scholarly journals Cancer Research Activity in the Arab World: A 15-Year Bibliometric Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc MACHAALANI ◽  
Jad EL MASRI ◽  
Lemir Majed EL AYOUBI ◽  
Bassam MATAR
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Country ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Total Cancer

Abstract Purpose The Arab region comprises 22 countries located in the Middle East and North Africa, sharing cultural and linguistic ties. Arab countries have continued to lag in terms of biomedical research compared to other nations for the several past decades. Cancer is a major public health concern, being the second leading cause of death globally. Given that high research activity on cancer reflects positively onto screening programs, awareness, and clinical practice, this article aimed to examine the activity and trend of cancer research in the Arab world between 2005 and 2019. Methods Between 2005 and 2019, the number of cancer-related articles published by each Arab country, and regarding 27 different types, was assessed using PubMed database. Numbers were normalized with respect to each country’s average population and average Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Results Arab countries contributed to 1.52% of total cancer publications. The number of cancer publications has steadily grown since 2005, with the last 7 years alone witnessing 75.69% of the total Arab cancer-related publications. In terms of publications per million persons, Qatar ranked first while in terms of publications per national GDP, Egypt ranked first. Breast, liver, and colorectal cancers had the highest numbers of all Arab cancer-related publications, while testicular, vulvar, and gallbladder cancers had the least. Conclusion This paper pools information and insight for scientists, clinicians, funders, and decision-makers on the actualities and developments of cancer research in the Arab world. Addressing the barriers facing cancer research remains a cornerstone in the plan to improve the Arab world’s output and contribution to the field of oncology.

scholarly journals Health communication research in the Arab world: A bibliometric analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. e000011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour Mheidly ◽  
Jawad Fares
Keyword(s):  
Health Communication ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Arab State ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Pubmed Database

ObjectiveHealth communication is a novel field in the Arab world. This study aimed to describe and characterise health communication research activity in the region.Methods and analysisThe PubMed database was used to search for publications related to health communication from Arab states. Publications were classified according to country of origin, without limiting for date. Research activity and output were examined with respect to population and the gross domestic product (GDP) of each Arab state.ResultsA total of 66 contributions related to health communication came from the Arab countries, with the first paper published from Lebanon in 2004. Health communication-related publications constituted 0.03% of the total biomedical research contributions published by the Arab world since 2004 and 1% of the world’s health communication literature. Number of health communication contributions ranged between 0 and 12, with Lebanon producing the most output. Qatar ranked first with respect to contributions per population, whereas Lebanon ranked first with respect to contributions per GDP. Algeria, Comoros, Djibouti, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Mauritania, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen had nil health communication publications.ConclusionRecognising the barriers facing the health communication field and addressing them carefully are vital in the plan to better the Arab world’s output and contribution in the field.

Female labour participation and pay equity in Arab countries: commonalities and differences

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf M. Sidani ◽  
Tony Feghali
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Country ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Pay Equity ◽  
Problematic Situation ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Labour Participation

While there is a common belief that female labour indicators in Arab countries demonstrate a problematic situation, little is understood about the varieties within countries in that region. This paper attempts to draw a segmentation of the Arab world to show how different countries differ in this regard. It looks at two specific measures: the level of female participation as a percentage of male participation (FPM), and the female earned income to male income (FIM). Statistics from 20 Arab countries generated four clusters in which those countries are classified. Female labour indicators in most countries in the Arab world show similar patterns found in other countries in their stage of development. This confirms earlier research that indicates that women's labour participation decreases as societies move away from agriculture into manufacturing, services and industry. Only four countries are identified as outliers whose labour indicators can be understood within the context of the cultural values that dominate. The implications are discussed and individual research on female labour within each Arab country is invited.

scholarly journals Summary Report of the Round Table on Problems of Professional Translation in the Arab/Muslim World and the Contribution of Technology

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-109
Author(s):  
Samia Berrada
Keyword(s):  
Machine Translation ◽  
Arab World ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Arab Country ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Arab Muslim ◽  
The Status

