scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Breastfeeding Program for Mothers Returning to Work in Japan: a quasi-experiment study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Nakada
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Continuation Rate ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Returning To Work ◽  
Program Intervention ◽  
Continuation Rates

Abstract Background: Maternal employment has been described as a barrier to breastfeeding in many countries. In Japan, many mothers quit breastfeeding after returning to work because they do not know how to continue breastfeeding. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a breastfeeding support program for mothers. The secondary objective was to explore the effectiveness of a pamphlet for mothers returning to work. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental design study with a program group (n=48), pamphlet group (n=46) and comparison group (n=47) that took place from February 2017 to August 2018. Participants in the program and pamphlet groups were women who planned to return to work within 4–12 months after giving birth, while the comparison group included women who had been back at work for at least 3 months. The program involved a 90-min breastfeeding class, a pamphlet, a newsletter, and email consultation. The pamphlet group was sent only the pamphlet, while the control group received no intervention. The outcome was breastfeeding continuation rate at 3 months after returning to work. Results: The breastfeeding continuation rate 3 months after returning to work was significantly higher in the program group than in the comparison group (79.2% vs. 51.1%, p=0.004). After adjusting for background factors, the program intervention had an effect on breastfeeding rates (adjusted odds ratio=4.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.57, 13.96; p=0.006). However, comparison of the pamphlet and comparison groups revealed no significant differences in breastfeeding continuation rates at 3 months after returning to work (69.6% vs. 51.1%, p=0.07). Conclusions: Program intervention resulted in a significant increase in breastfeeding continuation rates 3 months after returning to work. Randomized controlled trials are needed to make this program applicable in practice. Pamphlet intervention resulted in no significant difference. Further study is necessary after examining the contents of the pamphlet.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a breastfeeding program for mothers returning to work in Japan: a quasi-experimental study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Nakada
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Continuation Rate ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Returning To Work ◽  
Program Intervention ◽  
Continuation Rates

Abstract Background Maternal employment has been described as a barrier to breastfeeding in many countries. In Japan, many mothers quit breastfeeding after returning to work because they do not know how to continue breastfeeding. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a breastfeeding support program for mothers. The secondary objective was to explore the effectiveness of a pamphlet for mothers returning to work. Methods This was a quasi-experimental design study with a program group (n = 48), pamphlet group (n = 46) and comparison group (n = 47) that took place from February 2017 to August 2018. Participants in the program and pamphlet groups were women who planned to return to work within 4–12 months after giving birth, while the comparison group included women who had been back at work for at least 3 months. The program involved a 90-min breastfeeding class, a pamphlet, a newsletter, and email consultation. The pamphlet group was sent only the pamphlet, while the comparison group received no intervention. The outcome was breastfeeding continuation rate at 3 months after returning to work. Results The breastfeeding continuation rate 3 months after returning to work was significantly higher in the program group than in the comparison group (79.2% vs. 51.1%, p = 0.004). After adjusting for background factors, the program intervention had an effect on breastfeeding rates (adjusted odds ratio = 4.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.57, 13.96; p = 0.006). However, comparing the pamphlet and comparison groups revealed no significant differences in breastfeeding continuation rates at 3 months after returning to work (69.6% vs. 51.1%, p = 0.07). Conclusions Program intervention was associated with a significant increase in breastfeeding continuation rates 3 months after returning to work. Randomized controlled trials are needed to make this program applicable in practice. Pamphlet intervention resulted in no significant difference. Further study is necessary after examining the contents of the pamphlet.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Breastfeeding Program for Mothers Returning to Work in Japan: a quasi-experiment study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Nakada
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Continuation Rate ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Returning To Work ◽  
Program Intervention ◽  
And Control ◽  
Continuation Rates

