Enhancement of Phenolics Content and Biological Activities of Longan (Dimocarpus Longan Lour.) Treated with Thermal and Aging Process

Abstract This study is the first to successfully produce novel black Dimocarpus longan by undergoing thermal and ageing process. Pericarp, aril, and seed of black D. longan were macerated in 95% v/v ethanol. Their chemical compositions were investigated by Folin–Ciocalteu assay, aluminium chloride assay, and high-performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activities were evaluated in terms of radical scavenging and iron (III) reducing capacity. Enzyme inhibitory assay was used to evaluate the hyaluronidase inhibition. Black D. longan seed extract contained the significantly highest content of flavonoids and phenolic compounds (p < 0.05). Each gram of the extract contained 53.6 ± 0.9 mg of gallic acid, 19.8 ± 2.9 mg of corilagin, and 24.5 ± 0.7 mg of ellagic acid. This extract was the most potent anti-hyaluronidase and antioxidant with the strongest free radical scavenging activity and reducing power. Therefore, it was proposed as functional food and further used in the pharmaceutical or cosmeceutical industries.

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Phytochemical Traits and Biological Activity of Eryngium amethystinum and E. alpinum (Apiaceae)

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7100364 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 364

Author(s):

Dario Kremer ◽

Marijana Zovko Končić ◽

Ivan Kosalec ◽

Iztok Jože Košir ◽

Tanja Potočnik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Dilution Assay ◽

Germacrene D ◽

Antimicrobial Evaluation ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

Eryngium amethystinum L. is a wild vegetable used in Croatia. Both E. amethystinum and E. alpinum L. are decorative plants that can also be used in horticulture. To find out the hidden qualities of these two species, the following biological activities were studied: essential oil (EO) composition, analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC, GC–MS); phenolic compound content (PC), analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); total phenols as well as total flavonoids, analyzed by ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV/Vis); antioxidants, analyzed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity (DPPH), b-carotene-linoleic acid assay, chelating activity and reducing power of the extracts; and antimicrobial evaluation by micro-dilution assay and inhibition of Candida albicans blastospore germination. The major constituents of EO were β-caryophyllene (15.2%), α-pinene (10.2%) and 2,3,6-trimethylbenzaldehyde (9.3%) for E. amethystinum and caryophyllene oxide (27.9%), bicyclogermacrene (13.2%) and germacrene D (8.2%) for E. alpinum. The methanol extracts of both species showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial and antifungal activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) less than or equal to 1.944 and 1.11 mg/mL, respectively.

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Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of lecithin free egg yolk protein preparation hydrolysates obtained with digestive enzymes

Functional Foods in Health and Disease ◽

10.31989/ffhd.v2i12.69 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (12) ◽

pp. 487 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Aleksandra Zambrowicz ◽

Marta Pokora ◽

Ewelina Eckert ◽

Marek Szołtysik ◽

Anna Dąbrowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Yolk Protein ◽

Bacillus Species

Several biological activities have now been associated with egg protein- derived peptides, including antihypertensive, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, anticancer and antioxidant activities, highlighting the importance of these biopeptides in human health, and disease prevention and treatment. Special attention has been given to peptides with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities as a new source of natural preservatives in food industry. In this study, the antioxidant properties of the egg-yolk protein by-product (YP) hydrolysates were evaluated based on their radical scavenging capacity (DPPH), Fe2+chelating effect and ferric reducing power (FRAP). Furthermore, antimicrobial properties of obtained hydrolysates against Bacillus species were studied. The degrees (DHs) of hydrolysis for 4h hydrolysates were: 19.1%, 13.5% and 13.0%, for pepsin, chymotrypsin and trypsin, respectively. Pepsin was the most effective in producing the free amino groups (1410.3 μmolGly/g). The RP-HPLC profiles of the protein hydrolysates showed differences in the hydrophobicity of the generated peptides. Trypsin hydrolysate obtained after 4h reaction demonstrated the strongest DPPH free radical scavenging activity (0.85 µmol Troloxeq/mg). Trypsin and chymotrypsin hydrolysates obtained after 4h reaction exhibited 4 times higher ferric reducing capacity than those treated by pepsin. The hydrolysis products obtained from YP exhibited significant chelating activity. The 4h trypsin hydrolysate exhibited weak antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis B3; B. cereus B512; B. cereus B 3p and B. laterosporum B6. Keywords: Antioxidative activity, DPPH, peptides, hydrolysis, egg-yolk protei

