scholarly journals Evaluation of bioconcentration of trace elements in the Western Mediterranean mouse (Mus spretus Lataste, 1883) at two Moroccan wetland sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
LOUBNA tifarouine ◽  
Asmae Benabbou ◽  
Hamid Rguibi Idrissi ◽  
Abdelaziz Benhoussa
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Small Rodent ◽  
Mus Spretus ◽  
North West ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Metallic Trace Elements ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Many micromammals were shown to be vulnerable to metallic trace elements and are therefore suitable for biomonitoring. The objective of our research is to assess the exposure of a small rodent, Mus spretus, as a bioindicator of pollution to trace elements. We have determined the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn and Fe in the liver, kidneys and heart of 71 individuals of Mus spretus in north-west Morocco in two areas: Merja Zerga and Dayet Erroumi. Tissue metal concentrations in this species varied widely with age, sex, sites and organs. The concentration of Cu in the liver was the highest among all the metals and was recorded in adult females of Merja Zerga with a maximum of 60 µg / g ; at Dayet Erroumi, it was around 14 µg / g. At the same time, we found a similar trend for Fe, Pb, Cr and Zn in the three organs in males and females at the two sites. Highly significant differences between females at the two sites were recorded for the variables weight (W) and head to body length (TL) (t = -3.992; p < 0.001 and t = -2.242, p < 0.05), however, males obtained equal values ​​in the two sites. Spatiotemporal monitoring in small mammals must be studied, but requires the application of a non-lethal estimator.

Removal of metallic trace elements (Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, and Ni2+) from aqueous solution by adsorption onto cerium oxide modified activated carbon

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daouda Kouotou ◽  
Mohammed Ghalit ◽  
Julius Nsami Ndi ◽  
Luisa M. Pastrana Martinez ◽  
Meriam El Ouahabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Modified Activated Carbon ◽  
Metallic Trace Elements

scholarly journals The effects of a national highway on the Endangered golden-brown mouse lemur Microcebus ravelobensis in Ankarafantsika National Park, Madagascar

Oryx ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm S. Ramsay ◽  
Andriamahery Razafindrakoto ◽  
Shawn M. Lehman
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Mouse Lemur ◽  
Population Subdivision ◽  
Empirical Testing ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
North West ◽  
Mouse Lemurs ◽  
Interior Forest ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Dispersal Events

AbstractAlthough roads are often assumed to be barriers to the dispersal of arboreal species, there has been little empirical testing of this assumption. If arboreal animals are unable to cross roads, population subdivision may occur, or resources may become inaccessible. We tested the hypothesis that Route Nationale 4 (RN4), a paved highway, was a barrier to movement and dispersal of the Endangered golden-brown mouse lemur Microcebus ravelobensis in Ankarafantsika National Park, in north-west Madagascar. During June–August 2015 we conducted a capture–mark–recapture study at three sites: two adjacent to RN4 and one within intact forest without a potential barrier. During 2,294 trap nights we captured 120 golden-brown mouse lemurs 1,032 times. In roadside habitats we captured significantly more males than females, whereas the opposite was the case in interior forest habitat. We detected eighteen crossings of highway transects by nine individuals; however, all potential dispersal events involved males. In roadside habitat, movement was significantly inhibited in both males and females. We present some of the first data on the effects of roads on movement patterns in arboreal Malagasy mammals, showing species- and sex-biased effects of roads as dispersal barriers. Our findings indicate that roads may not be complete barriers to dispersal in lemurs. We recommend that conservation managers and scientists examine explicitly the effects of roads and natural arboreal bridges in Madagascar in future studies.

scholarly journals Evaluation du niveau de contamination des eaux souterraines par les éléments traces métalliques dans le département de Zouan-Hounien (Ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire).

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 15457-15468
Author(s):  
Péhégninon Junior Ophélie DJADE ◽  
Abou TRAORE ◽  
Koffi Jean Thiérry KOFFI ◽  
Keiba Noël KEUMEAN ◽  
Gbombélé SORO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Metallic Trace Elements ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Eaux Souterraines

