Prevalence of Eclampsia and its Maternal-fetal outcomes at Ghandi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2019. Retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addisu Yeshambel ◽  
Walellign Anmut
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Memorial Hospital ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background: Eclamptic disorder of pregnancy is one of the common problems in sub-Saharan countries and forms one of the deadly triads along with hemorrhage and infection which complicates maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy. To assess the prevalence of eclampsia and its maternal and fetal outcome in Ghandi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2019.Methods: A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study was used on randomly selected 185 women who attended delivery at Ghandi memorial Hospital from 1st of September 2017 to –last of August 2018. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 software. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate frequencies and percentages and data was presented using texts and, tables. Results: Out of the 2,973 deliveries, the prevalence of eclampsia was found to be 16.1%. About 89.7% had reported a history of prior pregnancy-induced hypertension and 73.5% induced their current pregnancy following eclampsia. From mothers required interventions to terminate the pregnancy by induction, 47.8% ended by cesarean section secondary to non-reassuring fetal status (29.2%). The majority (91.9%) had taken magnesium sulfate for the management of convulsion and 86.5% had taken hydralazine for hypertension management. Abruption of the placenta (96.2%), postpartum-hemorrhage (89.2%), and HEELP syndrome (83.8 %) were major maternal adverse outcomes reported, and 33% of pregnancy was ended as stillbirth followed by low birth weight (28.6%). Over 53.6% of delivered babies had an APGAR score of less 4 and 30.4% of neonates required admission to nursery/NICU referral. Conclusion: The prevalence of eclampsia was high, with corresponding high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Increasing early detection before pregnancy, antenatal screening, and use of magnesium sulfate to control convulsions will reduce the disorder and associated morbidity and mortality for both mother and fetus.

scholarly journals An Increased Adverse Fetal Outcome Has Been Observed among Teen Pregnant Women in Rural Eastern Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2199915
Author(s):  
Haymanot Mezmur ◽  
Nega Assefa ◽  
Tadesse Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Adverse Fetal Outcome

Background: According to the World Health Organization, teenage pregnancies are high-risk due to increased risks of fetal and infant morbidity and mortality. This study compares adverse fetal outcomes between teen and adult pregnant women from rural Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among women visiting maternity units from surrounding rural areas. A total of 481 teenagers (13-19 years old) and 481 adults (20-34 years old) women with a singleton pregnancy were included in the study. Two hospitals and 3 health centers were selected in Eastern Hararghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia. Comparative analysis was carried out using the log-binomial regression model to identify factors associated with adverse fetal outcomes in both categories. The results are reported in adjusted prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results: High proportion of adverse fetal outcome was observed among teenage women than adult (34.9% vs 21%). Statistically significant difference ( P < .05) in the proportion of low birth weight (21.1% vs 9.3%), preterm birth (18.7% vs 10.6%), APGAR score at 5th minute (9.3% vs 4%) were found in teenagers compared to adult women. Antenatal care attendance (APR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.86); eclampsia (APR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.26, 3.06); pre-eclampsia (APR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.67); and wealth index (rich) (APR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.94) were significantly associated with adverse fetal outcomes among the teenage women. Whereas intimate partner violence (APR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.26, 3.90); preeclampsia (APR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.61, 5.69); antepartum hemorrhage (APR = 2.77; 95% CI: 1.73, 4.46); and hyperemesis gravderm (APR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.79) were significantly associated with adverse fatal outcomes among the adult women. Conclusion: teenage pregnancy is associated with a high rate of adverse fetal outcomes. Early identification and treatment of problems during antenatal follow-up should be the mainstay to avert the massive adverse fetal effects.

scholarly journals Risk Factors that Affect Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Perforated Peptic Ulcer Diseases in a Teaching Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebyou Seyoum ◽  
Daba Ethicha ◽  
Zelalem Assefa ◽  
Berhanu Nega
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Perforated Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio