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HPLC Analysis and Antioxidant Evaluation of Acteoside-Rich Osmanthus fragrans Extracts

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2020/8851285 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Sung-Ho Lee ◽

Seong-Wook Seo ◽

Seung-Yub Song ◽

Deuk-Sil Oh ◽

Jung-Hyun Shim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Hot Water ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Osmanthus Fragrans

A method for the separation and quantification of acteoside by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed and validated. Hot water and ethanolic extracts of Osmanthus fragrans leaves and flowers were analyzed for acteoside content. Excellent linearity was obtained, with an r2 higher than 0.999. The precision, specificity, and accuracy of our method were excellent, suggesting that it can be conveniently used for the quantification of acteoside in the crude extract of O. fragrans. The hot water and ethanol extracts were analyzed, and their biological activities were tested. The extraction yields, marker (acteoside) contents, and antioxidant activities of the leaf and flower extracts were analyzed. The antioxidant activity was confirmed by measuring the 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and total phenolic content. The acteoside content tended to be higher in the 100% ethanol extract of O. fragrans compared to those with the other extraction conditions tested. Overall, almost all extracts prepared with ethanolic solvents tended to produce better antioxidant activity than those prepared with hot water. These results suggest that the ethanolic extract of O. fragrans could serve as a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical source, and our validated method would be useful for the quality control of O. fragrans extracts.

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Chemical Compositions and Anti-Skin-Ageing Activities of Origanum vulgare L. Essential Oil from Tropical and Mediterranean Region

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25051101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 1101 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Natnaree Laothaweerungsawat ◽

Jakkapan Sirithunyalug ◽

Wantida Chaiyana

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Origanum Vulgare ◽

Antioxidant Power

Origanum vulgare L. has been used as a culinary ingredient worldwide. This study revealed the cosmeceutical potential of O. vulgare essential oil as a skin-ageing retardant. The O. vulgare essential oil from a highland area of a tropical country (HO), obtained by hydrodistillation was investigated and compared to a commercial oil from the Mediterranean region (CO). Their chemical compositions were investigated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activities were investigated by ferric reducing antioxidant power, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, and ferric thiocyanate assay. Anti-skin-ageing activities were determined by means of collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase inhibition. Carvacrol was the major component in both oils, but a higher amount was detected in HO (79.5%) than CO (64.6%). HO possessed comparable radical scavenging activity to CO (IC50 = 1.8 ± 0.8 mg/mL) but significantly higher lipid peroxidation inhibition (38.0 ± 0.8%). Carvacrol was remarked as the major compound responsible for the reducing power of both oils. Interestingly, HO possessed significant superior anti-skin-ageing activity than ascorbic acid (P < 0.01), with inhibition against collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase of 92.0 ± 9.7%, 53.1 ± 13.3%, and 16.7 ± 0.3%, at the concentration of 67, 25, and 4 µg/mL, respectively. Since HO possessed comparable anti-hyaluronidase activity to CO and superior anti-collagenase and anti-elastase (P < 0.01), HO was suggested to be used as a natural skin-ageing retardant in a cosmetic industry.

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Bioactive potential of endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum and GC–MS analysis of its responsible components

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-75722-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Navdeep Kaur ◽

Daljit Singh Arora ◽

Namarta Kalia ◽

Manpreet Kaur

Keyword(s):

Endophytic Fungus ◽

High Performance ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Chaetomium Globosum ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Fungal Extract ◽

