scholarly journals Paternal Childcare In Early Childhood and Problematic Behavior in Children: A Population-Based Prospective Study in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manami Ochi ◽  
Takeo Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background: Little is known about the effects of paternal childcare on children’s behavioral development. This study explored the association between paternal childcare during infancy in terms of childcare hours and type of caregiving behavior and subsequent behavioral problems in children aged 5.5 years stratified by sex.Methods: We analyzed data from the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century (2001-2006), a population-based cohort survey in Japan (N = 27,870). Paternal childcare was assessed at 18 months in terms of paternal childcare hours on weekdays or weekends and the frequency of each type of childcare (feeding, changing diapers, bathing, putting the child to sleep, playing with the child at home, and taking the child outside). Six categories of child behavioral problems were assessed when the children were 5.5 years old. Logistic regression analysis was applied to account for the known confounding variables.Results: Longer paternal childcare hours, on both weekdays and weekends in infancy, had a protective effect on behavioral problems at 5.5 years of age. The dose-effect relationships were found between the frequency of fathers taking their children outside and behavioral problems in boys, and the frequency of fathers playing with their children at home and behavioral problems in both boys and girls.Conclusions: Paternal childcare during infancy could prevent subsequent behavioral problems in children. Several specific paternal caregiving behaviors, such as taking their children outside and playing with them at home, may play an important role in preventing subsequent behavioral problems.

scholarly journals Paternal childcare in early childhood and problematic behavior in children: a population-based prospective study in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manami Ochi ◽  
Takeo Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Population Based ◽  
First Century ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Long Working Hours ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background There have been numerous reports on the effects of paternal childcare on children’s behavioral development. However, little is known about these effects in Asian countries such as Japan, where fathers do not have sufficient time for childcare due to long working hours. This study explored the association between paternal childcare during toddlerhood in terms of childcare hours and the type of caregiving behavior and subsequent behavioral problems in children aged 5.5 years, stratified by sex. Methods We analyzed data from the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the twenty-first Century (2001–2006), a population-based cohort survey in Japan (N = 27,870). Paternal childcare was assessed at 18 months in terms of paternal childcare hours on weekdays or weekends and the frequency of each type of childcare (feeding, changing diapers, bathing, putting the child to sleep, playing with the child at home, and taking the child outside). Based on the frequency or lack of paternal involvement, six categories of child behavioral problems were assessed when the children were 5.5 years old. Logistic regression analysis was applied to account for the known confounding variables. Results Longer paternal childcare hours, on both weekdays and weekends in toddlerhood, had a protective effect on behavioral problems at 5.5 years of age. The dose-effect relationships were found between the frequency of fathers taking their children outside and behavioral problems in boys, and the frequency of fathers playing with their children at home and behavioral problems in both boys and girls. Conclusions Paternal childcare during toddlerhood could prevent subsequent behavioral problems in children. Several specific paternal caregiving behaviors, such as taking their children outside and playing with them at home, may play an important role in preventing subsequent behavioral problems.

scholarly journals The effects of paternal childcare in early childhood on later behavioral problems in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ochi ◽  
T Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Paternal Involvement ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Child Behavioral Problems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Parenting by primary caregivers in early childhood is important for the psycho-social development of children. Previous studies reported that the effect of maternal childcare on child behavioral problems. However, the research about the paternal childcare was limited. This study aims to clarify the impact of paternal childcare during infant-period on behavioral problems in later childhood, in terms of 1) childcare hours and 2) type of involvement in childcare. Methods We used the data of the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century (2001-2006), which was a population-based survey in Japan. We analyzed 35,082 samples, excluding single parents. Paternal childcare was assessed by the following; paternal childcare hours on weekdays or weekends at 18 months old, and frequency of each type of childcare (feeding, diaper change, bathing, putting the child to sleep, playing at home, and taking the child outside) at 6 and 18 months old. We evaluated child behavioral problems by the caregiver's answer at 5 years old. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted for analysis. Results Children with paternal childcare for ≥ 6 hours on weekends at 18 months old were had fewer behavioral problems at 5 years old than children with paternal childcare for < 4 hours (odds ratio (OR): 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77 to 0,89), while there was no clear association between paternal childcare hours on weekdays and child outcomes. Children with frequent paternal childcare at 6 and 18 months old also had fewer behavioral problems than children with less paternal childcare (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.76 to 0.90). Some types of paternal childcare (feeding, playing at home, and taking the child outside) strongly reduced child behavioral problems at 5 years old, and dose-effect relations were observed (p for trend < 0.001). Conclusions Paternal childcare for a longer time on weekends in the infant-period could reduce the child behavioral problems at 5 years old. Key messages High paternal involvement in childcare during infant age, such as taking the child outside the home on weekends, could have protective effects on behavioral problems in later childhood. The promotion of paternal involvement in childcare in early childhood should be useful for adequate child development.

