Determinants of the low practice, knowledge and attitude of exclusive breastfeeding in four health centres of the Talangaï Health District, Congo

Abstract Objectives The objective of the study is to assess the determinants of the low practice, knowledge and attitudes of breastfeeding mothers in the Talangaï district of Congo.Study design An analytical knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) study about EBF in mothers of children aged 0-6 months was conducted.Methods A KAP analytical study was carried out from December 3, 2017, to July 15, 2018, based on the four health centers of the Talangaï health district in Congo Brazzaville. Using formula from Wayne W. Daniel, 357 mothers were included. The practice of EBF was determined based on a 24-h recall. The main variables studied were the socio-demographic characteristics of the mothers and their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding EBF based on WHO recommendations. A logistic regression analysis was performed, and the odds ratio was calculated with a 95% confidence interval.Results The mean age was 26.8 years (± 5.9 years). Mothers with 2-3 children represented 42.6% of the sample. The prevalence of EBF among infants 0–6 months old was 33.9%. Mothers' knowledge, attitudes and practices were unsatisfactory (78.4%), favourable (79.5%) and bad (67.2%), respectively. Factors associated with satisfactory knowledge were being a public official [OR: 3.18 (1.39-7.28)] and/or multiparous [OR: 2.25 (1.23-4.11)]. Mothers who had satisfactory knowledge had a higher rating of having good practices on EBF.Conclusions Factors related to good knowledge among mothers are multiparity, age and being a civil servant. Promoters’ EBF must target mothers in all sectors of activity and even in the community by sensitizing them on the subject.

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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding COVID-19 Among Health Care Workers in Public Health Facilities in Eastern Ethiopia: Cross-sectional Survey Study

JMIR Formative Research ◽

10.2196/26980 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. e26980

Author(s):

Alinoor Mohamed Farah ◽

Tahir Yousuf Nour ◽

Muse Obsiye ◽

Mowlid Akil Aden ◽

Omar Moeline Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Public Health Facilities ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

The Mean ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background On March 13, 2020, Ethiopia reported the first confirmed case of COVID-19 in Addis Ababa. COVID-19 is likely to overwhelm an already-fragile health care delivery system and reduce the availability of essential health services. This analysis of data from the Somali Region of Eastern Ethiopia on health care workers’ (HCWs) knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the prevention and control of COVID-19 may be used in planning health education programs about the emerging viral disease. Objective This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of HCWs regarding COVID-19 infection. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs in three public health facilities in the Somali Region, Eastern Ethiopia. A self-administered questionnaire was shared with all HCWs working at the public health facilities. A total of 15 knowledge questions were scored as 1 or 0 for correct or incorrect responses, respectively. A total of 14 practice questions were scored on a 3-point scale from 1 (“always”) to 3 (“never”). A total of six attitude questions were rated on a 5-point Likert scale, in a negative dimension, as follows: 1 (“strongly agree”), 2 (“agree”), 3 (“neutral”), 4 (“disagree”), and 5 (“strongly disagree”). Mean scores were calculated and used as a cut point to dichotomize the outcome variables (>13.7 indicated good knowledge, <18.8 indicated good practices, and ≤10.5 indicated favorable attitudes). We used t tests and analyses of variance (ie, F tests) to analyze the mean score differences of knowledge, attitudes, and practices between the independent variables. Spearman correlation was used to assess the relationship between mean knowledge and attitude scores. Results Of the 686 HCWs approached, a total of 434 HCWs responded (63.3% response rate). The mean age of the participants was 27.6 (SD 5.3) years, and the majority of the participants were male (293/434, 67.5%). The mean knowledge score was 13.7 (SD 2.6), and 73.3% (318/434) of participants had sufficient knowledge. The mean attitude score was 10.5 (SD 4.1), and 54.8% (238/434) of the participants had a good attitude toward COVID-19. The mean practice score was 18.8 (SD 5.8), and 61.5% (267/434) of the participants practiced precautionary measures to prevent COVID-19. There was a negative correlation between knowledge and attitude scores (r=–0.295, P<.001) and between knowledge and practice scores (r=–0.298, P<.001). Conclusions The overall levels of knowledge and practice were relatively better than the attitude level. This highlights the need to implement strategies that enhance the positive attitudes and safe practices of the HCWs for better containment of the pandemic and supporting of essential health care services.