Objectif : Evaluer le niveau de contamination des eaux souterraines de Zouan-Hounien en élément traces métalliques (ETM). Méthodologie et résultats : Un total de soixante-douze (72) échantillons d’eaux souterraines ont été prélevés en raison de quarante-six échantillons d’eaux de puits (23 puits) et vingt-six échantillons d’eaux de forages (13 forages). Dans ces échantillons, des ETM tels que : Hg, Pb, Cd, As et Fe ont été dosés par spectrométrie d’absorption atomique. Les concentrations moyennes respectives de Fe, Pb, Hg, As et Cd sont de 2233,48 > 3,10 > 1,67 > 1,18 > 0,08 µg.L-1 dans les puits et de 2427,94 > 4,08 > , 2,36 > 1,76 > 0,08 µg.L-1 dans les forages. La valeur moyenne du degré de contamination (Dc) dans les puits et les forages est supérieure à 3, indiquant ainsi une forte contamination des eaux souterraines. Avec des valeurs moyennes de l’indice de pollution par les ETM (HPI) inférieures à la valeur seuil de 100, ces eaux restent faiblement polluées dans l’ensemble. Pourtant, deux puits et deux forages ont enregistré une forte pollution des eaux, avec des valeurs supérieures à 100. Conclusion : L’indice de pollution des eaux souterraines par les ETM appliqué aux eaux souterraines révèle que les eaux de puits et de forages sont de bonne qualité, à l’exception de deux puits et deux forages. Le mercure reste le principal élément qui contribue à la toxicité des eaux. Sa présence dans les eaux est due à l’effet des activités d’orpaillage ancien et actuel dans la zone. Une sensibilisation sur les impacts de l’orpaillage sur les ressources en eau est à mener au sein des orpailleurs afin de réduire l’utilisation du mercure. Une consommation prolongée de ces eaux peut entrainer des problèmes graves de santé publique. Mots clés : indices de pollution, eaux souterraines, ETM, orpaillage, Zouan-Hounien Assessment of pollution indices by metallic trace elements of groundwater resources in the mining area of the department of Zouan-Hounien, Côte d´Ivoire. Objective : Assess the level of contamination of Zouan-Hounien groundwater with metallic trace elements (ETM). Methodology and results: A total of seventy-two (72) groundwater samples were taken that is forty-six well water samples (23 wells) and twenty-six borehole water samples (13 wells). In these samples, ETMs such as: Hg, Pb, Cd, As and Fe were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The respective average concentrations of Fe, Pb, Hg, As and Cd are 2233.48> 3.10> 1.67> 1.18> 0.08 µg.L-1 in the wells and 2427.94> 4 , 08>, 2.36> 1.76> 0.08 µg.L-1 in boreholes. The average value of the degree of contamination (Dc) in wells and boreholes is greater than 3, thus indicating a strong contamination of groundwater. With average values of the ETM pollution index (HPI) below the threshold value of 100, these waters remain slightly polluted. However, two wells and two boreholes recorded heavy water pollution, with values greater than 100. The correlation matrix carried out between the ETM and the HPI reveals that Hg is the main element, which contributes to the toxicity of the water. Conclusion: The ETM pollution indices for groundwater applied to waters revealed that well and borehole water are of good quality, with the exception of two wells and two boreholes. However, mercury remains the main element that contributes to the toxicity of water. Its presence in the waters is due to the effect of old and current gold panning activities in the area. Thus, raising awareness of the impacts of gold panning on water resources is to be carried out among gold panners in order to reduce the use of mercury. Prolonged consumption of these waters can lead to serious public health problems. Keywords: pollution indices, groundwater, ETM, gold panning, Zouan-Hounien

scholarly journals Dual Role of Metallic Trace Elements in Stress Biology—From Negative to Beneficial Impact on Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Muszyńska ◽  
Mateusz Labudda
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Metallic Ions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Metallic Trace Elements ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Evolutionary Consequences

Heavy metals are an interesting group of trace elements (TEs). Some of them are minutely required for normal plant growth and development, while others have unknown biological actions. They may cause injury when they are applied in an elevated concentration, regardless of the importance for the plant functioning. On the other hand, their application may help to alleviate various abiotic stresses. In this review, both the deleterious and beneficial effects of metallic trace elements from their uptake by roots and leaves, through toxicity, up to the regulation of physiological and molecular mechanisms that are associated with plant protection against stress conditions have been briefly discussed. We have highlighted the involvement of metallic ions in mitigating oxidative stress by the activation of various antioxidant enzymes and emphasized the phenomenon of low-dose stimulation that is caused by non-essential, potentially poisonous elements called hormesis, which is recently one of the most studied issues. Finally, we have described the evolutionary consequences of long-term exposure to metallic elements, resulting in the development of unique assemblages of vegetation, classified as metallophytes, which constitute excellent model systems for research on metal accumulation and tolerance. Taken together, the paper can provide a novel insight into the toxicity concept, since both dose- and genotype-dependent response to the presence of metallic trace elements has been comprehensively explained.

scholarly journals Natural history of Ctenus medius Keyserling, 1891 (Araneae, Ctenidae) I: observations on habitats and the development of chromatic patterns

