scholarly journals Achieving Macroscale Liquid Superlubricity Using Lubricant Mixtures of Glycerol and Diols

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
haitao yu ◽  
Haigang Pang ◽  
Gang Yuan ◽  
Dongfang Dong ◽  
Ying Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Serological Analysis ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Circulating Biomarkers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pepsinogen I ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Liquid Superlubricity

Abstract BackgroundWe aimed to assess a serological biopsy using five stomach-specific circulating biomarkers pepsinogen I (PGI), PGII, PGI/II ratio, anti- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) antibody, and gastrin-17 (G-17) for identifying high-risk individuals and predicting risk of developing gastric cancer (GC).ResultsIn the cross-sectional analysis, PGII, the PG ratio, G17, anti- H. pylori IgG were associated with the presence of CAG, and the five biomarkers combined prediction is more effective than single factor prediction (0.692 vs 0.54, 0.604, 0.616, 0.629).ConclusionThe combination of pepsinogens, G17 and anti-H. pylori antibodies for serological analysis is helpful to screen CAG high-risk individuals from the general population and recommend that these people should carry out further endoscopy and biopsy.

scholarly journals Prevalence of gastric cancer precursors in gastroscopy-screened adults by family history of gastric cancer and of cancers other than gastric

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Wu ◽  
Cheng Yang ◽  
Lin Ji ◽  
Zhi-Ning Fan ◽  
Yu-Wen Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cancer Precursors

Abstract Background People are at a high risk of gastric cancer if their first-degree relatives suffered from atrophic gastritis (AG), intestinal metaplasia (IM), intraepithelial neoplasia (IEN), dysplasia (DYS), or gastric cancer (GC). This study was performed to analyse the association between FDR-GC and GC precursors. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed to screen the prevalence of GC precursors from November 2016 to September 2019. A total of 1329 participants with FDR-GC, 193 participants with a family history of non-gastric cancer in FDRs (FDR-nGC), and 860 participants without a family history of cancer in FDRs (FDR-nC) were recruited in this study. The logistic regression model was used in this study. Results The prevalence of normal, Non-AG, AG/IM, IEN/DYS, and GC was 31.91, 44.21, 13.81, 8.73, and 1.34%, respectively. The prevalence of IEN/DYS was higher in people with FDR-GC and FDR-nGC (FDR-GC: odds ratio (OR) = 1.655; 95%CI, 1.153–2.376; FDR-nGC: OR = 1.984; 95%CI, 1.122–3.506) than those with FDR-nC. The younger the age at which FDRs were diagnosed with GC, the more likely the participants were to develop AG/IM (Ptrend = 0.019). The risk of precursors to GC was higher in participants whose FDR-GC was the mother than in those whose FDR-GC was the father or sibling (OR, non-AG: 1.312 vs. 1.007, 1.274; AG/IM: 1.430 vs. 1.296, 1.378; IEN/DYS: 1.988 vs. 1.573, 1.542). There was no statistically significant difference in non-AG (OR = 1.700; 95%CI, 0.940–3.074), AG/IM (OR = 1.291; 95%CI, 0.579–2.877), and IEN/DYS (OR = 1.265; 95%CI, 0.517–3.096) between participants with one or more FDR-GC. Conclusion People with FDR-GC and FDR-nGC are at a high risk of IEN/DYS. When an FDR was diagnosed at a younger age, the risk of AG/IM was higher. The risk of GC precursors was higher in people whose FDR-GC was the mother.

scholarly journals Are national antitobacco campaigns reaching high-risk adolescents? A cross-sectional analysis from PATH Wave 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
C V Weiger ◽  
T N Alexander ◽  
M B Moran
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tobacco Marketing ◽  
Minority Adolescents ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Smoking education and prevention campaigns have had marked success in reducing rates of tobacco use among adolescents, however, disparities in use continue to exist. It is critical to assess if adolescents at risk for tobacco use are being exposed to antitobacco campaigns. We used data from Wave 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study to assess the relationship between exposure to three antitobacco campaigns and key characteristics related to higher risk of cigarette use using full-sample weights and Poisson regression models with robust variance. Adjusted models identified that exposure to antitobacco campaigns was more common among racial and sexual minority adolescents and adolescents who: reported exposure to tobacco marketing, spent more time using media and had household income greater than $25 000. While some high-risk youth are more likely to report exposure to campaigns, there are some priority groups that are not being reached by current efforts compared with non-priority groups, including youth living in households with income below the poverty line and adolescents who are susceptible to cigarette smoking. Future campaigns should consider targeting these groups specifically in order to reduce tobacco use disparities.