Under the sponsorship of the International Federation of Translators (FIT) and the U.N. Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), a Round Table on the Problems of Professional Translation in the Arab World and the Contribution of Technology was held from June 1 to 3, 1989 at the King Fahd Advanced School for Translation in Tangier, Morocco. This was a successful meeting both because of the number and the quality of participants, all of whom were professionals and specialists in translation, terminologists and machine translation researchers from European and Arab countries. It was a unique occurrence of its kind, as President of FIT Mme Anna Lilova pointed out in the opening session, because it is the first time that the Federation has organized such a meeting in an Arab country. Presentations dealt with three main topics, a day being devoted to each: (1) the status of the translator in the Arab countries; (2) the translator and MAT (machine­assisted translation); and (3) terminology work in the Arab countries.In Arab countries translation is a tradition going back to the Abbasids, but even today it still does not have specific guidelines. Mr. Amid from UNESCO stressed the need for legislation, with the help of translation institutions, which would protect the rights of the translator. Mr. Rene Haeseryn, Secretary-General of FIT, in his presentation on "The FIT and its Main Role in the World Translation Movement;' pointed out the humanist goals of the Federation and its role in the protection of translators' rights. "We should protect the translators' rights, but also prepare him for the main choices of the future" was the primary concern which emerged from these working meetings. "Translation is a profession which presupposes training according to a well-thought out methodology" was the theme of various comtributions from the floor. Therefore, we should develop appropriate training suited to the needs and harmonize it in the various Arab countries. Also,· thanks to new technology, the profession of translation is now seeing its image change. The presentation by Veronica Lawson (FIT) of various systems (machine translation with or without human assistance) enabled us to gauge the progress made. But is the translator of Arabic ready to take up the challenge of machine translation? ...

The Status of Franchising Laws in the Arab Region: Traditional Rules and New Legislative Enactments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Mohammed Y. Mattar
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Arab Country ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
The Status

Abstract There has been a vast and rapid growth in the franchising business in the countries of the Middle East. The purpose of this article is to examine the status of franchising laws in the Arab World with particular focus on the commercial relationship between a franchisor and a franchisee. Most Arab countries rely on the traditional commercial agency laws to regulate the franchising business. These are designed to protect the interest of the national franchisee. Saudi Arabia is the first Arab country to adopt a comprehensive and independent law in the Arab region, while other countries rely on a code of conduct, an application of the distribution trade law or the implementation of the general rule of commercial agency. Saudi Arabia provides a detailed account of the franchising business, its establishment and its operation in an attempt to balance the interest of both, the franchisor and the franchisee.

scholarly journals Survey Research in the Arab World: Challenges and Opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (03) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay J. Benstead
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Country ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
National Data ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Cross National

ABSTRACTSurvey research has expanded in the Arab world since the 1980s. The Arab Spring marked a watershed when surveying became possible in Tunisia and Libya, and researchers added additional questions needed to answer theoretical and policy questions. Almost every Arab country now is included in the Arab Barometer or World Values Survey. Yet, some scholars express the view that the Arab survey context is more challenging than that of other regions or that respondents will not answer honestly, due to authoritarianism. I argue that this position reflects biases that assume “Arab exceptionalism” more than fair and objective assessments of data quality. Based on cross-national data analysis, I found evidence of systematically missing data in all regions and political regimes globally. These challenges and the increasing openness of some Arab countries to survey research should spur studies on the data-collection process in the Middle East and beyond.

scholarly journals Bibliometric analysis of Cardiovascular Disease Research Activity in the Arab World

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein H Khachfe ◽  
Marwan M Refaat
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Disease Research ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
The World ◽  
Number Of Publications

Background and Objectives: There is an increased number of non-communicable diseases i.e. chronic disease such as cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in the Arab World. In this article, we will be aiming to measure the activity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) research via publications that have been released in the Arab World over the last 15 years.Methods: Search using Medline (via Ovid and PubMed) and EMBASE was used for this study. Publications related to cardiology/cardiovascular disease according to author origin/affiliation were collected from the 22 Arab countries between 2002 and 2016 (inclusive).Results: The Arab world only produced 1% of the total percentage of CVD publications over the interval of our study. There was however, an increase in the number of publications in recent years. Qatar and Lebanon had the highest ratio for CVD to Non-CVD publications released. Qatar had the highest number of publications per million persons. Tunisia had the highest number of publications per GDP (in US Billion Dollars).Conclusions: Overall, the Arab countries still lag behind other parts of the world in terms of CVD research activity. Five countries are responsible for the majority of publications.

scholarly journals Constitutional Matters: Women, State, Law, and Constitutions in the Aftermath of the Arab Uprisings

1970 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Suad Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Arab Spring ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Country ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Arab Spring

