scholarly journals INDUCTION OF MICROTUBING OF NEW PROMISING POTATO VARIETIES IN ASEPTIC CULTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Elena Oves ◽  
Natal'ya Gaitova ◽  
Ol'ga Shishkina
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Multiplication Factor ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Aseptic Culture ◽  
Murashige Skoog

The studies were carried out with the aim of optimizing microtubing of promising potato varieties in aseptic culture. The experiments studied such factors as the use of vessels of various sizes (test tubes with a diameter of 25 mm and plastic containers 18x18 cm, into which 10 ml of agar and 400 ml of liquid nutrient medium, respectively, were poured, respectively), the density of planting plants in containers (40, 60 and 80 stem explants), the composition of the nutrient medium during ontogenesis, cultivation of mini-tubers from in vitro microplants (control) and microtubers (≥ 0.9 cm and 0.5 ... 0.9 cm in size). When studying the possibility of modifying the nutrient medium based on the Murashige-Skoog recipe to induce tuberization in one variant, the sucrose concentration during growth was changed from 2% before the formation of four internodes by 8% after this phase, the kinetin content during the entire observation period was 0.5 mg/l. In the second variant, microplants were kept on a medium with 6% sucrose and 0.25 mg/l kinetin throughout ontogenesis. The highest yield of microtubers of the standard fraction (27 ... 94%) with a multiplication factor of 0.8 ... 2.7 pcs/plant was noted in the variant with 60 cuttings placed in a container. When grown in test tubes with a change of medium, 1.0 ... 1.5 microtubers were collected per plant with a standard fraction yield of 64 ... 78%. The use of container technology with a similar alternation of nutrient media increased the yield of the standard fraction in most of the studied varieties to 75 ... 86%. In variants with a constant sucrose content in the nutrient medium (6%), a very low multiplication factor was noted, which did not compensate for a sufficiently high yield of the standard fraction, regardless of the laboratory vessel used. The multiplication factor of test tube microplants during planting in the ground was higher than when planting microtubers, with a high yield of the standard fraction

scholarly journals The obtaining potato microtubers on the basis of optimization of in vitro cultivation conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-688
Author(s):  
E. N. Somova ◽  
M. G. Markova ◽  
E. A. Vlasevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
A New Technique

Search work for optimization of such conditions for in vitro cultivation of potatoes as photoperiod, volume of nutrient medium, choice of a source of carbohydrate nutrition and its concentration, as well as growth regulators of auxin and cytokinin nature, was carried out in 2018-2020. Potato microplants of early-ripening (Alena, Latona, Red-Scarlett), middle-early (Adretta, Charodei, Svitanok Kievsky) and mid-season (Naiada, Ladozhskiy, Skarb) varieties were cultivated at illumination of 75-85 mMol/m2 s-1, 6500 K, air temperature 22...25 °C, relative air humidity 70-75 % and photoperiod from 4 to 16 hours. The results of three years of research have shown that the Murashige-Skooga nutrient medium modified by the Russian Potato Research Center with a 6 % sucrose concentration in a volume of 10 ml per microplant and a 12-hour photoperiod were optimal for micro-tuberization during in vitro cultivation of potatoes of all ripeness groups. The interaction of these cultivation conditions made it possible to obtain an average of 2.5 pcs. of microtubers per microplant of early-ripening potato varieties, 2.4 pcs. - middle-early and 3.2 pcs. - mid-season varieties. Optimal methods of in vitro cultivation of potatoes served as the basis for a new technique for obtaining potato microtubers. If this method was followed, the share of microplants with microtubers of early-ripening varieties increased by 6 %, middle-early varieties - by 12 % and mid-season ones - by 9 %. In addition, the duration of the micro-tuberization period in middle-early varieties was reduced by 14 days, in early-ripening and mid-season potato varieties by 28 days. Microplants of early-ripening and middle-early potato varieties formed larger microtubers, while mid-season varieties were in the lead in terms of quantitative yield.