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Practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding in the Talangai Health District, Congo: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-30534/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

SYLVAIN HONORE WOROMOGO ◽

Marie Binelvie Onday Elenga ◽

Félicité Emma Yagata Moussa ◽

Jesse St Saba ANTAON ◽

PIERRE MARIE TEBEU

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Public Official ◽

Schwartz Formula ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Kap Study ◽

The Subject ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Objectives The objective of the study is to assess mothers' knowledge, attitudes and practices of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in the aim of improving the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding. Study design An analytical knowledge, Attitudes and Practice (KAP) study about EBF on mothers of children aged 0-6 months was conducted. Methods Using SCHWARTZ formula, 362 mothers were included. The practice of EBF was determined based on a 24-h recall. The main variables studied were the socio-demographic characteristics of the mothers, their knowledge, attitudes and practices on EBF based on WHO recommendations A logistic regression analysis was performed and the odds ratio were calculated with 95% confidence interval. Results The prevalence of EBF among infants 0–6 months old was 33.9%. Mothers' knowledge, attitudes and practices were unsatisfactory (78.4%), favourable (79.5%) and bad (67.2%) respectively. Factors associated with satisfactory knowledge were being a public official [OR: 3.18 (1.39-7.28)] and or multiparous, [OR: 2.25 (1.23-4.11)]. Mothers who had a satisfactory knowledge had a higher rating of having good practices on EBF. Conclusions Factors related to good knowledge among mothers are multiparity, age and being a civil servant. Promoters’EBF must target mothers in all sectors of activity and even in the community by sensitizing them on the subject.

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Pharmacists’ “Full Scope of Practice”: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Rural and Remote Australian Pharmacists

Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare ◽

10.2147/jmdh.s279243 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol Volume 13 ◽

pp. 1781-1789

Author(s):

Catherine Hays ◽

Melanie Sparrow ◽

Selina Taylor ◽

Daniel Lindsay ◽

Beverley Glass

Keyword(s):

Scope Of Practice ◽

Rural And Remote ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Practice Knowledge ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

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Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Male Transgenders in Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Lahore, Pakistan

Pakistan BioMedical Journal ◽

10.54393/pbmj.v4i1.84 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Akash John ◽

Muhammad Saleem Rana ◽

Asif Hanif ◽

Tallat Anwar Faridi ◽

Sofia Noor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Progressive Failure ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Control Programme ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

The Mean ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a subgroup of retrovirus causing HIV infection which if prolongs turns into a progressive failure of the immune system called as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It is commonly prevalent in Male Transgenders who are born male and disobeys the cultural defined social norms and identify themselves as a female. The objective was to assess knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Transgender Community regarding Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Lahore, Pakistan. A Descriptive Cross-sectional Survey was conducted in Nine Towns of Lahore. A sample size of 79 was calculated and data was collected in duration of 9 months. A self-administered survey-based questionnaire was developed using WHO and National AIDS control Programme guidelines followed and pilot tested. Data was collected after Informed consent.The mean age of Respondents was 29.56 ± 8.27 years with minimum and maximum age as 19 and 50. In this study the mean knowledge score of the transgender about HIV Transmission was 2.804±0.32, the mean score of attitudes of transgender were 3.25±0.19 and the mean practice score was 2.931±0.28.Majority of the transgender have insufficient knowledge, and bad attitude towards their health. They have unsafe sexual practice and Drug Interventions playing a significant role in HIV epidemic. Majority of them are uneducated, unemployed and found sex selling and dancing an easiest way of earning. Their knowledge about HIV screening, transmission, and antiretroviral therapy is low.