Abstract Background: Maternal employment has been described as a barrier to breastfeeding in many countries. In Japan, many mothers quit breastfeeding after returning to work because they do not know how to continue breastfeeding. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a breastfeeding support program for mothers in Japan by comparing the breastfeeding continuation rate with a control group at 3 months after returning to work. The second objective was to explore the effectiveness of a pamphlet containing information to help mothers returning to work continue breastfeeding by comparing breastfeeding continuation rates in women given the pamphlet and a control group.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental design study with a program group (n=48), pamphlet group (n=46) and control group (n=47) that took place from February 2017 to August 2018. Participants in the program and pamphlet groups were women who planned to return to work within 4–12 months after giving birth, while the control group included women who had been back at work for at least 3 months. The program involved a 90-min breastfeeding class, a pamphlet, a newsletter, and email consultation. The pamphlet group was sent only the pamphlet, while the control group received no intervention. The outcome was breastfeeding continuation rate at 3 months after returning to work.Results: The breastfeeding continuation rate 3 months after returning to work was significantly higher in the program group than in the control group (79.2% vs. 51.1%, p=0.004). After adjusting for background factors, the program intervention had an effect on breastfeeding rates (adjusted odds ratio=4.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.57–13.96; p=0.006). However, comparison of the pamphlet and control groups revealed no significant differences in breastfeeding continuation rates at 3 months after returning to work (69.6% vs. 51.1%, p=0.07).Conclusions: Program intervention resulted in a significant increase in breastfeeding continuation rates 3 months after returning to work. Randomized controlled trials are needed to make this program applicable in practice. Pamphlet intervention resulted in no significant difference, but the proportion of breastfeeding continuation was high; therefore, further study is necessary after examining the contents of the pamphlet.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Breastfeeding Program for Mothers Returning to Work in Japan: a quasi-experiment study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Nakada
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Continuation Rate ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Returning To Work ◽  
Program Intervention ◽  
Continuation Rates

Abstract Background: Maternal employment has been described as a barrier to breastfeeding in many countries. In Japan, many mothers quit breastfeeding after returning to work because they do not know how to continue breastfeeding. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a breastfeeding support program for mothers. The secondary objective was to explore the effectiveness of a pamphlet for mothers returning to work.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental design study with a program group (n=48), pamphlet group (n=46) and comparison group (n=47) that took place from February 2017 to August 2018. Participants in the program and pamphlet groups were women who planned to return to work within 4–12 months after giving birth, while the comparison group included women who had been back at work for at least 3 months. The program involved a 90-min breastfeeding class, a pamphlet, a newsletter, and email consultation. The pamphlet group was sent only the pamphlet, while the comparison group received no intervention. The outcome was breastfeeding continuation rate at 3 months after returning to work.Results: The breastfeeding continuation rate 3 months after returning to work was significantly higher in the program group than in the comparison group (79.2% vs. 51.1%, p=0.004). After adjusting for background factors, the program intervention had an effect on breastfeeding rates (adjusted odds ratio=4.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.57, 13.96; p=0.006). However, comparing the pamphlet and comparison groups revealed no significant differences in breastfeeding continuation rates at 3 months after returning to work (69.6% vs. 51.1%, p=0.07).Conclusions: Program intervention was associated with a significant increase in breastfeeding continuation rates 3 months after returning to work. Randomized controlled trials are needed to make this program applicable in practice. Pamphlet intervention resulted in no significant difference. Further study is necessary after examining the contents of the pamphlet.

Breastfeeding Training through Role-Play and Effects on Mother-infant Attachment Behaviours: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farokh Saljughi ◽  
Mitra Savabi-Esfahani ◽  
Shahnaz Kohan ◽  
Soheila Ehsanpour
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Mother-infant attachment is an intimate, lasting and satisfying relationship that leads to better cognitive, emotional and social growth of the infant. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of breastfeeding training by role-play on mother-infant attachment behaviours. This research was a randomised clinical trial (parallel design). Inclusion criteria were: no history of mental disorders; ability to read and write the Persian language to complete the questionnaire; no history of drug and tobacco intake in primigravida women. The sample comprised 100 pregnant women (in 2 groups), selected through simple random sampling at healthcare centres. The researcher reviewed prenatal care registries of selected healthcare centres and extracted the names of pregnant women in their early third trimester. The data were imported into randomisation software. The control group received routine breastfeeding training, while the intervention group received routine training together with training through role-play. The data collection tool was the Maternal Behaviour Inventory Questionnaire. Consequently 75 samples were analysed in SPSS16. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to examine the difference between the two groups. Results showed that the mean score of mother-infant attachment one week after delivery was significantly higher in the intervention group in comparison to that in the control group (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in maternal age, age of marriage, neonatal gender, maternal employment and education, number of parity, and number of abortions (P>0.05). Since breastfeeding training through role-play could affect mother-infant attachment, it is suggested that this type of training should be provided for pregnant women to promote mother-infant attachment and exclusive breastfeeding.