Following the Arab Spring in 2011, constitutions and constitutional reforms were everywhere in the air in the Arab world. Constitutional matters were a must in critical conversations on women and gender rights in the Arab world at that historic moment. Egypt has reworked its constitution more than once since 2011. Constitutional debates mixed with debates about law and family codes were engaging diverse publics in Algeria, Iraq, Morocco, Tunisia — and always in Lebanon — as well as many other Arab countries. Regardless of whether in a particular Arab country constitutions are changing or even the possibility of constitutional change is being discussed, it remains the case that constitutions are useful projects to think with and to think through for understanding gender, rights, and other key social issues.

scholarly journals ‘Why Do You Ask?’ The Nature and Impacts of Attitudes towards Public Opinion Surveys in the Arab World

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin J. Gengler ◽  
Mark Tessler ◽  
Russell Lucas ◽  
Jonathan Forney
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Country ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Public Opinion Surveys ◽  
Democratic Polity ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
The Impact

Abstract For the first time in an Arab country, this article examines attitudes toward public opinion surveys and their effects on survey-taking behavior. The study uses original survey data from Qatar, the diverse population of which permits comparisons across cultural–geographical groupings within a single, non-democratic polity. The authors find that Qatari and expatriate Arabs hold positive views of surveys, both in absolute terms and relative to individuals from non-Arab countries. Factor analysis reveals that the underlying dimensions of survey attitudes in Qatar mostly mirror those identified in Western settings, but a new dimension is discovered that captures the perceived intentions of surveys. Two embedded experiments assess the impact of survey attitudes. The results show that generalized attitudes toward surveys affect respondents’ willingness to participate both alone and in combination with surveys' objective attributes. The study also finds that negative views about survey reliability and intentions increase motivated under-reporting among Arab respondents, whereas non-Arabs are sensitive only to perceived cognitive and time costs. These findings have direct implications for consumers and producers of Arab survey data.

scholarly journals Familial Mediterranean fever research activity in the Arab World: the need for regional and international collaborations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Assouad ◽  
Said El Hage ◽  
Steven Safi ◽  
Antonio El Kareh ◽  
Elie Mokled ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Familial Mediterranean Fever ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Average Population ◽  
International Collaborations ◽  
Mediterranean Fever ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Average Population Size

Background: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory, multisystem disease affecting the populations of the Mediterranean basin. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the research input of Arab countries on FMF between 2004 and 2019. Methods: The Medline database (PubMed) was accessed for FMF-related publications. The number of publications was normalized to average: population size, GDP and number of physicians for every country. VOSViewer was used to create a co-occurrence bibliographic map. Results: Between 2004 and 2019, 69 articles relating to FMF were published in the Arab world, accounting for 0.03% of the total number of publications originating in Arab countries, and 3.60% of all articles relating to FMF worldwide. After normalizing to average population size, GDP and number of physicians, Lebanon ranked first with 4.44, 0.64 and 1.99 publications per million persons respectively. Moderate positive correlations were found between number of publications and average population size (r = 0.385) and average number of physicians (r = 0.513). Half of the articles were published in journals ranked Q1 and Q2. An abundance of keywords relating to genetics hint at a main focus on the genetic aspect of the disease. Conclusion: The low number of publications could be a result of the absence of research funding and the political and military instability in the Arab world. Given that many articles were published in high quality journals, Arab countries should focus on providing a clinical aspect to their studies and working on regional and international collaborations.

scholarly journals Atrial Fibrillation in the Arab World: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Activity from 2004 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Dany Akiki ◽  
Said El Hage ◽  
Elias Wakim ◽  
Steven Safi ◽  
Elise Assouad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Number Of Publications

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is in an increasing pattern worldwide, especially in the Arab world. Objective: The aim of this article is to assess AF research activity in the Arab countries over the past 16 years, taking into consideration the population size, gross domestic product (GDP) and disability-adjusted life years (DALY). Methods: Atrial fibrillation related research articles published from Arab countries between 2004 and 2019 were collected from the MEDLINE database and are cited online on PubMed. Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms related to the subject, the origin and the date of publication were used to search for the published articles. Results: The number of AF related publications in the Arab world over the past 16 years was only 283 (0.73%) out of a total of 38,983 publications worldwide. Saudi Arabia ranked first in terms of number of AF related publications, followed by Egypt. Lebanon is the country with the highest number of publications per USD billion GDP, while Egypt and Saudi Arabia have the highest number of publications per 1% DALYs. According to the population size, Qatar and Bahrain produced the highest number of publications per million persons (PPMP). A strong and positive correlation was found between the number of publications and the GDP. The population size and the percentage of DALY showed positive yet weak correlation. Conclusion: A slight increase in AF related publications is observed. Nonetheless, AF research activity in the Arab world is still insufficient.

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