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Acute pain assessment and management in the prehospital setting, in the Western Cape, South Africa: A Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Survey

10.21203/rs.2.12353/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Andrit Lourens ◽

Peter Hodkinson ◽

Romy Parker

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Emergency Care ◽

Pain Assessment ◽

Prehospital Setting ◽

Western Cape ◽

Care Providers ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

The Mean ◽

Pain Care ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background: Acute pain is frequently encountered in the prehospital setting, and therefore, a fundamental aspect of quality emergency care. Research has shown a positive association between health care providers’ knowledge of, and attitudes towards pain and pain management practices. This study aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of emergency care providers regarding acute pain assessment and management in the prehospital setting, in the Western Cape, South Africa. The specific objectives were to, identify gaps in pain knowledge; assess attitudes regarding pain assessment and management; describe pain assessment and management behaviours and practices; and identify barriers to and enablers of pain care. Methods: A web-based descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among emergency care providers of all qualifications, using a face-validated Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Pain survey. Results: Responses of 100 participants was included in the analysis. The survey response rate could not be calculated. The mean age of respondents was 34.74 (SD8.13) years and the mean years’ experience 10.02 (SD6.47). Most respondents were male (69%), employed in the public/government sector (93%) as operational practitioners (85%) with 54% of respondents having attended medical education on pain care in the last two years. The mean percentage for knowledge and attitudes regarding pain among emergency care providers was 58.01% (SD15.66) with gaps identified in various aspects of pain and pain care. Practitioners with higher qualifications, more years’ experience and those who did not attend medical education on pain, achieved higher scores. Alcohol and drug use by patients were the most selected barrier to pain care while the availability of higher qualified practitioners was the most selected enabler. When asked to record pain scores, practitioners were less inclined to assign scores which were self-reported by the patients in the case scenarios. The participant dropout rate was 35%. Conclusion: Our results suggest that there is suboptimal knowledge and attitudes regarding pain among emergency care providers in the Western Cape, South Africa. Further, gaps in pain knowledge, attitudes and practices were identified. Some barriers and enablers of pain care in the South African prehospital setting were identified but further research is indicated.

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Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Risk Factors of Malaria Among Caregivers of Under-Five Children in the Buea Health District, South West Region, Cameroon

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health ◽

10.9734/ijtdh/2021/v42i2030546 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 36-50

Author(s):

Hermann Ngouakam ◽

Mark Agbor Akongem ◽

Timatang Tufoin Cagetan ◽

Ariane Laure Wounang Ngueugang ◽

Bonaventure Tientche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Malaria Risk ◽

Health District ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Under Five ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

The Mean ◽

Knowledge And Attitude

Aims: The study measured the level of knowledge and attitudes towards malaria and examined associated factors among caregivers of under-five children. Study Design: The study was community-based, descriptive cross-sectional. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Buea Health District (BHD) from February to June 2020. Methodology: Data were obtained through face-to-face interviews with the caregivers of under-fives. The above mean scores were used to determine the level of knowledge. The attitude levels were measured by using 3-point Likert scales. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with knowledge and attitude. SPSS software version 20.0 was used for analysis. Results: Out of the 390 respondents, 69.5% of them had a neutral attitude. Meanwhile, 27.7 % of participants carried a favorable attitude towards malaria and only 2.8 % of them had an unfavorable attitude, Caregivers of under-five children who scored below the mean score were 25.1 % which was considered having poor knowledge and above the mean score was 74.9% which was considered good knowledge. In the multivariable logistic analysis, caregivers with a primary school level of education were 4.1 times (AOR = 4.1, CI = 1.486-11.102) times more likely of receiving a high malaria knowledge score as compared to those with no formal education. Factors associated with caregiver's attitude level towards malaria risk were educational level and marital status which showed significant associations in the univariate analysis Conclusion: Caregivers of under-fives displayed a good knowledge of malaria risk factors. However, in these endemic areas for malaria, caregiver attitude was found to be unenthusiastic and unresponsive, and this poses additional challenges in reaching the malaria elimination goal. Thus, suggesting that educational messages during the campaign should be contextual to reach out to local communities to trigger a positive behavioural change.