2000 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. ALMEIDA ◽  
E. F. RAMOS ◽  
E. GOUVÊA ◽  
M. do CARMO-SILVA ◽  
J. COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Natural History ◽  
National Park ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Mata Atlântica ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Phoneutria Nigriventer

Ctenus medius Keyserling, 1891 is a common species in several spots of Mata Atlântica, however there is a great lack of studies in all aspects of its natural history. This work aims to elucidate aspects of ecotope preference compared to large spiders, and to provide data on the development of chromatic patterns during its life cycle. The observations on the behavior of C. medius were done in the campus of Centro Universitário de Barra Mansa (UBM) by means of observations and nocturnal collections using cap lamps. For observations on the development of chromatic patterns, spiderlings raised in laboratory, hatched from an oviposition of a female from campus of UBM, and others spiderlings collected in field were used. The field observations indicate that: C. medius seems to prefer ecotopes characterized by dense shrub vegetation or herbal undergrowth; Lycosa erythrognatha and L. nordeskioldii seems to prefer open sites; Phoneutria nigriventer seems to prefer shrub vegetation and anthropogenic ecotopes as rubbish hills; Ancylometes sp. seems to prefer ecotopes near streams. Concerning chromatic patterns, it was observed that males and females show well distinct patterns during the last two instars, allowing distinction by sex without the use of a microscope. Through chromatic patterns it was also possible to draw a distinction between C. medius and C. ornatus longer that 3 mm cephalothorax width. 69 specimens of C. medius (males and females) collected in the campus of UBM did not show a striking polymorphism in chromatic pattern, but one among 7 adult females collected in National Park of Itatiaia, showed a distinct chromatic pattern.

An Evaluation of the Hypothesis that Females Are More Susceptible than Males to Lead-induced Haematological Alterations

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
R. Ken ◽  
E.J. Calabrese ◽  
R.W. Tuthill
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lead ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Lead Poisoning Prevention ◽  
Poisoning Prevention

1 A retrospective epidemiological study was conducted to assess the hypothesis that sex differences exist with respect to selected lead-induced red blood cell parameters. The study utilized data previously collected in the Boston Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program. 2 This study revealed no statistically significant difference between males and females ( n = 1548) aged 1-6 years for blood FEP levels when blood lead levels were similar. 3 These findings are in contrast with previously published research with human adults, which has suggested that adult females display significantly greater FEP values at identical blood level values as similarly aged men.

Asperger's and Girls: What Teachers Need to Know

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Jarman ◽  
Christopher Rayner
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorder ◽  
Asperger's Syndrome ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
School Experiences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Average Intelligence ◽  
Males And Females

Individuals with the pervasive developmental disorder Asperger's syndrome (AS) are generally of average or above average intelligence and attend mainstream schools. Despite their intelligence, some of the characteristics and challenges associated with AS can impact upon the quality of life they experience at school. Although both males and females are diagnosed with AS, females have been underrepresented and unrepresented in much of the AS research. Consequently, much of what is known about the school experiences of students with AS is based on studies consisting predominately of male perspectives. This article discusses what adult females with AS and parents of females with AS currently attending school wish teachers understood about AS in females. Many of the experiences described by participants indicate there is a lack of understanding about AS, both generally and specifically, in relation to females. Implications of these findings and recommendations for educators and schools are provided, and directions for future research are outlined.

Study of melanin localization in the mature maleCalopteryx haemorrhoidalisdamselfly wings

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 874-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vi Khanh Truong ◽  
Jitraporn Vongsvivut ◽  
Nipuni Mahanamanam Geeganagamage ◽  
Mark J. Tobin ◽  
Pere Luque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Wing Membrane ◽  
Colour Variation ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Wing Pigmentation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Ir Microspectroscopy ◽  
Defence Reactions

DamselfliesCalopteryx haemorrhoidalisexhibiting black wings are found in the western Mediterranean, Algeria, France, Italy, Spain and Monaco. Wing pigmentation is caused by the presence of melanin, which is involved in physiological processes including defence reactions, wound healing and sclerotization of the insect. Despite the important physiological roles of melanin, the presence and colour variation among males and females of theC. haemorrhoidalisspecies and the localization of the pigment within the wing membrane remain poorly understood. In this study, infrared (IR) microspectroscopy, coupled with the highly collimated synchrotron IR beam, was employed in order to identify the distribution of the pigments in the wings at a high spatial resolution. It was found that the melanin is localized in the procuticle of theC. haemorrhoidalisdamselfly wings, distributed homogeneously within this layer, and not associated with the lipids of the epicuticle.

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