scholarly journals Silicon and Oxygen Synergistic Effects for Discovery of New High-Performance Nonfullerene Acceptors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Qin ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Jia Yao ◽  
Yue Zhou ◽  
Yulin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Electronics ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Potential Donor ◽  
Photovoltaic Materials ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fused Ring

Abstract In organic electronics, aromatic fused-ring is the basic unit that provides π-electrons to construct solution-processable, lightweight, flexible semiconductors and governs the device performance in a wide range of new technologies. The main challenge on developing new π-skeletons for tuning the material properties is the limitation of available chemical approach. Herein, we addressed the problems on chemical synthesis and for the first time successfully synthesized two pentacyclic siloxy-bridged π-conjugated isomers (SiO5T-5 & SiO5T-10), for investigating the synergistic effects of Si and O atoms on the geometric and electronic influence of the π-units in organic electronics. Notably, the synthesis routes for both of SiO5T-5 and SiO5T-10 possess several advantages over the previous approaches for delivering conventional aromatic fused-ring such as environmentally benign tin-free synthesis, and less synthetic steps. To explore its potential application as photovoltaic materials, two isomeric A-D-A acceptors based on these two SiO5Ts isomers were developed, showing a decent device efficiency of 10%, which is higher than those of carbon and carbon-oxygen analogue-based PSCs. Our study indicates that the siloxy-bridged π-conjugated system is a potential donor core for photovoltaic materials. The silicon and oxygen synergistic effects presented herein would bring new vigor and vitality for further improving the performance of organic solar cells.

scholarly journals Silicon and oxygen synergistic effects for the discovery of new high-performance nonfullerene acceptors

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Qin ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Jia Yao ◽  
Yue Zhou ◽  
Yongjoon Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Electronics ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Photovoltaic Materials ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Fused Ring ◽  
Donor Acceptor ◽  
Synthesis Routes

AbstractIn organic electronics, an aromatic fused ring is a basic unit that provides π-electrons to construct semiconductors and governs the device performance. The main challenge in developing new π-skeletons for tuning the material properties is the limitation of the available chemical approach. Herein, we successfully synthesize two pentacyclic siloxy-bridged π-conjugated isomers to investigate the synergistic effects of Si and O atoms on the geometric and electronic influence of π-units in organic electronics. Notably, the synthesis routes for both isomers possess several advantages over the previous approaches for delivering conventional aromatic fused-rings, such as environmentally benign tin-free synthesis and few synthetic steps. To explore their potential application as photovoltaic materials, two isomeric acceptor–donor–acceptor type acceptors based on these two isomers were developed, showing a decent device efficiency of 10%, which indicates the great potential of this SiO-bridged ladder-type unit for the development of new high-performance semiconductor materials.

scholarly journals Application Analysis of GPS Positioning Technology and GIS Based on Metamaterial in Forestry Engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 03059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhui Jiang ◽  
Qin Zong ◽  
Xinjie Deng
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Ecological Engineering ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Wide Range

Metamaterial refers to artificial composite materials that exhibit extraordinary physical properties that are not found in natural materials. The extraordinary characteristics of metamaterials are derived from the physical response caused by artificially prepared, special non-uniform intercalated structures. Under the rapid development of society and the continuous advancement and development of science and technology, GIS and GPS GIS technology as spatial information analysis technology has begun to develop rapidly and widely. The frequency response characteristics of metamaterials can be adjusted in a wide range according to their structural parameters, so we can design them to work in the frequency range we need through the basic unit structure parameters of metamaterials. Compared with the existing information management methods, the introduction and application of geographic information system technology can provide strong spatial data processing, analysis, query and maintenance capabilities for afforestation project management, and can provide an effective working platform and modern information technology support for obtaining information and decision analysis in the management process of forestry major ecological engineering projects. Based on metamaterials, starting from the advantages of GIS, this paper focuses on analyzing the specific application of GIS in forestry engineering planning and design, and systematically introduces GIS software application technology. To realize the digitalization and networking of forestry projects so as to play a more active role in improving the modern management level of forestry ecological projects in China through the application and demonstration of high and new technologies.

Organic Photovoltaic Electron Acceptors Behaving Aggregation-Induced Emission for Reduced Nonradiative Recombination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yawen Li ◽  
Yihang Zhang ◽  
Xia Zuo ◽  
Yuze Lin
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Organic Photovoltaic ◽  
Nonradiative Recombination ◽  
Aggregation Induced Emission ◽  
Photovoltaic Materials ◽  
Fused Ring

We introduce a facile method to attach aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties to fused ring electron acceptors by tetraphenylethylene decoration. Organic solar cells (OSCs) based on the AIE photovoltaic materials showed...

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) for Inclusive Human Development: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Gulati ◽  
Manveen Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Work Family

Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) adoption is increasing globally for human development because of its potential affect in many aspects of economic and societal activities such as GDP growth, employment, productivity, poverty alleviation, quality of life, education, clean water and sanitation, clean energy, and healthcare. Adoption of new technologies has been the main challenge in rural areas and is the main reason for the growing gap between rural and urban economy. The work related ICT use have also yielded mixed results; some studies show the individual’s perceived work-family conflict, negative cognitive responses e.g. techno stress while others show increased productivity, improved job satisfaction and work-family balance due to flexible work timings. This paper attempts to understand the role of ICT in human development areas of health, education and citizen empowerment taking into consideration of digital divide which exists in geographic area and within the communities through literature review.

