temporal gyrus (MTG), left inferior parietal lobe (IPL) and right fusiform gyrus (FG), while SZ showed increased ReHo in left insula, decreased ReHo values in right paracentral lobule. Additionally, HS showed significantly higher ReHo values in FG, MTG and left paracentral lobule but lower in insula than SZ. The higher ReHo values in insula were associated with worse performance in MCCB in HS group. SVM analysis showed a combination of the ReHo values in insula and FG was able to satisfactorily distinguish the HS and SZ patients. Conclusion: our results suggested the altered default mode network (DMN), of which abnormal spontaneous neural activity occurs in multiple brain regions, might play a key role in the pathogenesis of HS, and the resting-state alterations of insula closely related to cognitive dysfunction in HS. Furthermore, the combination of the ReHo in FG and insula was a relatively ideal indicator to distinguish HS from SZ.

Download Full-text

Depression Disorder Classification of fMRI Data Using Sparse Low-Rank Functional Brain Network and Graph-Based Features

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/3609821 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Xin Wang ◽

Yanshuang Ren ◽

Wensheng Zhang

Keyword(s):

Pearson Correlation ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Brain Network ◽

Classification Performance ◽

Low Rank ◽

Fmri Data ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Functional Brain ◽

Functional Brain Network ◽

Depression Disorder

Study of functional brain network (FBN) based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has proved successful in depression disorder classification. One popular approach to construct FBN is Pearson correlation. However, it only captures pairwise relationship between brain regions, while it ignores the influence of other brain regions. Another common issue existing in many depression disorder classification methods is applying only single local feature extracted from constructed FBN. To address these issues, we develop a new method to classify fMRI data of patients with depression and healthy controls. First, we construct the FBN using a sparse low-rank model, which considers the relationship between two brain regions given all the other brain regions. Moreover, it can automatically remove weak relationship and retain the modular structure of FBN. Secondly, FBN are effectively measured by eight graph-based features from different aspects. Tested on fMRI data of 31 patients with depression and 29 healthy controls, our method achieves 95% accuracy, 96.77% sensitivity, and 93.10% specificity, which outperforms the Pearson correlation FBN and sparse FBN. In addition, the combination of graph-based features in our method further improves classification performance. Moreover, we explore the discriminative brain regions that contribute to depression disorder classification, which can help understand the pathogenesis of depression disorder.

Download Full-text

Aberrant activation within auditory network is associated with psychiatric comorbidities in interictal migraineurs without aura

10.21203/rs.3.rs-36497/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Heng-Le Wei ◽

Yu-Chen Chen ◽

Yu-Sheng Yu ◽

Xi Guo ◽

Gang-Ping Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Auditory Cortex ◽

Resting State ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Brain Activation ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Intracranial Volume ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Postcentral Gyrus ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Background: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging has confirmed auditory network dysfunction in migraine without aura (MwoA). Epidemiological investigations have disclosed that migraine is comorbid with many psychiatric symptoms. However, the underlying mechanisms of auditory cortex dysfunction linked to psychiatric disorders in MwoA remain unclear. The present study aimed to explore associations between brain activation in the auditory cortex and clinical and psychiatric characteristics in patients with MwoA during interictal periods.Methods: Resting-state data were acquired from patients with episodic MwoA (n=34) and healthy controls (n=30). Independent component analysis was used to extract and calculate the resting-state auditory network. Subsequently, we analyzed the correlations between spontaneous activation in the auditory cortex and clinical and psychiatric features in MwoA.Results: Compared with healthy controls, patients with MwoA showed increased activation in the left auditory cortex (i.e., superior temporal gyrus (STG), postcentral gyrus (PoCG) and insula). Brain activation in the left STG was positively correlated with anxiety scores, and activation in the left PoCG was negatively correlated with anxiety and depression scores. No significant differences were found in intracranial volume between the two groups.Conclusions: This study indicated that functional impairment and altered integration within the auditory cortex existed in patients with MwoA in the interictal period, suggesting that auditory cortex disruption as a biomarker may be implemented for the early diagnosis and prediction of neuropsychiatric impairment in MwoA.