scholarly journals THE THE TERATOGENIC EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BINTANGUR LEAVES (CALOPHYLLUM SOULATTRI BURM. F) ON FEMALE WHITE RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-163
Author(s):  
INARAH FAJRIATY ◽  
HAFRIZAL RIZA ◽  
FAJAR NUGRAHA ◽  
FRENGKI FRIANTO
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Teratogenic Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Skeletal Formation

Objectives: Drugs can cause undesired effects on the fetus during pregnancy, especially embryonic/organogenesis which could lead to defects in the fetus because some types of drugs can penetrate the placenta and will undergo biotransformation into a highly reactive compound that has the potential to become a teratogenic compound. The aim of this research was to examine the teratogenic effect of bintangur leaves (Calophyllum soulattri Burm. F) ethanol extract to Sprague Dawley strain white rats. Methods: The white rats are divided into four treatment groups: Control group was given carboxymethyl cellulose Na 1%, comparison group was given trimethoprim 360 mg/kg BW, C. soulattri leaves ethanol extract (CLE) 100 mg/kg BW, and CLE 500 mg/kg BW. The treatment was administrated since organogenesis period. Cesarian section was performed to pregnant rat at the 20th day to separate the fetuses. Observation covered body weight of pregnant rats, fetal biometric, morphological malformation, and skeletal formation. Results: CLE 100 mg/kg BW and 500 mg/kg BW did not cause any change in the number of a living fetus, body weight, and length of fetuses like the comparison group. Both doses of CLE shown have a normal skeletal formation. Resorption was found in the comparison group and CLE 100 mg/kg BW with the percentage was 65.21% and 6.67%. It was found that there is no significant difference (p<0.05) between both doses of CLE compared to control group. Conclusion: From the results, it is concluded that CLE did not have the teratogenic effect.

scholarly journals The influence of plastic techniques in surgery of primary skin melanoma on patient survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
S. A. Yargunin ◽  
Y. N. Shoyhet ◽  
A. F. Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skin Melanoma ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Defect Repair

Objective. To analyze the feasibility of performing plastic surgery in patients with primary skin melanoma (SM). Material and methods. We studied patients with primary MK treated in our institution in 2013 (n = 333), who were randomized to a group of 2 blind selection methods to the main one (n = 168), in which the tumor removal operation in patients ended with a tissue defect repair and a comparison group ( n = 165) (after removal of the tumor, simple linear suturing of the wound was performed). A statistically significant difference was found in the comparison groups in the occurrence of negative dynamics (ND), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with MK 0-IIA st during the follow-up period up to 36 months. Results. It was found that patients with 0-IIA st who underwent plastic surgery to close the defect when removing primary SM have a statistically proven advantage in ND, PFS, and OS compared with patients without plastic surgery for up to 36 months. In general, the use of plastics has a statistical tendency towards the dynamics of an increase in PFS and OS in the early stages of SM. Discussion. In the early stages (0-IIA) up to 36 months, cases of negative dynamics (4.2%) were observed 2.3 times less frequently than in the comparison group (9.7%) (p = 0.048), and fatal outcomes in the main group (1.8%) were observed 3.7 times less than in the comparison group (6.7%) (p = 0.028). The analysis also shows that in patients who underwent surgery using plastic surgery statistically significantly reduces the risk of distant metastasis by 3 times (p = 0.05), but significantly more often (in every third patient) (p = 0.022) than in the control group (without plastic surgery) met transient metastases. The appearance of ND, as well as an increase in PFS, OS depended on the plastic replacement of the defect after excision of the primary SM in patients with SM 0-IIA st during the observation period up to 36 months. Conclusion. The use of plastic methods for closing a wound defect reduces the risk of distant metastasis by 3 times compared with linear suturing, provides a reduction in mortality in patients with SM 0 IIA st for 60 months, prolongs the patients life by an average of 10 months and is the operation of choice in this category.

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS OF PREECLAMPSIA IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
R. R. Temirbulatov ◽  
V. F. Bezhenar ◽  
A. V. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

THE AIM: To assess the significance of prognostic markers of preeclampsia – sFlt-1 and PlGF in the differential diagnosis of preeclampsia and chronic kidney disease.PATIENTS AND METHODS:patients whom signed informed consent, was taken samples of blood in the third trimester of pregnancy. The study group included 36 patients with preeclampsia, the comparison group of 46 pregnant women with CKD and the control group included 40 healthy patients, with pregnancy without complication.RESULTS: Significant differences in the levels of serum sFlt-1 and PlGF were found: between the PE and the comparison group (CKD), as well as between the PE and the control group (CG), whereas no differences were found between the CG and CKD. The sFlt-1 level was significantly increased in PE compared with CKD and KG (5.12-fold and 4.25-fold higher, respectively). Serum PlGF levels were significantly reduced in PE relative to both CKD and KG (17.4 and 12.5 times lower, respectively). The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was significantly increased in PE compared with CKD and the control group (approximately 25 times higher in both groups), but there was no significant difference between CKD and CG.CONCLUSION:Thus, the definition of the relationship sFlt-1, PlGF, sFlt-1/PlGF can be used in the differential diagnosis of preeclampsia and chronic kidney disease.