Background: This study was done to identify risk factors that affect the morbidity and mortality of patients operated for a perforated peptic ulcer in a resource-limited setting.Methods: A two years (January 1, 2016 - December 30, 2018) retrospective cross- sectional study was done on patients admitted and operated for PPU at Yekatit 12 Hospital, Addis Ababa,Ethiopia.Results: A total of 93 patients were operated. The median age affected was 29 years (Range 15-75 years). Male to female ratio was 7.5:1. Chewing chat, smoking and alcohol use were seen in 22 (23.6%), 35(37.6%), and 34(36.5%), cases respectively. Only 23.6% gave previous history of dyspepsia. The median duration of illness was 48hours and the duodenal to gastric ulcer perforation ratio was 6.5:1. In majority of the cases (63.3%) the perforation diameter was <10mm (63.3%). Cellan-Jones repair of the perforations was done in 92.5% of cases. A total of 47 complications were seen in 25 cases. The total complications and mortality rates were 25(26.8%) and 6(6.5%) respectively. The most common postoperative complication was pneumonia (13.97%) followed by superficial surgical site infection (10.8%). Mortality rate was highest among patients >50yrs [AOR (95%CI) =2.4(2-30)]. Delayed presentation of >24 hours [AOR (95%CI) =4.3(1.4-13.5)] and a SBP <90mmhg [AOR (95%CI) =4.8(1-24)] were found to be significantly related with higher complication rate.Conclusions: Patients who presented early and immediate corrective measures were instituted had better outcomes while those seen late developed unfavorable out-come with significantly higher complications. Therefore, early detection and treatment of PPU is essential.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Function Tests in Hypertensive Patients Attending Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekuriaw Mesfin Birhan ◽  
Yekoye Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Memorial Hospital ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

Background. Hypertension imposes stresses on many organs like heart and kidney. However, studies that show the effect of hypertension on the lungs are limited. Objective. To assess pulmonary function status of hypertensive patients aged 30-64 years at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, 2017. Methods. Hospital based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 61 hypertensive patients (cases) and 61 nonhypertensive clients (controls) aged 30-64 years. Computerized spirometry was done in all cases and controls which were selected by systematic sampling technique. The study was conducted from January 20, 2017, to May 25, 2017. Result. The values of FVC, FEV1, and FEF25-75% were 3.52±1.02 liters, 2.97±0.89 liters, and 3.34±1.3 liters/second in hypertensive patients and 4.31±0.82 liters, 3.54±0.7 liters, and 3.94±1.09 liters/second in controls, respectively. These values were significantly lower (p<0.05) in hypertensive patients compared to controls. Restrictive pulmonary defect was dominant in hypertensive patients. FEV1% which was 85%±7% in hypertensive patients and 82%±5% in controls was significantly higher (p<0.05) in hypertensive patients compared to controls. Conclusion. Hypertensive patients exhibit lower pulmonary function values. Routine check-up of the pulmonary function status of such patients should be done to prevent undesired outcomes.

scholarly journals Adult HIV/AIDS Patients’ Level of Satisfaction on Pharmaceutical Service: Institutional Prospective Cross Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adey Girmay ◽  
Zelalem Tilahun ◽  
Muluemebet Zinabu Akele ◽  
solomon Assefa Huluka
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Memorial Hospital ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pharmaceutical Service ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Objective : Patients are essential sources of information to assess the accessibility and effectiveness of pharmaceutical care. Patients’ perception and satisfaction on the care they received has direct influence on treatment adherence. This study was thus aimed to assess HIV/AIDS patients’ level of satisfaction on the pharmaceutical services provided in Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from April 16, 2018 to May 16, 2018 in Zewditu Memorial Hospital. Result: Among the total 285 participants enrolled in the study, 172(60.4%) of them were females and the mean age of the participants was 42.5±9.8. The participants of this study received ART service for a mean duration of 7.3±3.5 years. In this study, 26.7%, 13.7%, 38.6%, 13% and 8.1% of the study participants rated the overall satisfaction to the ART pharmaceutical service as excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor, respectively. Participants who were provided information about drug-drug and drug-food interaction were 2.72 times more likely to be satisfied than those who weren’t provided (AOR=2.72, 95%CI : 1.13-6.54).

