In-Vitro Acclimatization of Curcuma Zedoaria Under Iso-Osmotic Treatments, Ex-Vitro Adaptation and Agronomic Traits in Greenhouse Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rujira Tisarum ◽  
Unenzaya Bayaraa ◽  
Thanyaporn Sotesaritkul ◽  
Thipmanee Hleepongpanich ◽  
Thapanee Samphumphuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Curcuma Zedoaria ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Low survival rate, poor adaptation to ex-vitro environments, and time required for hardening the plants to cope with fluctuated environments of field trial are identified as major barriers in this technology. In present study, iso-osmotic adjustment in the culture medium using sucrose and/or mannitol was applied to the in-vitro cloning of Curcuma zedoaria (white turmeric) plants, which were transferred to ex-vitro conditions and subsequently cultivated in the greenhouse conditions prior to harvest after 9 months. During both in-vitro and ex-vitro development of plant, growth and physiological traits under 3% sucrose (Suc) + 2.5% mannitol (Man) were lower than those in control (3% Suc; conventional tissue culture). Interestingly, pseudostem height and root length in acclimatized plantlets under 3% Suc + 2.5% Man were sharply dropped by 60.13% and 92.37% over control, respectively, resulting in a decrease in the ex-vitro adaptation by 56.27% and 33.33% over the control. A positive relationship between reduction of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and sucrose concentration in the leaf tissues was evidently observed. Remarkably, the morphological and physiological traits of aboveground and underground parameters of acclimatized plantlets under 3% Suc + 2.5% Man were maximized over control, leading to high yield of curcuminoids (229.4 mg plant− 1) in the dry rhizome (31 g plant− 1) when cultivated under greenhouse microenvironments for 9 months. Based on this investigation, we propose that plantlets of C. zedoaria micropropagated using 3% Suc + 2.5% Man can readily acclimatize under ex-vitro conditions and subsequently develop as healthy plants with compact and uniform size.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation Method for Production of Phenolic-Rich Planting Material of Culinary Rhubarb ‘Malinowy’

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1768
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wojtania ◽  
Monika Mieszczakowska-Frąc
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
High Concentration

Culinary rhubarb is a popular vegetable crop, valued for its long, thickened stalks, very rich in different natural bioactive ingredients. Tissue cultures are a useful tool for vegetative propagation of virus-free rhubarb plants and rapid multiplication of valuable selected genotypes. The aim of this study was to develop an effective method for in vitro propagation of selected genotypes of Polish rhubarb ‘Malinowy’ characterized by high yield and straight, thick and intensive red stalks. Identification and quantification of anthocyanins and soluble sugars by the HPLC method in shoot cultures and ex vitro established plantlets were also performed. Shoot cultures were established from axillary buds isolated from dormant, eight-year-old rhizomes. Effective shoot multiplication of rhubarb ‘Malinowy’ was obtained in the presence of 6.6 µM benzylaminopurine or 12.4 µM meta-topolin. Both cytokinins stimulated shoot formation in a manner that depended on sucrose concentration. Increasing the sucrose concentration from 59 to 175 mM decreased the production of shoots and outgrowth of leaves by 3-fold but enhanced shoot length, single shoot mass and callus formation at the base of shoots. This coincided with increased accumulation of soluble sugars (fructose, glucose) and anthocyanins-cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside (max. 208.2 mg·100 g−1 DM) and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (max. 47.7 mg·100 g−1 DM). The highest rooting frequency (94.9%) and further successful ex vitro establishment (100%) were observed for shoots that were earlier rooted in vitro in the presence of 4.9 µM indole-3-butyric acid. Our results indicated that anthocyanin contents in leaf petioles were influenced by developmental stage. Under in vitro conditions, it is possible to elicit those pigments by sucrose at high concentration and meta-topolin.

scholarly journals A COMPREHENSIVE DESCRIPTION OF EX-VITRO ROOTING OF PISTACHIO ROOTSTOCKS GROWN IN PHOTOMIXOTROPHIC AND PHOTOAUTOTROPHIC CONDITION