Risk and protective profile of tobacco and alcohol use among Iranian adolescents: a population- based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Baheiraei ◽  
Farzaneh Soltani ◽  
Abbas Ebadi ◽  
Abbas Rahimi Foroushani ◽  
Mohammad Ali Cheraghi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study

Abstract Background: Identification of risk and protective factors is of great importance in designing preventive and interventional programs. The aim of the present study has been to investigate peer/individual, family, school, and community risk and protective factors as predictors of tobacco and alcohol use among Iranian adolescents. Methods: In a cross-sectional population-based study, 870 Iranian adolescents aged 15–18 years old, filled out the adopted form of “Communities That Care Youth Survey”. Thirty-two risk and protective factors were entered in adjusted logistic regression analyses to predict the lifetime cigarette and alcohol use. Results: Sixteen risk and seven protective factors predicted both lifetime cigarette and alcohol use in the bivariate logistic regression analysis. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis 12 risk factors including friends’ use of drugs, interaction with antisocial peers, sensation seeking, intention to use, perceived risks of drug use, family history of drug use, poor family management, parental attitudes favorable toward drug use, family conflict, academic failure, school low commitment, perceived availability of drugs predicted both lifetime cigarette and alcohol use as well as four protective factors including religiosity, self-esteem, family rewards for prosocial involvement, and school rewards for prosocial involvement. The highest OR were related to the risk factor of “Rewards for antisocial involvement” [3.9(1.5–10)], and protective factor of “Religiosity” [0.1(0.1–0.3)]. Conclusion: The present study has produced evidences about risk and protective factors related to adolescents substance use and can help designing and implementing of preventive interventions for maintaining and promoting adolescents health.

scholarly journals The evaluation of factors affecting antibody response after administration of the BNT162b2 vaccine: a prospective study in Japan