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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among the General Population During COVID-19 Outbreak in Iran: A National Cross-Sectional Online Survey

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2020.585302 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Edris Kakemam ◽

Djavad Ghoddoosi-Nejad ◽

Zahra Chegini ◽

Khalil Momeni ◽

Hamid Salehiniya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Information Sources ◽

Sample Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

High Level ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽

Staying At Home

Background: Emerged in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the largest pandemics ever. During the early phase, little was known about public knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) relating to coronavirus disease. This study was designed to determine KAP of Iranians toward COVID-19.Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was carried out in Iran from February 25 to April 25 using a self-administered questionnaire on 1,480 people. COVID-19-related KAP questions were adapted from other internationally validated questionnaires specific for infectious diseases.Results: All participants were aware of COVID-19. When asked unprompted, 80% of respondents could correctly cite fever, difficulty in breathing, and cough as signs/symptoms of COVID-19. Most of our sample population knew that staying at home and isolated (95.3%) as well as constant handwashing and using disinfectants (92.5%) could prevent COVID-19. However, there were also widespread misconceptions such as the belief that COVID-19 can be transmitted by wild animals (58%) and by air (48.3%). Unprompted, self-reported actions taken to avoid COVID-19 infection included handwashing with soap and water (95.4%), avoiding crowded places (93%), cleansing hands with other disinfectants (80.), and covering mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing (76.1%). The Internet and social media (94.5%) were the main coronavirus information sources. However, the most trusted information sources on coronavirus were health and medical professionals (79.3%). The majority of participants (77.0%) wanted more information about coronavirus to be available.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that people's knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 at the time of its outbreak was at a high level.

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Antibiotic use in pregnancy: knowledge, attitudes and practices among pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy ◽

10.1093/jac/dkz427 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Andre N H Bulabula ◽

Angela Dramowski ◽

Shaheen Mehtar

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Household Income ◽

Cape Town ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Self Medication ◽

Monthly Household Income ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

The Mean ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Objectives To establish the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding antibiotic use and self-medication among pregnant women. Methods We conducted a KAP survey of 301 pregnant women hospitalized at a tertiary hospital obstetric service in Cape Town, South Africa in November and December 2017, using an interviewer-administered 12 item questionnaire. We stratified analysis of attitudes and practices by participants’ mean knowledge score (K-score) group (<6 versus ≥6 out of 7 questions). Multivariate models were built to identify independent predictors of antibiotic self-medication and K-score. Results The mean age of pregnant women was 29 (SD 6.1) years, 44/247 (17.8%) were nulliparous, 69/247 (27.9%) were HIV-infected, 228/247 (92.3%) had completed secondary school and 78/247 (31.6%) reported a monthly household income in the lowest category of ≤50–100 US dollars (USD). The mean K-score was 6.1 (SD 1.02) out of 7 questions. Sixteen percent of the cohort reported antibiotic self-medication, with higher rates among pregnant women with K-score <6 [18/48 (37.5%) versus 32/253 (12.6%); P < 0.001]. The monthly household income category of >500 USD (the highest category) was the only predictor of antibiotic self-medication behaviour [adjusted OR = 6.4 (95% CI 1.2–35.2), P = 0.03]. Conclusions Higher antibiotic knowledge scores are associated with lower rates of antibiotic self-medication, whereas higher household income is correlated with increasing self-medication behaviours. Education of pregnant women regarding the potential dangers of antibiotic self-medication and stricter enforcement of existing South African antibiotic prescribing and dispensing regulations are needed.

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Dietary behaviour of Tehranian adolescents does not accord with their nutritional knowledge

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980007246701 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 897-901 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Parvin Mirmiran ◽

Leila Azadbakht ◽

Fereidoun Azizi

Keyword(s):