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Mahmoudi Meimand ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Shamshiri ◽  
Khalil Malekzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Dehghani
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Ex Vitro Rooting ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
The Media ◽  
Photoautotrophic Condition

As a basic principle, ex-vitro rhizogenesis increases the micropropagation efficiency of Micro propagation in any plant from both biological and economic viewpoints. In the current study, we surveyed the effects of number of air exchanges along with sucrose concentration on in-vitro rooting of two pistachio rootstocks consisting of UCB1 and Qazvini versus ex-vitro rooting. Based on our findings for the UCB1 rootstock, microshoot ex-vitro rooting reached the highest percentage (63.70 %) after six weeks' treatment with indole butyric acid (IBA) (5000 ppm) and free naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), while for Qazvini rootstock treated with NAA (6000 ppm) along with IBA (5000 ppm), rooting achieved 35.06%. Photomixotrophic resulted from decreasing sucrose concentration from 30 to 15 (g L-1) in corporation with ventilation condition increased UCB1 rooting (67.89%) as well as plant survival (58.34%). For Qazvini rootstock, maximum sucrose concentration (30 g L-1) improved rooting parameters. For in-vitro rooting experiment, rooting percentage of UCB1 plantlets as well as the main and lateral produced roots were higher in media supplemented with (1 mg l-1) IBA, free NAA, and BA. Regarding Qazvini rootstock, the highest in-vitro rooting percentage (43.75%) and root length were associated with the media supplemented with BA (0.5 mg l-1), IBA (2 mg l-1), and NAA (2 mg l-1). As a result, for both the studied rootstocks, better rooting parameters were observed in the ex-vitro rooted microshoots than in-vitro rooted.

scholarly journals LABORATORY EVALUATION OF REGENERATES OF WHEAT HYBRID COMBINATIONS IN VITRO AND EX VITRO CONDITIONS

ÈKOBIOTEH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
A.E. Zinatullina ◽  
◽  
V.I. Nikonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Culture In Vitro

Drought is the combination of climatic conditions that leads to a long-term shortage of water in the soil and air. This is one of the most common abiotic stress factors that leads to significant losses of crop yield and the emergence of a threat to food security. Researchers are actively developing ways to create drought-resistant zoned varieties of economically important agricultural crops and especially cereals as the main food resource. Such varieties should maintain a relatively high yield rate with a shortage of water in the soil and air. The aim of the work was the laboratory evaluation in vitro and ex vitro of wheat regenerants formed in the embryo culture in vitro under conditions selective for the indicator "drought resistance". Methods of embryo culture in vitro, laboratory evaluation of caryopsis viability, histological analysis, as well as statistical processing of the received results were used. Under the conditions of in vitro experiments on the selective medium simulating drought by introducing mannit at the concentration of 8% as an osmotic, regenerants of 5 hybrid wheat combinations that showed tolerance to stress were obtained. It is shown that the development of regenerants in vitro and ex vitro pass according to the same phenological phases and in the same duration as donor plants. Regenerants form caryopsises of sufficiently high quality, which is confirmed by laboratory observations of their viability and histological analysis of seedlings.

scholarly journals Anatomical and physiological modifications of micropropagated 'Caipira' banana plants under natural lighy

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Henrique da Silva Costa ◽  
Moacir Pasqual ◽  
Jonny Everson Scherwinski Pereira ◽  
Evaristo Mauro de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Growth Environment