scholarly journals Clonal micropropagation of bog cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L.) in the Udmurt Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
E. N. Cheremnykh ◽  
T. G. Lekontseva ◽  
A. V. Khudyakova ◽  
A. V. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Sphagnum Moss ◽  
Multiplication Factor ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Udmurt Republic

The paper presents the results of 2018-2019 research on improving the technology of growing planting material of bog cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L.) of Krasa Severa, Severyanka, Virussaare varieties on the basis of in vitro. Studied was the effect of the concentrations of growth regulators in the composition of the nutrient medium according to Anderson's recipe on the reproduction and subsequent rooting of micro cuttings, as well as the duration of cultivation and adaptation of micro plants depending on partial pruning of shoots. It has been established that at the stage of introduction into in vitro culture, sterilization of explants with 33% hydrogen peroxide in an exposure of 5-8 minutes with washing in 5 portions of sterile distillate gives 60-80 % of viable shoots. The optimum phase of plant development for the successful introduction of in vitro culture is the swelling of buds. Cultivation of micro cuttings was carried out in a light room at a temperature of 25±2 °С, a photoperiod of 16 hours. The duration of each subculturing was 30-60 days. For the stage of actual micropropagation on Anderson's nutrient medium, an increase in the dose of cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) from 0.2 to 0.5 mg/l and an increase in the duration of cultivation from 30 to 60 days contributed to a significant increase in the multiplication factor on average for the tested cranberry varieties.According to the efficiency of micropropagation, the varieties Virussaare and Krasa Severa were distinguished – 9.3-12.0 pcs/stalk, respectively. At the rooting stage, the use of a root-forming reagent of indolyl-3-acetic acid (IUK) in doses of 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/l in the composition of Anderson's nutrient medium did not affect the quality of root formation and the length of shoots of Virussaare micro-plants. No significant varietal differences in the root-forming ability of microcuttings were found. The tendency of better rooting of micro cuttings was observed in the Virussaare variety (90.3 %) compared to the Severyanka (85.7 %) and Krasa Severa (79.3 %) varieties. Micro plants of the Krasa Severa cultivar were characterized by the longest shoots, the total number of roots was less, but their length was longer in comparison with other cultivars. For the adaptation stage, a substrate from a mixture of lowland peat and sphagnum moss was used (1:1). The efficiency of adaptation of micro plants of cranberry varieties when cutting the tip of the shoots was 100 %. Pruning of micro plants shoots contributed to the formation of more side shoots and better development of the aboveground part of the plants.

scholarly journals Regeneration capacity of Cerasus fruticosa and Prunus domestica into the in vitro culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 209 (06) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Marina Markova ◽  
Elena Somova
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Initiation Time ◽  
Multiplication Factor ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Prunus Domestica ◽  
Nutrient Media

Abstract. The aim of these studies was to introduce into the in vitro culture the steppe cherry (Cerasus fruticosa) variety Shchedraya and the domestic plum (Prunus domestica) variety Sineokaya for subsequent micropropagation. Methods. Optimal conditions for obtaining viable explants, such as sterilizing agent and initiation time, have been investigated. The suitability of various nutrient media for in vitro cultivation of these cultures has also been tested. As a result of the experiments, it was revealed that the most effective sterilizing agents were 38 % perhydrol (control) and 6% chlorhexidine: the yield of viable cherry explants was 63.8 % and 61.5 %, plums – 69.8 % and 66.6 %, respectively. The optimal time for the initiation of cherry explants in vitro was January, where the yield of viable explants averaged 53.9 %, in June – 49.1 %, and for plums the initiation time did not matter – the yield of explants was 55.8 % in winter and 53.1 % in summer. In vitro cultivation of cherries and plums on the Quoirin – Lepoivre nutrient medium provided a significantly high multiplication factor, which averaged 4.1 for cherries (2.7 in control) and 6.0 for plums (3.9 in control). On the same medium, the maximum multiplication factor was obtained, which was 6.2 for cherries and 8.2 for plums. Thus, the scientific novelty of these studies is that the optimal conditions (sterilizing agent, time, nutrient medium) have been selected for the regeneration of cherry and plum explants in vitro with their subsequent micropropagation.