Download Full-text

Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Connectivity Between Semantic and Phonological Regions of Interest May Inform Language Targets in Aphasia

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (9) ◽

pp. 3051-3067

Author(s):

Amy E. Ramage ◽

Semra Aytur ◽

Kirrie J. Ballard

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Resting State ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Regions Of Interest ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Language Performance

Purpose Brain imaging has provided puzzle pieces in the understanding of language. In neurologically healthy populations, the structure of certain brain regions is associated with particular language functions (e.g., semantics, phonology). In studies on focal brain damage, certain brain regions or connections are considered sufficient or necessary for a given language function. However, few of these account for the effects of lesioned tissue on the “functional” dynamics of the brain for language processing. Here, functional connectivity (FC) among semantic–phonological regions of interest (ROIs) is assessed to fill a gap in our understanding about the neural substrates of impaired language and whether connectivity strength can predict language performance on a clinical tool in individuals with aphasia. Method Clinical assessment of language, using the Western Aphasia Battery–Revised, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were obtained for 30 individuals with chronic aphasia secondary to left-hemisphere stroke and 18 age-matched healthy controls. FC between bilateral ROIs was contrasted by group and used to predict Western Aphasia Battery–Revised scores. Results Network coherence was observed in healthy controls and participants with stroke. The left–right premotor cortex connection was stronger in healthy controls, as reported by New et al. (2015) in the same data set. FC of (a) connections between temporal regions, in the left hemisphere and bilaterally, predicted lexical–semantic processing for auditory comprehension and (b) ipsilateral connections between temporal and frontal regions in both hemispheres predicted access to semantic–phonological representations and processing for verbal production. Conclusions Network connectivity of brain regions associated with semantic–phonological processing is predictive of language performance in poststroke aphasia. The most predictive connections involved right-hemisphere ROIs—particularly those for which structural adaptions are known to associate with recovered word retrieval performance. Predictions may be made, based on these findings, about which connections have potential as targets for neuroplastic functional changes with intervention in aphasia. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12735785

Download Full-text

IN VIVO ASSESSMENT OF AMYLOID AND GLUCOSE SIGNATURES IN SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE SUBJECTS

Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology ◽

10.1142/s0219519421400182 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2140018

Author(s):

XIAOFENG YU ◽

ZHILONG ZHU ◽

SHUZHAN ZHENG ◽

JIAN JIANG ◽

JUANJUAN JIANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Decline ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Standardized Uptake Value ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽

Middle Temporal ◽

Main Effect ◽

Heschl Gyrus

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), characterized by self-perceived subtle cognitive impairment ahead of the appearance of explicit and measurable cognitive deficits, is regarded as the preclinical manifestation of the pathological change continuum of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We were committed to exploring the amyloid and glucose metabolic signatures related to imminent brain metabolic changes in SCD subjects. This study included 39 subjects (mean age = 71.9 years; 14 males and 25 females) diagnosed with SCD disease and 39 gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) (mean age = 75.2; 16 males and 23 females) with brain [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) images and [18F] florbetapir PET images. The standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) of PET images within the regions of interest (ROIs) were calculated. Inter-group SUVR differences were assessed by two-sample [Formula: see text]-testing and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses. A generalized linear model (GLM) was employed to evaluate the correlations between amyloid and FDG uptake. Compared with HCs, SCD subjects showed significantly increased amyloid SUVR, as well as significantly increased glucose SUVR in the olfactory, amygdala, thalamus, heschl gyrus, superior and middle temporal gyrus and temporal pole (all [Formula: see text]). The amyloid SUVR of thalamus was found to have a better ROC result (area under the curve (AUC): 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66–0.86) in the HC group, as was the case with the glucose SUVR of the middle temporal gyrus (AUC: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73–0.91). There were significant positive correlations between amyloid and glucose SUVRs ([Formula: see text]). The amyloid SUVR of the thalamus showed a significantly better main effect (odd ratio [Formula: see text] 2.91, 95% CI: 1.44–6.7, [Formula: see text]), and the glucose SUVR of the heschl gyrus indicated an enhanced main effect (odd ratio [Formula: see text] 5.08, 95% CI: 1.86–18.15, [Formula: see text]). SCD subjects demonstrated significant amyloid accumulation and glucose hypermetabolism in specific brain regions, and amyloid pathology overlapped with regions of glucose abnormality. These findings may advance the understanding of imminent pathological changes in the SCD stage and help to provide clinical guidelines for interventional management.

Download Full-text