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12316
Author(s):  
Toshiya Mitsunaga ◽  
Yuhei Ohtaki ◽  
Yutaka Seki ◽  
Masakata Yoshioka ◽  
Hiroshi Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibody reaction after administration of the BNT162b2 vaccine, and to reveal the factors that affect antibody production. This prospective study was carried out in the Association of EISEIKAI Medical and Healthcare Corporation Minamitama Hospital, in Tokyo, Japan, from April 15, 2021 to June 09, 2021. All our hospital’s workers who were administered the BNT162b2 vaccine as part of a routine program were included in this study. We calculated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibody titter (1) before vaccination, (2) 7 to 20 days after the first vaccination, and (3) A total of 7 to 20 days after the second vaccination. The low-antibody titer group (LABG) was defined as the group having less than 25 percentiles of antibody titer. Univariate and Multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to ascertain the effects of factors on the likelihood of LABG. A total of 374 participants were eventually included in our study, and they were divided into 94 LABG and 280 non-LABG. All samples showed significant antibody elevation in the second antibody test, with a mean value of 3,476 U/mL. When comparing the LABG and non-LABG groups, the median age, blood sugar, and HbA1c were significantly higher in the LABG group. The rates of participants with low BMI (<18.5) and high BMI (>30) were significantly higher in the LABG group. The proportion of chronic lung disease, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, autoimmune disease, and cancer were significantly higher in the LABG group. Although there was no significant difference confirmed with respect to the exercise hours per day, the proportion of participants that did not perform outdoor exercises was significantly higher in the LABG group. The time interval between the second vaccination and the second antibody test, and between the first and the second vaccination was significantly longer in the non-LABG group. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, older than 60 years, the past history of hypertension, HbA1c higher than 6.5%, and lack of outdoor exercises were significant suppressors of antibody responses, whereas the length of days from the first to the second vaccination longer than 25 days promoted a significant antibody response. Again, our single-center study demonstrates that older than 60 years, hypertension, HbA1c higher than 6.5%, and lack of outdoor exercises were significant suppressors of antibody responses, whereas the length of days from the first to the second vaccination longer than 25 days promoted a significant antibody response. Evidence from multi-center studies is needed to develop further vaccination strategies.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for the Morbidity and Prognosis of Lung Metastases in Newly Diagnosed Ovarian Carcinoma: A Large Population-based Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuning Ding ◽  
Kaibo Guo ◽  
Linqin Wu ◽  
Dongxu Li ◽  
Peipei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Background: To evaluate the risk factors for the morbidity and prognosis of lung metastases (LM) in patients with newly diagnosed ovarian carcinoma (OC). Methods: Based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) dataset, OC patients from 2010 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Risk factors for the morbidity of LM in OC patients and their survival were assessed by logistic regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier and Gray method, respectively. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for the prognosis of OC patients with LM, and their prognostic potentials were further validated by two established nomograms.Results: There are 27,123 eligible OC patients were enrolled in the study, with the morbidity of LM at 5.61% (1,521/27,123). Logistic regression models illustrated that T3 stage [odds ratio (OR)=2.74, 95%CI=2.09-3.66, P<0.01], advanced N stage (OR=1.86, 95%CI=1.62-2.14, P<0.01), and the prevalence of bone metastasis (OR=3.78, 95%CI=2.79-5.11, P<0.01), brain metastasis (OR=4.67, 95%CI=2.50-8.63, P<0.01) and liver metastasis (OR=3.60, 95%CI=3.14-4.12, P<0.01) were all significantly correlated with the morbidity of LM in OC patients. Median survival for OC patients with LM was 11 months (interquartile range, 3 to 25 months). Cox regression analyses illustrated over 80 years of age [hazard ratio (HR)=2.52, 95%CI=2.33-2.72, P<0.01] and positive expression of cancer antigen 125 (CA-125, HR=1.63, 95%CI=1.47-1.82, P<0.01) were significantly correlated with the high mortality of LM, while chemotherapy (HR=0.62, 95%CI=0.59-0.65, P<0.01) was significantly correlated with the low mortality. Two nomograms were established to examine the concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, the area under the curve (AUC), decision curve analyses (DCAs) and clinical impact curves (CICs), which validated the prognostic potentials of identified risk factors in OC patients with LM. Conclusion: The population-based cohort study provides references for guiding clinical screening and individualized treatment of OC patients with LM.

Risk Factors of Early Childhood Caries among Young Children in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry Shiqian Gao ◽  
Duangporn Duangthip ◽  
Edward Chin Man Lo ◽  
Chun Hung Chu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Primary Caretaker

Objective: Early childhood caries (ECC) was prevalent in Hong Kong. Children with ECC risk should be identified early for prevention. This study aimed to identify common risk factors of ECC in Hong Kong 3-year-old children. Study design: Sample size calculation showed at least 6,321 of 3-year-old children should be invited in this study. A consent form and a questionnaire enquiring the children's oral health behaviours and social-economic background were distributed to their parents. Children with parental consent were examined by a trained dentist. Caries status was recorded in dmft index. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the risk factors of ECC. Results: A total of 5,167 children from the 6,331 children invited were examined. Among them, 1,130 children (22%) had ECC (dmft&gt;0). Logistic regression analysis found age of starting tooth brushing, snack-intake frequency, dental visit experience, birthplace, family monthly income, primary caretaker, and mother's education level were factors associated with ECC of the children. Conclusions: Children who started tooth brushing later, had higher snack-intake frequency, were not born in Hong Kong, and whose family monthly income was lower, mother's education level was lower, primary caretaker was not domestic helper, had a statistically significant higher chance of having ECC.