scholarly journals Producing Planting Material of Rubus arcticus L. by Clonal Micropropagation

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Makarov ◽  
◽  
Galina V. Tyak ◽  
Anton I. Chudetsky ◽  
Irina B. Kuznetsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Nontimber Forest Products ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Planting Material

The article presents the results of experimental studies on various propagation methods of the Arctic bramble in the Kostroma region. Industrial cultivation of forest berry plantations is a possible effective solution to the problem of low profitability of using nontimber forest products, reduction of the wild berries resources and their productivity and quality, and reclamation of cutover peatlands. It is advisable to use high-yield varietal planting material to create such plantations. Special attention is paid to propagation and production of healthy planting material using culture of plant cells and tissues. Data on sterilization of explants when introduced in vitro are given. The highest efficiency of sterilization was observed when using a chlorine-free eco-sterilizer (the plant survival rate on the MS nutrient medium was 90–93 %). The effect analysis of the passage number of regenerated plants on the multiplication factor of the Arctic bramble varieties was carried out. The optimal concentrations of cytokinins at the stage of micropropagation are shown. The largest number of the Arctic bramble roots was observed when adding 1.0 mg/L of Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 0.5 mg/L of Ecogel to the nutrient medium. The technological and agrotechnical operations performed during the cultivation of planting material of forest berry plantations are considered. Data on the coefficients of vegetative propagation of plants and their resistance to diseases, yielding capacity, and recultivation of cutover peatlands are given. The best planting material of the Arctic bramble are ball-rooted seedlings. Sawdust and sphagnum were used in the cultivation of this berry on the peatland. The economic efficiency of its cultivation with the method of clonal micropropagation was 358.2 %. For citation: Makarov S.S., Tyak G.V., Kuznetsova I.B., Chudetsky A.I., Tsaregradskaya S.Yu. Producing Planting Material of Rubus arcticus L. by Clonal Micropropagation. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 6, pp. 89–99. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-6-89-99

In-Vitro Acclimatization of Curcuma Zedoaria Under Iso-Osmotic Treatments, Ex-Vitro Adaptation and Agronomic Traits in Greenhouse Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rujira Tisarum ◽  
Unenzaya Bayaraa ◽  
Thanyaporn Sotesaritkul ◽  
Thipmanee Hleepongpanich ◽  
Thapanee Samphumphuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Curcuma Zedoaria ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Low survival rate, poor adaptation to ex-vitro environments, and time required for hardening the plants to cope with fluctuated environments of field trial are identified as major barriers in this technology. In present study, iso-osmotic adjustment in the culture medium using sucrose and/or mannitol was applied to the in-vitro cloning of Curcuma zedoaria (white turmeric) plants, which were transferred to ex-vitro conditions and subsequently cultivated in the greenhouse conditions prior to harvest after 9 months. During both in-vitro and ex-vitro development of plant, growth and physiological traits under 3% sucrose (Suc) + 2.5% mannitol (Man) were lower than those in control (3% Suc; conventional tissue culture). Interestingly, pseudostem height and root length in acclimatized plantlets under 3% Suc + 2.5% Man were sharply dropped by 60.13% and 92.37% over control, respectively, resulting in a decrease in the ex-vitro adaptation by 56.27% and 33.33% over the control. A positive relationship between reduction of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and sucrose concentration in the leaf tissues was evidently observed. Remarkably, the morphological and physiological traits of aboveground and underground parameters of acclimatized plantlets under 3% Suc + 2.5% Man were maximized over control, leading to high yield of curcuminoids (229.4 mg plant− 1) in the dry rhizome (31 g plant− 1) when cultivated under greenhouse microenvironments for 9 months. Based on this investigation, we propose that plantlets of C. zedoaria micropropagated using 3% Suc + 2.5% Man can readily acclimatize under ex-vitro conditions and subsequently develop as healthy plants with compact and uniform size.