High Schools ◽

Nutritional Intervention ◽

Dietary Behaviour ◽

Nutritional Knowledge ◽

Whole Grain ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Break Time ◽

The Mean ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽

Overweight Or Obesity

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the nutritional behaviour of Tehranian adolescents.Subjects and methodsThis study was undertaken on 7669 adolescents (4070 boys and 3599 girls) of 22 junior high schools and high schools as a representative sample of Tehranian adolescents. A validated knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) questionnaire and a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were used. Factor analysis was used to determine the key questions.ResultsThe mean ( ± standard deviation) age and body mass index of the adolescents was 14 ± 1 years and 27.2 ± 11 kg m− 2. Although 82% of girls and 75% of boys had good nutritional knowledge, only 25% of boys and 15% of girls had good nutritional practice. Eighty-five per cent of adolescents knew that drinking too many soft beverages resulted in overweight or obesity, but only 4.5% of them did not drink soft beverages. Although 89% of adolescents knew that crisps and corn balls are not healthy snacks, 45% of them used such snacks during their break time. Thirty-seven per cent of adolescents preferred whole-grain biscuits to creamy wafer ones but only 10% of adolescents used whole-grain biscuits as a snack. The most frequently consumed snacks among Tehranian adolescents were sausage sandwiches, cocoa cola, crisps and corn balls, creamy wafers, cakes, chocolate and toffee.ConclusionA low percentage of Tehranian adolescents have good nutritional behaviour and in most of them their nutritional practice does not accord with their nutritional knowledge. These results indicate the necessity of nutritional intervention in Tehranian adolescents.

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An integrated approach to assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) regarding major Neglected Tropical Diseases endemic in the Mbengwi health district (North West Region, Cameroon)

10.1101/658849 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Laurentine Sumo ◽

Cédric G Lenou-Nanga ◽

Ngum H Ntonifor ◽

Nicanor Chenkumo-Kengmoni ◽

Vanessa T Amana-Bokagne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

Health District ◽

Tropical Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

North West ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

West Region ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽

Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis ◽

Main Strategy

AbstractBackgroundPreventive chemotherapy (PCT) is the main strategy currently used to control and/or eliminate onchocerciasis (Oncho), lymphatic filariasis (LF) and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH), and community participation (through implementation of MDA or adherence to PCT) is critical to achieve this goal. However, these Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are still persisting in most endemic areas as a consequence of sub-optimal treatment coverage, the presence of systematic non-compliers in communities … This study aimed at investigating whether the knowledge, attitudes and practices of populations about these NTDs can explain the poor trends towards elimination.MethodologyA cross-sectional survey was carried out in the Mbengwi Health District (North West Region, Cameroon) using the cluster sampling technique. Clusters were selected using the Probability Proportionate to Estimate Size strategy. In each cluster, the random walk technique was used for the selection of households, and a structure questionnaire was administered to 2-3 of its members.Principal FindingsA total of 254 households from 26 clusters were visited, and 514 individuals were interviewed. The sex ratio of interviewees (1.08) was unbiased, and their ages ranged between 10 and 99 years old. Though most of the respondents declared having already heard of these NTDs (41.2%, 73.7% and 89.9% for Oncho, LF and STH respectively), only a minority of them were aware of correct response of how they are acquired/transmitted (3.7%, 6.8% and 12.5% for Oncho, LF and STH respectively), and prevented (23.1%, 18.9% and 47.2% for Oncho, LF and STH respectively). Even when respondents were aware that medicines were useful to prevent and/or treat these NTDs, almost none of them knew the drug used or the treatment frequency.Conclusion/SignificanceThis study reveals that interviewees exhibit poor knowledge, attitudes and practices as regards to these NTDs, although they are endemic in the study area and PCTs given yearly since a while. These misconceptions can seriously affect the adherence and contribution of populations to the success of PCTs, and it appears compulsory to improve individual knowledge, with a focus on the importance and rationale behind MDA, to optimize their attitudes and practices, especially community participation to PCTs.Author summaryThe control and/or elimination of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are currently on top of the agenda of endemic countries’ control programs and stakeholders. Ivermectin- and Albendazole/Mebendazole-based mass distribution is currently the main strategy to control/interrupt transmission of onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis, and adherence of communities is compulsory for the success of this approach. Despite the success registered in the fight against these diseases, the trend towards elimination remains unsatisfactory in many endemic areas. This study was carried out to assess whether the perceptions, attitudes, and practices of the Mbengwi health district (North West Region, Cameroon) populations regarding these three parasitic diseases can explain the poor trend towards elimination. A cross-sectional study revealed important misconceptions about these NTDs amongst most of the respondents, which can clearly affect their adherence and contribution to the success of preventive chemotherapies, and seriously slower the momentum towards elimination.

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