Prevalence and correlates of psychological distress among a national population-based sample of adults in Solomon Islands

2020 ◽  
pp. 002076402096975
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Steps Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression

Background: Psychological distress is an undersearched cause of poorer health in the Pacific island countries. Aims: The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of psychological distress in a population-based survey among 18–69 year-old persons in Solomon Islands. Method: Cross-sectional nationally representative data of 2,533 18–69 year-old persons (38 years were the median age) from the 2015 Solomon Islands STEPS survey were analysed. Results: The results indicate that 18.9% of participants had psychological distress (⩾20 scores), 13.4% had mild (20–24 scores), 4.3% moderate (25–29 scores) and 1.1% severe (30–50 scores) psychological distress. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, being divorced, separated, or widowed (AOR: 2.76, 95% CI: 1.60–4.78), having had a heart attack or stroke (AOR: 3.34, 95% CI: 2.23–4.99), alcohol dependence (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.04–2.84), and sedentary behaviour (AOR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.28–2.84), were positively and the consumption of 3–4 servings of fruit and vegetables (AOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42–0.92), were negatively associated with psychological distress (⩾20 scores). In addition, in a sex stratified adjusted logistic regression analysis among men, current smokeless tobacco use (AOR: 4.95, 95% CI: 1.66–14.75), was associated with psychological distress. Furthermore, in the overall unadjusted analysis, stop smoking attempts in the past 12 months and consumption of too much salt was associated with psychological distress. Conclusion: Almost one in five participants were reported psychological distress and several factors were detected which could be targeted in intervention activities.

scholarly journals Population-based analysis on predictors for lymph node metastasis in T1 colon cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 4030-4040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Xu ◽  
Chihao Zhang ◽  
Xiaochun Ni ◽  
Jugang Wu ◽  
Chunpeng Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Competing Risks ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Mucinous Carcinoma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Node Metastasis

Abstract Background In this study, we aimed to identify independent predictive factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM) in T1 colon cancer. Methods Data of 8056 eligible patients were retrospectively collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database during 2004–2012. We performed logistic regression analysis to identify predictive factors for LNM. Both unadjusted and adjusted Cox regression analyses were used to determine the association between LNM and patient survival. Finally, we used competing risks analysis and the cumulative incidence function (CIF) to further confirm the prognostic role of LNM in cancer-specific survival (CSS). Results The overall risk of LNM in patients with T1 colon cancer was 12.0% (N = 967). Adjusted logistic regression models revealed that mucinous carcinoma [odds ratio (OR) = 2.26, P < 0.001], moderately differentiated (OR 1.74, P < 0.001), poorly differentiated (OR 5.16, P < 0.001), and undifferentiated carcinoma (OR 3.01, P = 0.003); older age (OR 0.66, P < 0.001 for age 65–79 years, OR 0.44, P < 0.001 for age over 80 years); and carcinoma located in the ascending colon (OR 0.77, P = 0.018) and sigmoid colon (OR 1.24, P = 0.014) were independent predictive factors for LNM. Adjusted Cox regression analysis showed that positive lymph node involvement was significantly associated with CSS [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.02, P < 0.001], which was further robustly confirmed using a competing risks model and the CIF. Conclusions This population-based study showed that mucinous carcinoma, tumor grade, age, and primary tumor location were independent predictive factors for LNM in T1 colon cancer. The risk of LNM should be carefully evaluated in patients with T1 colon cancer, before clinical management.

Transient hypoparathyroidism following thyroidectomy: A prospective study and multivariate analysis of 604 consecutive patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ottavio Cavicchi ◽  
Ottavio Piccin ◽  
Umberto Caliceti ◽  
Angelo De Cataldis ◽  
Renato Pasquali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Extent Of Surgery ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Transient Hypoparathyroidism

Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for postoperative transient hypoparathyroidism in a group of patients undergoing thyroid surgery. Study Design A prospective study was conducted on 604 patients undergoing thyroid surgery. Subjects and Methods Gender, final diagnosis, extent of resection, biology of pathology, intrathoracic involvement, surgery for recurrent multinodular goiter, and presence and number of parathyroid glands in a surgical specimen were analyzed as risk factors for postoperative transient hypoparathyroidism. The chi-square test and a logistic regression analysis were applied. RESULTS: On logistic regression analysis, only the extent of surgery constituted an independent variable for transient hypoparathyroidism ( P = 0.001). Conclusion The extent of surgery to central and/or lateral neck lymph nodes is responsible for a high rate of transient hypoparathyroidism owing to a high probability of unplanned parathyroidectomy or parathyroid gland devascularization.

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