SPECIES OF MINT GROWING IN THE CAUCASUS AND HAVING FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL IMPORTANCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 430-432
Author(s):  
A. Tsibulskaya ◽  
E. Shmat
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Multiplication Factor ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Led Lighting ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Murashige Skoog

Research has been carried out on micropropagation of an important pharmaceutical and food plant, water mint (M. aquatica), which grows in the Sochi Black Sea region. Reproduction was carried out with nodal explants. When grown on a Murashige-Skoog nutrient medium with 0.1-0.2 mg / l NAA and 0.5-1.0 mg / l kinetin, a multiplication factor of 1:15 - 1:20 per month was achieved. When lighting with fluorescent lamps, 0.45 ± 0.01 mg of biomass was obtained per one PB-16 tube, and with LED lighting - 0.98 ± 0.05 mg.

Influence of the Nutrient Medium and Photoperiod on Tuberization of Potato Micro-plants of Promising Potato Varieties in vitro Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
E. Vlasevskaya ◽  
I. Mukhametshin
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The results of studies on the influence of the nutrient medium and photoperiod on tuberization of micro-plants of promising potato cultivars in an in vitro culture under are presented the conditions of a potato renewal laboratory at the Udmurt Research Institute of Agriculture of the Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2018. Two experiments were carried out to identify patterns of the influence of potato cultivation conditions in vitro on the efficiency of its propagation and to develop an improved method for propagating potato micro-tubers in vitro. The experiments were carried out in accordance with the recommendation “New technologies for the production of healthy source material in elite potato seed production”, “Technologies for microclonal propagation of plants”. Object of research: micro-plants of potato varieties Alena, Charodei, Nayada. The studied variants of sugar concentration are 0%, 2% (control), 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%. The studied photoperiod options are 16 hours (control), 14 hours, 12 hours, 10 hours, 8 hours, 6 hours, 4 hours. Based on the results of studies in 2018, experimental data were obtained. It was revealed that the lack of sugar in the nutrient medium negatively affects the growth and development of potato micro-plants. An increase in sugar concentration to 6–10%, in comparison with the control (2%), significantly increases the tuber-forming ability of micro-plants by an average of 6.1–7.2% and increases the number of tubers from one micro-plant. The highest yield of micro-tubers from one micro-plant on average for varieties was obtained with a 14-hour photoperiod and amounted to 1.3 pcs. With a 12-hour photoperiod, micro-tubers begin to form 7–14 days earlier than in the other variants of the experiment.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF NUTRITION COMPOSITIONS ON MICROCLONAL PROPAGATION DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF THE WALNUT JUGLANS REGIA L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (383) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
T. K. Yegizbayeva ◽  
T. V. Yausheva ◽  
S. N. Oleichenko ◽  
R. J. Licea-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Quality Material

Walnut is one of the most common nuts in many countries of the world. It is used in cooking and in traditional medicine. Walnut cultivation on an industrial scale in Kazakhstan began only in 2016-2017, so Kazakhstan scientists in this field do not yet have any scientific experience. The article presents the results of studies on the influence of the nutrient medium compositions Murashige-Skoog and Driver-Kunzhuki on the microclonal propagation of different genotypes of the walnut Juglans regia L. Two varieties were selected as mother plants: the Uzbek variety Ideal and the Chinese variety Liaohe-1, adapted in the southeast Kazakhstan. In the course of work, we compared the growth rate of walnut shoots of two varieties on nutrient media Murasige-Skoog (MS) and Driver-Kunzhuki (DKW) with a concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) of 1 and 1.5 mg / l. After a month of cultivation of shoots, positive growth dynamics was observed only on MS medium. On plants of both varieties, the growth rate was slow on DKW medium, the plants had yellow leaves, some shoots blackened and perished. To obtain high-quality material, as well as to increase the growth rate of shoots, DKW medium was supplemented with FeEDDHA (119 mg / L) and phloroglucinol (50 mg / L). As a result of phenological observations: the height of the main shoot, the number of internodes, the formation of additional shoots, and the state of the plants, it was found that the best nutrient medium for microclonal propagation of walnut Ideal and Liaohe-1 is a modified DKW medium. MS can only be used at the initial stage - an introduction to in vitro culture.