Site specific agricultural soil management with the use of new technologies

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Interface ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Variation ◽  
Soil Information ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Agricultural Areas

<p>The Soil Science Institute of Thessaloniki produces new digitized Soil Maps that provide a useful electronic database for the spatial representation of the soil variation within a region, based on in situ soil sampling, laboratory analyses, GIS techniques and plant nutrition mathematical models, coupled with the local land cadastre. The novelty of these studies is that local agronomists have immediate access to a wide range of soil information by clicking on a field parcel shown in this digital interface and, therefore, can suggest an appropriate treatment (e.g. liming, manure incorporation, desalination, application of proper type and quantity of fertilizer) depending on the field conditions and cultivated crops. A specific case study is presented in the current work with regards to the construction of the digitized Soil Map of the regional unit of Kastoria. The potential of this map can easily be realized by the fact that the mapping of the physicochemical properties of the soils in this region provided delineation zones for differential fertilization management. An experiment was also conducted using remote sensing techniques for the enhancement of the fertilization advisory software database, which is a component of the digitized map, and the optimization of nitrogen management in agricultural areas.</p>

High-Performance and Low-Energy Loss Organic Solar Cells with Non-fused Ring Acceptor by Alkyl Chain Engineering

2021 ◽  
pp. 129768
Author(s):  
Dou Luo ◽  
Xue Lai ◽  
Nan Zheng ◽  
Chenghao Duan ◽  
Zhaojin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Fused Ring

scholarly journals Nanometals-Containing Polymeric Membranes for Purification Processes

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Anna Rabajczyk ◽  
Maria Zielecka ◽  
Krzysztof Cygańczuk ◽  
Łukasz Pastuszka ◽  
Leszek Jurecki
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type Size ◽  
Titanium Zinc ◽  
Membrane Surface Charge

A recent trend in the field of membrane research is the incorporation of nanoparticles into polymeric membranes, which could produce synergistic effects when using different types of materials. This paper discusses the effect of the introduction of different nanometals such as silver, iron, silica, aluminum, titanium, zinc, and copper and their oxides on the permeability, selectivity, hydrophilicity, conductivity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and antiviral and antibacterial properties of polymeric membranes. The effects of nanoparticle physicochemical properties, type, size, and concentration on a membrane’s intrinsic properties such as pore morphology, porosity, pore size, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, membrane surface charge, and roughness are discussed, and the performance of nanocomposite membranes in terms of flux permeation, contaminant rejection, and antifouling capability are reviewed. The wide range of nanocomposite membrane applications including desalination and removal of various contaminants in water-treatment processes are discussed.

Digital Authoritarianism and the Future of Human Rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Tiberiu Dragu ◽  
Yonatan Lupu
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Theoretic Model ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Human Rights Regime ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Strategic Context

Abstract How will advances in digital technology affect the future of human rights and authoritarian rule? Media figures, public intellectuals, and scholars have debated this relationship for decades, with some arguing that new technologies facilitate mobilization against the state and others countering that the same technologies allow authoritarians to strengthen their grip on power. We address this issue by analyzing the first game-theoretic model that accounts for the dual effects of technology within the strategic context of preventive repression. Our game-theoretical analysis suggests that technological developments may not be detrimental to authoritarian control and may, in fact, strengthen authoritarian control by facilitating a wide range of human rights abuses. We show that technological innovation leads to greater levels of abuses to prevent opposition groups from mobilizing and increases the likelihood that authoritarians will succeed in preventing such mobilization. These results have broad implications for the human rights regime, democratization efforts, and the interpretation of recent declines in violent human rights abuses.

Asymmetric and Halogenated Fused‐Ring Electron Acceptor for Efficient Organic Solar Cells

2021 ◽  
pp. 2102189
Author(s):  
Jinlong Cai ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Chuanhang Guo ◽  
Yuan Zhuang ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Fused Ring

scholarly journals Trans-Cinnamaldehyde Exhibits Synergy with Conventional Antibiotic against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2752
Author(s):  
Shu Wang ◽  
Ok-Hwa Kang ◽  
Dong-Yeul Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kill Curve ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics ◽  
Time Kill

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major nosocomial pathogen worldwide and has acquired multiple resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. Hence, there is a pressing need to explore novel strategies to overcome the increase in antimicrobial resistance. The present study aims to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of plant-derived antimicrobials, trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA) in decreasing MRSA’s resistance to eight conventional antibiotics. A checkerboard dilution test and time–kill curve assay are used to determine the synergistic effects of TCA combined with the antibiotics. The results indicated that TCA increased the antibacterial activity of the antibiotics by 2-16-fold. To study the mechanism of the synergism, we analyzed the mecA transcription gene and the penicillin-binding protein 2a level of MRSA treated with TCA by quantitative RT-PCR or Western blot assay. The gene transcription and the protein level were significantly inhibited. Additionally, it was verified that TCA can significantly inhibit the biofilm, which is highly resistant to antibiotics. The expression of the biofilm regulatory gene hld of MRSA after TCA treatment was also significantly downregulated. These findings suggest that TCA maybe is an exceptionally potent modulator of antibiotics.

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