Bioactive Potential

Abstract The recent exploration of various medicinal plants for bioactive potential has led to the growing interest to explore their endophytes for such bioactive potential which may turn out to be better option than the plants. In the present study, Chaetomium globosum, an endophytic fungus isolated from Moringa oleifera Lam has been explored for its various biological activities. The chloroformic extract of C. globosum showed good antimutagenicity against the reactive carcinogenic mutagen, 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) in Ames test. The antiproliferative activity against various cell lines such as HCT-15, HeLa and U87-MG was found to be dose dependent and the viability reduced to 9.26%, 15.7% and 16.3%, respectively. Further, the chloroformic fungal extract was investigated for free radical scavenging activity using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethyl-benzthiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) assay which showed the IC50 value of 45.16 µg/ml and 50.55 µg/ml, respectively. The fungal extract also showed good ferric reducing power. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was found to be in linear relationship with the antioxidant potential of the fungal extract. High performance liquid chromatography showed the presence of phenolics which may help to combat the free radicals. The presence of various bioactive compounds was analysed by GC–MS which endorsed Chaetomium globosum to be a promising candidate for drug development.

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Chemical variability and antioxidant activities of the essential oils of the aerial parts of Ammoides verticillata and the roots of Carthamus caeruleus and their synergistic effect in combination

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207323666200606213057 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

Author(s):

Imane Rihab Mami ◽

Noria Merad-Boussalah ◽

Mohammed El Amine Dib ◽

Boufeldja Tabti ◽

Jean Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Natural Food ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Chemical Variability ◽

Ammoides Verticillata

Aim and Objective: Oxidative stress is implicated in the development and progression of many disease. Some of appropriate actions that could be initiated to taken to resolve the problem of these diseases are search for new antioxidant substances isolated from plants. The aims of this study were to study the intraspecies variations of A. verticillata and C. caeruleus essential oils from 8 locations using statistical analysis, the in vitro antioxidant properties of collective essential oils and in combinations. Materials and Methods: The essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The intraspecies variations of the essential oil compositions were discussed using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The antioxidant properties were evaluated DPPH-radical scavenging activity and β-carotene bleaching test. Results: The main components of Ammoides verticillata collective essential oil (Coll EO) were thymol (30.5%), carvacrol (23.2%), p-cymene (13.1%), limonene (12.5%) and terpinene-4-ol (12.3%). While roots of Carthamus caeruleus essential oil were dominated by carline oxide (86.2%). The chemical variability allowed the discrimination of two main Groups for both Coll EOs. A direct correlation between the altitudes, climate and the chemical compositions was evidenced. Ammoides verticulata and Carthamus caeruleus Coll Eos showed good antioxidant activity. In binary mixture, the interaction both Coll Eos and between oils rich of thymol and/or carvacrol with carlina oxide produced the best synergistic effects, compared to individual essential oils and the synthetic antioxidant (BHT). Conclusion: Ammoides verticillata and Carthamus caeruleus essential oil blends can be used as a natural food preservative and alternative to chemical antioxidants.

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Biological Activities of Carlina Oxide Isolated from the Roots of Carthamus caeruleus

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315509666190117152740 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 145-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Imane Rihab Mami ◽

Rania Belabbes ◽

Mohammed El Amine Dib ◽

Boufeldja Tabti ◽

Jean Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Penicillium Expansum ◽

Natural Food ◽

Antioxidant Power

Background: Carthamus caeruleus belongs to the Asteraceae family. The roots are traditionally used as healing agents. They help to heal burns and treat skin diseases. They are also used against joint inflammation and are very effective against diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome for cancer patients. Objectives: The purpose of this work was i) to study the chemical composition of i) the essential oil and hydrosol extract of Carthamus caeruleus, ii) to isolate the major component of both extracts and iii) to evaluate their antioxidant, antifungal and insecticidal activities. Methods: The essential oil and hydrosol extract obtained from the roots were studied by GC and GC/MS. The antioxidant activities were performed using two different methods i) Radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and ii) the Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), using BHT as a positive control. Whereas, the antifungal activity of the essential oil and Carlina oxide was investigated against plant fungi. The fumigation toxicity of C. caeruleus essential oil besides Carlina oxide was evaluated against adults of Bactrocera oleae better known as the olive fly. Results: The essential oil and hydrosol extract were mainly represented by acetylenic compounds such as carline oxide and 13-methoxy carline oxide. Carlina oxide was isolated and identified by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic means. The results showed that Carlina oxide presented interesting antioxidant and antifungal properties, while C. caeruleus root essential oil had better insecticidal activity. Furthermore, Carlina oxide has demonstrated promising in vivo antifungal activity to control infection of apples by Penicillium expansum. Conclusion: Carlina oxide can be used as a natural food preservative and alternative to chemical fungicides to protect stored apple against Penicillium expansum.