Research about the use of natural light associated to changes in sucrose levels demonstrated potential in promoting in vitro hardiness of tropical climate species, as well as reducing production costs. However, little is known about physiological and structural changes that happen in the process. This study evaluated the physiological and anatomic performance, and ex vitro survival of micropropagated banana plants in response to cultivation conditions, in the stage of in vitro rooting. Shoots of the 'Caipira' cultivar were cultivated in MS medium, supplemented with 1 mg L-1 NAA and 6 g L-1 agar, in which the following treatments were applied: two sucrose concentrations (15 g L-1 or 30 g L-1) and two cultivation conditions (Natural light - greenhouse and Artificial light - growth chamber). At the end of 45 days, the contents of chlorophyll a, b and total, the relative water content in the tissues, anatomic characteristics and the ex vitro survival were evaluated. Effects of growth environment and sucrose concentration were observed on micropropagated 'Caipira' banana anatomy, physiology and survival. In vitro rooting of the shoots under natural light in the medium containing 15 g L-1 or 30 g L-1 sucrose promoted major alteration in the increase of palisade and spongy parenchyma, as well as reducing leaf water loss and plant death. The results obtained in the present study confirm the potential of the use of natural light as a substitute for artificial light for micropropagation of tropical species.

scholarly journals Gametophyte and sporophyte of tree ferns in vitro culture

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Goller ◽  
Jan J. Rybczyński
Keyword(s):  
Development Time ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Tree Ferns ◽  
Time Required ◽  
New Generation

Experiments had been carried out on gametophytes and very young fronds of sporophytes with application of Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium. The paper described the results of 15 years in vitro experiments on 16 species of tree ferns belonging to various genera: <em>Blechnum</em>, <em>Cibotium</em>, <em>Cyathea</em> and <em>Dicksonia</em>. Genus <em>Cyathea</em> was represented by: <em>C. australis</em> (R.Br.) Domin., <em>C. capensis</em> (L.f.) Sm., <em>C. cooperi</em> (F.Muell.) Domin, <em>C. brownii</em> Domin, <em>C. dealbata</em> (G.Forest) Sw., <em>C. dregei</em> Kunze, <em>C. leichhardtiana</em> (F.Muell.) Copel., <em>C. robertsiana</em> (F.Muell.) Domin., <em>C. schanschin</em> Mart., <em>C. smithii</em> Hook.f. and <em>Cyathea</em> sp. In case of genus <em>Dicksonia</em> only two species were introduced into our experiments: <em>D. fibrosa</em> Colenso and <em>D. sellowiana</em> Hook.. Taxa <em>Blechnum</em> was presented by <em>B. brasiliense</em> Desv. and <em>Cibotium</em> by <em>C. glaucum</em> (Sm.) Hook. and Arn. and <em>C. schiedei</em> Schltdl. and Cham.. The studied species presented various responses on culture conditions depending on the level of stage of development. Time required for spores germination differed between species and took from only a few to 16 weeks. Prothalium formations showed various types of growth presented by marginal meristems. For all investigated species long term gametophyte in vitro cultures was established. Mature gametophyte possessed functional antheridia and archegonia. Spontaneous fertilization helped to establish the culture of young sporophytes. For all species the ex vitro culture in greenhouse collection was established. Manipulation of sucrose content in the medium stimulated the multiplication of gametophytes, but its lack induced formation of gemmae. Apospory was observed when culture of very young fronds was extended for 6 months and new generation of gametophytes was developed. Finally, sporophytes of 12 species were obtained and they have been growing in our greenhouse.

Performance, agronomic traits, ensilability and nutritive value of pearl millet cultivar harvested at different growth stages

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
R. D. Santos ◽  
A. L. A. Neves ◽  
L. G. R. Pereira ◽  
L. E. Sollenberger ◽  
E. N. Muniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Silage Production ◽  
Different Growth Stages

AbstractPearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.) is an important crop for rainfed production systems and can play a significant role as a feed source for ruminants owing to its high yield and drought tolerance. It is well-established that the maturity stage can influence the chemical composition as well as the nutritional value of crops traditionally used for silage production, although quantitative evidence that this occurs with pearl millet under rainfed conditions is lacking. The current research assessed the agronomic characteristics, ensilability, intake and digestibility of a Brazilian pearl millet cultivar (IPA BULK1-BF) harvested at four different growth stages. Forage was harvested at 35, 50, 65 and 80 days after sowing and ensiled under laboratory and farm conditions. Apparent digestibility of the silages was determined using 24 male lambs. The results showed that dry matter (DM) and panicle and stem proportions increased with the advancement maturity. The silage evaluations showed that DM, total and non-fibrous carbohydrates and lignin concentrations increased, while crude protein, ADF and in vitro DM digestibility decreased with the increase in plant maturity. Additionally, the fermentation characteristics were improved with the increasing maturity. The digestion study showed that intake of DM and N as well as digestibility of DM and fibre fractions decreased, while lignin intake increased. The results obtained for the production of dry and digestible DM, the ratio of plant fractions and fermentation parameters indicate the possibility of harvesting pearl millet forage after 50 days after sowing for silage production in the Brazilian semi-arid region.