scholarly journals Effects of Comfort Education on Maternal Comfort and Labor Pain

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
Abby E. Garlock ◽  
Janet B. Arthurs ◽  
Robert J. Bass
Keyword(s):  
Pain Control ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental

ABSTRACTThe effects of providing education regarding comfort options available in the hospital setting on level of maternal comfort and pain during labor were explored in a quasi-experimental pretest/posttest comparison group design (N = 80). No significant difference was found in maternal comfort or pain between the intervention group that received comfort education and the control group. Comfort education did result in change for plans to maintain comfort during labor (p = .000), an increased use of comfort measures during labor (p = .000), and an increased probability of continuation with original plans for pain control during labor. Providing education for maintaining comfort during labor can allow women to make informed choices during labor.

scholarly journals Morphometric peculiarities of the cervix uteri in immunodeficiency states

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
M.V. Lytvynenko ◽  
V.V. Gargin
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Chronic Alcoholism ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Significant Difference

Enhancing each other’s effects – HIV infection and the changes caused by alcohol abuse, trigger a chain of pathological reactions that sometimes lead to reversible and often irreversible pathological processes in the cervix uteri (CU). Local and general decrease in immunoresistance invariably leads to disturbance of physiological CU microbiome. Given all the above, the aim of our work was to identify pathological changes in CU that occur in HIV-infected women on the background of chronic alcoholism. Section material of 110 women of reproductive age from 20 to 40 years, which were divided into four groups, was studied. After the manufacture of micropreparations, a morphometric study was performed. Significant pathological changes in CU were revealed in HIV-infected women suffering from alcoholism. The maximum thickness of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium (734.23±61.33 x10-6m) was characteristic of a group of HIV-infected women suffering from chronic alcoholism. In HIV-infected women, this figure is 3.14% lower and is 711.21±59.28 x10-6m. In women suffering from alcoholism without concomitant HIV infection, this figure is 697.8±47.88 x10-6m, which is 5% less than in the group with combined pathology. As expected, the lowest value was in the comparison group, where it was 527.23±44.37 x10-6m. There was a significant difference between the comparison group of HIV-infected women with alcoholism and the control group, which is 28.2%. In the studied material of HIV-infected patients, a high degree of distribution of the severity of cervical dysplasia was determined – 9.1%. Moderate and low degree, respectively, 19.42 and 37.12% in this group of subjects. When studying the degree of infiltration of the lamina propria mucosa in the study groups, it was found that the largest number of cases of severe infiltration (44.5%) was found in the group suffering from chronic alcoholism, and in the HIV groups no such case was detected. On the basis of the conducted research it is possible to assume the combined influence of the factors promoting development of pathological processes both in an epithelium, and in a mucous membrane of CU. Thus, HIV infection and alcohol abuse can exacerbate each other’s pathological effects and lead to pronounced pathomorphological changes in CU, namely: thickening of the mucosal epithelium due to frequent development of various types of warts, mucosal dysplasia and even severe cellular infiltration of the mucous membrane.

scholarly journals A Grandmothers’ Tea: Evaluation of a Breastfeeding Support Intervention

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane S. Grassley ◽  
Becky S. Spencer ◽  
Becky Law
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Support Intervention ◽  
Written Information ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental

This study’s purpose was to evaluate an intervention to facilitate grandmothers’ knowledge and support of breastfeeding. A pilot study with a quasi-experimental two-group posttest design was used to evaluate whether the intervention made a difference in grandmothers’ knowledge, attitudes, and intent to recommend breastfeeding. The 26 grandmothers in the intervention group attended A Grandmothers’ Tea program; the 23 grandmothers in the control group received written information. The intervention group had greater posttest knowledge scores than the control group but had no significant differences in attitudes or intent. However, a significant difference was evident between the attitude scores of grandmothers who breastfed their infants and of grandmothers who did not breastfeed their infants regardless of receiving the intervention.

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