scholarly journals Somatic DNA Hypomethylation in H. pylori-Associated High-Risk Gastritis and Gastric Cancer: Enhanced Somatic Hypomethylation Associates with Advanced Stage Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. e85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Leodolter ◽  
Sergio Alonso ◽  
Beatriz González ◽  
Matthias P Ebert ◽  
Michael Vieth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Dna Hypomethylation ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Advanced Stage Cancer

Serum Pepsinogen I and Serum Gastrin in the Screening of Atrophic Pangastritis with High Risk of Gastric Cancer

1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (sup186) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Varis ◽  
M. Kekki ◽  
M. Härkönen ◽  
P. Sipponen ◽  
I. M. Samloff
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Serum Gastrin ◽  
Serum Pepsinogen ◽  
Pepsinogen I

scholarly journals GENDER, AGE, ENDOSCOPIC FINDINGS, UREASE AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI: ALL UNCORRELATED WITHIN A SAMPLE OF A HIGH GASTRIC CANCER PREVALENCE POPULATION IN AMAZON

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-269
Author(s):  
Ariney Costa de MIRANDA ◽  
Cássio CALDATO ◽  
Mira Nabil SAID ◽  
Caio de Souza LEVY ◽  
Claudio Eduardo Corrêa TEIXEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Prevalence ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: It is widely assumed that gender, age, gastritis and Helicobacter pylori , all have some degree of correlation and, therefore, can synergistically lead to the development of gastric cancer. OBJECTIVE: In this cross-sectional study, we expected to observe the above mentioned correlation in the analysis of medical records of 67 patients of both sexes (female, n=44), mean age ± standard deviation: 41±12 years old, all from Belém (capital of Pará State, Brazilian Amazon), a city historically known as one with the highest gastric cancer prevalence in this country. METHODS: All patients were submitted to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for gastric biopsy histopathological analysis and rapid urease test. All diagnoses of gastritis were recorded considering its topography, category and the degree of inflammatory activity, being associated or not associated with H. pylori infection. RESULTS: The results show that no statistically relevant associations were found among the prevalences of the observed variables. CONCLUSION: The authors hypothesize that observed risk factors associated to gastric cancer might be lesser synergistic than is usually expected.

Abstract 15425: Is Accurate Stroke Risk ssessment with CHADS 2 Necessary in Managing Patients with Atrial Fibrillation? Insights from the Stroke Prevention and Rhythm Interventions in Atrial Fibrillation (SPRINT-AF) Registry

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C Ha ◽  
Narendra Singh ◽  
Jafna L Cox ◽  
Paul Dorian ◽  
Carl Fournier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Risk Categorization

Introduction: Guidelines have advocated use of scoring schemes such as CHADS 2 to assess stroke risk for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, recent studies had demonstrated poor agreement between physician-reported and scoring-derived stroke risk. From a national registry, we assessed if rates of oral anticoagulant (OAC) use differ between patients whose stroke risks are concordantly or discordantly categorized. Methods: From December 2012 to July 2013, a cross-sectional analysis of 936 consecutive AF patients was performed, enrolled from 109 primary care and specialty practices in 10 Canadian provinces. Based on clinical judgment, physicians categorized each patient as low, moderate, or high risk for stroke. We categorized patients’ stroke risk based on their CHADS 2 score (low: 0; moderate: 1, high: ≥2). Agreement between physician-reported and CHADS 2 risk was reported by the weighted kappa. We compared rates of OAC use between patients whose stroke risk was concordantly or discordantly categorized by clinicians, relative to those derived from CHADS 2 . Results: Complete data were available in 929 (98.8%) patients for analysis. The weighted kappa between physician-reported and CHADS 2 -derived stroke risk was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.34 to 0.48). Physician-determined stroke risk was concordantly categorized to CHADS 2 scores in 544 (58.6%) patients. Among patients with CHADS 2 ≥2, rates of OAC use were similar between the concordant and discordant groups (91.7% vs. 90.4%, p=0.66). For patients with CHADS 2 =1, rates of OAC use were higher in the concordant group (84.2% vs. 66.4%, p<0.01). For patients with CHADS 2 =0, rates of OAC use were lower in the concordant group (43.5% vs. 80.0%, p<0.01). Conclusions: In this contemporary AF registry, the agreement between physician-reported and CHADS 2 -derived stroke risk was only modest. Despite this, the rate of OAC use in patients at high risk (CHADS 2 ≥2) was similarly high between the concordant and discordant groups. However, rates of OAC use between the 2 groups differed among patients at lower stroke risk. Our results suggest that discrepancy in stroke risk categorization is associated with guideline-discordant OAC use, particularly for patients with lower CHADS 2 scores.

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