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Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Wampee (Clausena lansium(Lour.) Skeels) Peel

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.1155/2009/612805 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

K. Nagendra Prasad ◽

Jing Hao ◽

Chun Yi ◽

Dandan Zhang ◽

Shengxiang Qiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Liver Carcinoma ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Anticancer Activities

Antioxidant activities of wampee peel extracts using five different solvents (ethanol, hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water) were determined by using in-vitro antioxidant models including total antioxidant capability, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and superoxide scavenging activity. Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared to other fractions, even higher than synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT). In addition, the EAF exhibited strong anticancer activities against human gastric carcinoma (SGC-7901), human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG-2) and human lung adenocarcinoma (A-549) cancer cell lines, higher than cisplatin, a conventional anticancer drug. The total phenolic content of wampee fraction was positively correlated with the antioxidant activity. This is the first report on the antioxidant and anticancer activities of the wampee peel extract. Thus, wampee peel can be used potentially as a readily accessible source of natural antioxidants and a possible pharmaceutical supplement.

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Synthesis and Biological Activities of Hydroxytyrosol Ester Derivatives

Journal of the chemical society of pakistan ◽

10.52568/000610 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 109-109

Author(s):

Hao Zang Hao Zang ◽

Qian Xu Qian Xu ◽

Luyun Zhang Luyun Zhang ◽

Guangqing Xia Guangqing Xia ◽

Jiaming Sun and Junyi Zhu Jiaming Sun and Junyi Zhu

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition ◽

Hydroxyl Group ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Better Than

A series of hydroxytyrosol (HT) derivatives were synthesized by modification of alcohol hydroxyl group of HT, twenty-five target compounds were obtained and characterized by NMR and HRMS. The antioxidant activities of those compounds were evaluated in three different assays. Except 3e and 3y, all other compounds demonstrated significant 2,2and#39;-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) free radical cation scavenging activity ranging from IC50 3.4 to 24.4 μM, which were more potent than L-ascorbic acid (IC50=24.8 μM). Compounds 3b-3d, 3f-3k, 3m-3x were better than Trolox (18.3 M). Moreover, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of all compounds were discovered to be more potent than L-ascorbic acid (40.7 mmol/g), except 3e, all other compounds (141.5-202.1 mmol/g) were better than Trolox (94.7 mmol/g). Compounds 3a-3d, 3f-3j, 3l-3m, 3o, 3q, 3t, 3v-3y exhibited more potent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (IC50=245.1-475.1 M) than L-ascorbic acid (554.4 M) and Trolox (500.4 M). Compounds 3q, 3t and 3y exhibited more potent -Glucosidase inhibition activity (39.1-52.4 M) than Acarbose (60.9 M). Compounds 3a, 3d, 3f-3m, 3s-3t, 3v-3y showed some acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities, compounds 3a, 3d, 3f-3j, 3l-3m, 3o-3p, 3s-3t, 3w showed some butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activities.

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Phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of fern, Asplenium ceterach L. in different altitudes

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v48i2.47674 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 315-320

Author(s):

Asuman Karadeniz Pekgöz ◽

Ilker Çinbilgel

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ecological Factors ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Plant Chemical ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽

Phytochemical Contents ◽

Different Altitudes

Phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of fern (Asplenium ceterach L.) distributed in different altitudes (22 stations) were compared and the relationships between altitude and plant chemical contents were studied. The highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was found in 22nd station (IC50 = 47.91 μg/ml) and the highest total phenolic content was found in 9th station (110.62 μgGAE/ml) whereas the maximum total flavonoid content was found in 20th station (232.67 μgCE/ml). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicates that the maximum pterosin b (0.235 μg/ml), catechin (2.756 μg/ml) and quercetin (0.207 μg/ml) values were found in 21th station whereas the maximum chlorogenic acid (17.718 μg/ml) was obtained in 9th and caffeic acid (6,598 μg/ml) in 13th stations. It was observed that altitude is not potent alone, but it can be a factor in the occurrence of other ecological factors like soil properties, water, humidity, light and temperature.

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