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration and acclimatization of pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr. var. MD2)

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (S5) ◽  
pp. 164-172
Author(s):  
N.A. Ab Rahman ◽  
N. Abdul Latif ◽  
E.Z. Udin ◽  
A. Awal ◽  
A. Shamsiah
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizer

Ananas comosus L. Merr. is asexually propagated through the conventional method from its crowns, slips, hapas, and suckers. Plant tissue culture technique is applied for mass production of clonal pineapple within a shorter period compared to conventional propagation. Hence, this research aims to study the effect of coconut water and optimum sucrose concentration for in vitro growth performance of pineapple. In addition, this research also aims at optimizing the fertilization mechanism for the acclimatization of clonal pineapple ex vitro. The in vitro regeneration was performed by adding a different volume of coconut water and concentration of sucrose into the prepared culture media supplemented with 2.00 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1.00 mg/L Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). For acclimatization method, two different types of fertilizer served as treatments which were compound fertilizers (NPK 15:15:15) and controlled-release fertilizer (AJIB CRF, NPKMg 10:5:18:3). The planting media consisted of topsoil, sand, and compost composition in a ratio of 2:1:2. Results showed that culture media contained 20.00 mL/L coconut water obtained the highest number of shoots (45.33±7.56). On the other hand, culture media supplemented with 30.00 g/L sucrose concentration showed the highest number of shoots (47.25±10.81). Meanwhile, the acclimatization method found that controlled-release fertilizer (AJIB CRF), NPKMg (10:5:18:3) showed about 90% of survival rate. The mean value for the number of leaves and leaves length (cm) in acclimatized clonal pineapple using Controlled-release fertilizer (AJIB CRF) were 5.48±0.96 and 6.00±1.04, respectively. Therefore, the addition of coconut water, optimum sucrose concentration, and the suitable type of fertilizer in both in vitro and ex vitro promote a better growth performance of clonal pineapple.

scholarly journals In Vitro Hardening of Red Raspberry by CO2 Enrichment and Reduced Medium Sucrose Concentration

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1048-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ribo Deng ◽  
Danielle J. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Rooting Medium ◽  
Plantlet Growth ◽  
Greenhouse Control

Micropropagated `Festival' red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) shoots were rooted in specially constructed plexiglass chambers in ambient (340 ± 20 ppm) or enriched (1500 ±50 ppm) CO2 conditions on a medium containing 0, 10, 20, or 30 g sucrose/liter. Plantlet growth and leaf 14CO2 fixation rates were evaluated before and 4 weeks after ex vitro transplantation. In vitro CO2 enrichment promoted in vitro hardening; it increased root count and length, plantlet fresh weight, and photosynthetic capacity but did not affect other variables such as plantlet height, dry weight, or leaf count and area. No residual effects of in vitro CO2 enrichment were observed on 4-week-old transplants. Sucrose in the medium promoted plantlet growth but depressed photosynthesis and reduced in vitro hardening. Photoautotrophic plantlets were obtained on sucrose-free rooting medium under ambient and enriched CO2 conditions and they performed better ex vitro than mixotrophi plantlets grown with sucrose. Root hairs were more abundant and longer on root tips of photoautotrophic plantlets than on mixotrophic plantlets. The maximum CO2 uptake rate of plantlet leaves was 52% that of greenhouse control plant leaves. This did not change in the persistent leaves up to 4 weeks after ex vitro transplantation. The photosynthetic ability of persistent and new leaves of 4-week-old ex vitro transplants related neither to in vitro CO2 nor medium sucrose concentration. Consecutive new leaves of transplants took up more CO2 than persistent leaves. The third new leaf of transplants had photosynthetic rates up to 90% that of greenhouse control plant leaves. These results indicate that in vitro CO2 enrichment was beneficial to in vitro hardening and that sucrose may be reduced substantially or eliminated from red raspberry rooting medium when CO2 enrichment is used.