scholarly journals Use of growth inhibitor chlormequat chloride in potato culture in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Buldakov
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Investigational Product ◽  
Chlormequat Chloride ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Potato Culture ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
The Cost

The publication presents data on the use of growth inhibitor chlormequat chloride in in vitro potato culture on varieties of different maturity groups: Meteor (early), Zekura (mid-early), and Northern Lights (mid-season). Five dosages of the investigational product were studied, ranging from 0.1125 to 1.8 g/l. It was found that in maximum doses of the product there was a strong inhibition of all growth processes in all varieties. The research results showed that the most optimal concentration of chlormequat chloride is 0.225 g per 1 liter of Murashige and Skoog medium. At this dose, on 30th day of cultivation, there was a decrease in the height of microplants from the control by 63.2-85.1%, in the root length - up to 15.0% and their number - up to 22.8% and an increase in the number of internodes by 6.5-22,0 % depending on the variety. The investigational product had an effect on formation of microtubers; in the Meteor variety, their largest number was 89.5% in the nutrient medium with a dose of 1.8 g/l, in the Zekura variety - 93.0% in the nutrient medium with a dose of 0.9 g/l. The new technique makes it possible to lengthen the periods between cuttings of test-tube plants by 2.3 times. This, in turn, reduces the cost of maintaining the in vitro collection material of potatoes in the summer-autumn period, and improves its quality, since each additional cutting cycle affects a more rapid degeneration of the variety. Also, microplants grown with growth inhibitor during subsequent relocation to a standard Murashige and Skoog medium did not show an aftereffect.

scholarly journals Morphogenetic ability in vitro of the genus Centaurea Kleop species of Ukrainian flora

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
A. V. Golubenko ◽  
V. I. Didenko ◽  
A. V. Zinchenko ◽  
O. V. Voytsekhivska ◽  
N. Yu. Taran
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Direct Regeneration ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Adventitious Buds ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Morphogenesis In Vitro ◽  
Morphogenic Callus

Aim. The purpose of the work was to introduce into the aseptic culture two endemic and one common species of the Centaurea genus (C. breviceps, C. steveniana and C. stoebe) and to identify their ability to different types of morphogenesis. Methods. The methods of plant tissue and cell culture in vitro are used in this work. Seeds and parts of the seedlings derived from seeds were primary cultivating material. The nutritional medium of Murashige Skoog was used as a base. The seeds were sprouted according to Nikolaeva’s methods and their own modifications. Results. Seedlings C. breviceps, C. steveniana and C. stoebe were obtained. Ability to vegetative reproduction in vitro by cutting and forming non-morphogenic callus of C. breviceps plants have been shown. C. steveniana explants formed morphogenic callus and vegetative and generative shoots-regenerants from it, as well as they were able to the shoot direct regeneration (microcloning) from the segments of the stem. C. stoebe did not form the adventitious buds on stem explants, but revealed the ability to mass regeneration from leafy and petiolate explants. Conclusions. Morphogenesis in vitro of the various speces of Centaurea genus have both type and tissue specificity, and depends on explants. The investigated species are able to the following types of morphogenesis: forming of callus, direct and indirect regeneration of adventitious buds and shoots from them, forming of generative shoots.Keywords: Centaurea, rare endemic plants, in vitro morphogenesis.

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