scholarly journals Adult HIV/AIDS Patients’ Level of Satisfaction on Pharmaceutical Service: Institutional Prospective Cross Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adey Girmay ◽  
Zelalem Tilahun ◽  
Muluemebet Zinabu Akele ◽  
Solomon Assefa Huluka
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Memorial Hospital ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pharmaceutical Service ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Objective : Patients are essential sources of information to assess the accessibility and effectiveness of pharmaceutical care. Patients’ perception and satisfaction on the care they received has direct influence on treatment adherence. This study was thus aimed to assess HIV/AIDS patients’ level of satisfaction on the pharmaceutical services provided in Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from April 16, 2018 to May 16, 2018 in Zewditu Memorial Hospital. Result: Among the total 285 participants enrolled in the study, 172(60.4%) of them were females and the mean age of the participants was 42.5±9.8. The participants of this study received ART service for a mean duration of 7.3±3.5 years. In this study, 26.7%, 13.7%, 38.6%, 13% and 8.1% of the study participants rated the overall satisfaction to the ART pharmaceutical service as excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor, respectively. Participants who were provided information about drug-drug and drug-food interaction were 2.72 times more likely to be satisfied than those who weren’t provided (AOR=2.72, 95%CI : 1.13-6.54).

scholarly journals Comparison of fetal outcome in spontaneous versus induced labor in postdated pregnancy: a study in a tertiary care centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4081
Author(s):  
Nikhil Anand ◽  
Hardik Shah
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Spontaneous Onset

Background: Pregnancy lasting beyond 40 weeks is a known complication of normal delivery. Various studies have found incidence between 2-14%. Post-dated pregnancy carries specific hazards to both mother and fetus. While mothers are faced with problems like increased incidences of induced labour, instrumental delivery and LSCS with associated morbidities, fetuses are faced with morbidities ranging from IUGR to macrosomia. Authors tried to study fetal outcome in post-dated pregnancy present study. The objective is to compare fetal outcome in spontaneous versus induced labour in post-dated pregnancy.Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study done at a tertiary care hospital in obstetrics and gynecology in duration of 18 months. After screening according to inclusion criteria, all patients who were admitted in labour wards are selected and two groups were created according to clinical examination. First group consists of patients with spontaneous onset of labour and second group consists of patients with induction of labour. In each group USG, NST and BPP were performed, and labor monitored according to standard partograph. Fetal outcomes in both groups were studied.Results: Fetal outcomes were nearly same in both groups, induced and spontaneous onset of labour, except a few like thick meconium which was common in spontaneous onset group while rate of LSCS was more in induced group.Conclusions: Women with uncomplicated pregnancies should be offered induction of labour, while women with any complicating factors LSCS should be considered.

Relative risk of cardiovascular disease is higher in women with type 2 diabetes, but not in those with prediabetes, as compared with men

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Succurro ◽  
Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino ◽  
Sofia Miceli ◽  
Maria Perticone ◽  
Angela Sciacqua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Glucose

<b>Objective</b>: Most, but not all studies suggested that women with type 2 diabetes have higher relative risk (RR) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than men. More uncertainty exists on whether the RR for CVD is higher in prediabetic women compared to men. <p><b>Research Design and Methods</b>: In a cross-sectional study, in 3540 normal glucose tolerant (NGT), prediabetic, and diabetic adults, we compared the RR for prevalent non-fatal CVD between men and women. In a longitudinal study including 1658 NGT, prediabetic, and diabetic adults, we compared the RR for incident major adverse outcomes, including all-cause death, coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease events after 5.6 years follow-up. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> Women with prediabetes and diabetes exhibited greater relative differences in BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, hsCRP, and white blood cell count than men with prediabetes and diabetes when compared with their NGT counterparts. We found a higher RR for prevalent CVD in diabetic women (RR 9.29; 95% CI 4.73-18.25; <i>P</i><0.0001) than in men (RR 4.56; 95% CI 3.07-6.77; <i>P</i><0.0001), but no difference in RR for CVD was observed comparing prediabetic women and men. In the longitudinal study, we found that diabetic, but not prediabetic women have higher RR (RR 5.25; 95% CI 3.22-8.56; <i>P</i><0.0001) of incident major adverse outcomes than their male counterparts (RR 2.72; 95% CI 1.81-4.08; <i>P</i><0.0001).</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> This study suggests that diabetic, but not prediabetic, women have higher RR for prevalent and incident major adverse outcomes than men. </p>

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