scholarly journals INDUCTION OF MICROTUBING OF NEW PROMISING POTATO VARIETIES IN ASEPTIC CULTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Elena Oves ◽  
Natal'ya Gaitova ◽  
Ol'ga Shishkina
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Multiplication Factor ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Aseptic Culture ◽  
Murashige Skoog

The studies were carried out with the aim of optimizing microtubing of promising potato varieties in aseptic culture. The experiments studied such factors as the use of vessels of various sizes (test tubes with a diameter of 25 mm and plastic containers 18x18 cm, into which 10 ml of agar and 400 ml of liquid nutrient medium, respectively, were poured, respectively), the density of planting plants in containers (40, 60 and 80 stem explants), the composition of the nutrient medium during ontogenesis, cultivation of mini-tubers from in vitro microplants (control) and microtubers (≥ 0.9 cm and 0.5 ... 0.9 cm in size). When studying the possibility of modifying the nutrient medium based on the Murashige-Skoog recipe to induce tuberization in one variant, the sucrose concentration during growth was changed from 2% before the formation of four internodes by 8% after this phase, the kinetin content during the entire observation period was 0.5 mg/l. In the second variant, microplants were kept on a medium with 6% sucrose and 0.25 mg/l kinetin throughout ontogenesis. The highest yield of microtubers of the standard fraction (27 ... 94%) with a multiplication factor of 0.8 ... 2.7 pcs/plant was noted in the variant with 60 cuttings placed in a container. When grown in test tubes with a change of medium, 1.0 ... 1.5 microtubers were collected per plant with a standard fraction yield of 64 ... 78%. The use of container technology with a similar alternation of nutrient media increased the yield of the standard fraction in most of the studied varieties to 75 ... 86%. In variants with a constant sucrose content in the nutrient medium (6%), a very low multiplication factor was noted, which did not compensate for a sufficiently high yield of the standard fraction, regardless of the laboratory vessel used. The multiplication factor of test tube microplants during planting in the ground was higher than when planting microtubers, with a high yield of the standard fraction

scholarly journals Organogenesis and Cormel Production from Callus Culture of Gladiolus cv. `Balady'

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 460E-461
Author(s):  
Karim H. Al-Juboory ◽  
J. Al-Naimi ◽  
L.K. Al-Amiry ◽  
R. Shibli ◽  
R.M. Skirvin
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Shoot Number

Callus was initiated from leaves of Gladiolus cv. `Balady' on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L NAA, 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D, and 0.5 mg/L kinetin. Organogenesis from callus was induced on medium containing 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 mg/L of either BA, kinetin, or TDZ. TDZ was more effective and resulted in a higher percentage regeneration and regenerant number. The microshoots produced were then propagated in vitro and cormel production was studied. Maximum shoot number (25.1) was obtained on medium containing 1.0 mg/L TDZ without auxin supplements in liquid shaking culture. In vitro cormel formation was significantly enhanced by B-9 and paclobutrazol. Increased sucrose concentration (4% to 5%) proved the most effective for cormel formation. Optimal dormancy break was obtained by storing cormels at 5°C for 1 month or by soaking them for 5 sec with 50 mg/L GA3. In-vitro rooting was achieved on solid medium containing NAA, IAA, or IBA, with higher root number recorded on NAA-treated cultures. Rooted microshoots were successfully acclimatized for ex vitro conditions and grown in the greenhouse. Plants produced from in-vitro propagation showed similar morphological characteristics of plants propagated by direct corm planting in the greenhouse.

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