The efficacy of NSAID in performance improving and pain management in military physical aptitude test. An observational study in the military medical personnel

Abstract Background The Chinese military is deepening the strenthening reform and enhancing physical training standards. The sudden increasing in training requirements and outline has increased the pressure of the logistics units, such as medical personnel. Using over-the-counter (OTC) analgesics, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the military physical aptitude test (MPAT), has been described as helpful for reducing of post-exercise myalgia (PEM) and improving performance. To verify this hypothesis, we designed and carried out this study. The objective was to explore the effect of NSAID in the performance improvement and relieving of PEM in MPAT. Methods The research subject were military medical personnels who participated in the 2020 winter MPAT in Xi'jing Hospital and Air Force Medical Center both affiliated to Air Force Medical University. The information was collected in the form of measure yourself medical outcome profile (MYMOP2) questionnaires. PEM was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Test scores including 3000m running and sit-ups were documented detailed. VAS assessment including muscles in lower extremities (LEs) as well as Abdominals (ABs). One of the most commonly used NSAID in clinical practice, etocoxib, was used as an intervention agent in this study. Participants were divided into group A (etoricoxib group) and group B (control group). Given that training intensity and training habits as a impact on outcomes, hence, according to whether they persisted in physical exercise for more than three months, they were subclassified as two subsets: continuous exercise group (A1 and B1), no exercise group (A2 and B2). General information including gender, height, weight and BMI were recorded. MPAT results and PEM were compared and analysised between and within groups. Results A sample of 97 participants were recruited. 41 people were classified as group A, while other 56 people in group B. They were further subdivided into A1 (17 cases) and B1 (27 cases) who had been exercising consistently; A2 (24 cases) and B2 (32 cases) groups that were not. The results showed that MPAT scores in the etoricoxib group are indeed better than those in the no-drug group. Similarly, the VAS score in group A was lower than group B, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The overall results revealed potential effective for pain relief and performance, which meet the hypothesis. The comparison between subgroups showed that NSAID could alleviate PEM after MPAT regardless of whether exercise was insisted or not. Meanwhile, NSAID improved performance in the muscle explosiveness items (sit-ups), which is prone to cause PEM. However, for endurance items (3000m running), as a matter of fact, continuous physical training maybe demonstrated more effective. Conclusion Taking NSAID while participating in MPAT, overall, did improve test scores and alleviate PEM, especially in the explosive force testing projects. Nevertheless, physical training may be more effective in enhancing endurance. To sum up, whether this practice will bring additional harm to the body and worthy of promoting, still needs further research.

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COMMENTS ON DR. KLEIN'S PAPER

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.51.2.390 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 390-390

Keyword(s):

Air Force ◽

Streptococcal Infection ◽

Staphylococcal Infection ◽

Klein Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Air Force Base ◽

Group B ◽

Antibiotic Ointment ◽

Boston Hospital

Dr. Ribble: In this study was the umbilicus included in bathing of the "diaper area"? Dr. Klein: Yes. Dr. Ribble: Have epidemics of streptococcal disease occured in nurseries in which hexachlorophene bathing was being carried out? Dr. Klein: Group B beta hemolytic streptococcal infections have been reported in nurseries where hexachlorophene bathing was being used. Dr. Schaberg: We have had cultural evidence of the presence of Group A streptococcal infection in infants on hexachlorophene bathing, and another Boston hospital had a nursery epidemic of Group A streptococcal infection in 1967 while using hexachlorophene bathing. Dr. Gezon: Mortimer also reported an epidemic occurring in a nursery where only the babies' faces were washed with hexachlorophene. Leadbetter's data from Lackland Air Force Base showed that he was unable to stop an epidemic of staphylococcal infection with intensive hexachlorophene bathing, including washing the umbilicus three times a day with hexachlorophene. He was also unable to get a significant difference in colonization rates when half the infants were washed with hexachlorophene and half were not. Dr. Gezon: Attention to the umbilicus is very important in controlling staphylococcal infection in the newborn. Jellard has shown this with triple dye, Gillespie with hexachlorophene powder, and Mortimer with antibiotic ointment applied to the umbilicus.

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Air Force Medical Personnel: Perspectives Across Deployment

Military Medicine ◽

10.1093/milmed/usaa115 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 185 (9-10) ◽

pp. e1632-e1639

Author(s):

Brian A Moore ◽

Willie J Hale ◽

Jason L Judkins ◽

Cynthia L Lancaster ◽

Monty T Baker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Force ◽

Military Service ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Service Members ◽

Medical Provider ◽

Team Members ◽

Military Service Members ◽

Group Interviews ◽

The Military ◽

Research Psychologist

Abstract Introduction Contingency operations during the past 18 years have exposed millions of U.S. military service members to numerous combat and operational stressors. Despite this, a relative dearth of literature has focused on the experiences of deployed military medical personnel. As such, the present study aimed to address this gap in the literature by conducting individual and small group interviews with Air Force medical personnel who had recently returned from a deployment to Iraq. Interviews targeted self-reported factors related to psychological risk and resiliency across the deployment cycle, while also seeking recommendations for future military medical personnel preparing for medical deployments. Materials and Methods Inductive thematic analyses were conducted on transcripts from 12 individual and structured group interviews conducted with recently deployed U.S. Air Force medical personnel (N = 28). An interview script consisting of 18 prompts was carefully developed based on the experiences of study personnel. Two team members (n = 1 research psychologist; n = 1 military medical provider) coded exemplars from interview transcripts. A third team member (research psychologist) reviewed coded exemplars for consistency and retained themes when saturation was reached. Results In total we report on 6 primary themes. Participants reported feeling prepared to conduct their mission while deployed but often felt unprepared for the positions they assumed and the traumas they commonly experienced. Most participants reported deployment to be a rewarding experience, citing leader engagement, and social support as key protective factors against deployment-related stressors. Finally, following deployment, participants largely reported positive experiences reintegrating with their families but struggled to reintegrate into their workplace. Conclusion Findings from the present study indicate that the military is largely doing a good job preparing Air Force medical providers to deploy. Results of the present study indicate that military medical personnel would benefit from: (1) increased predictability surrounding deployment timelines, (2) improved cross-cultural training, (3) advanced training for atypical injuries in unconventional patient populations, and (4) improvements in postdeployment workplace reintegration. The present research has the potential to positively impact the overall quality of life for deploying military service members and their families; while simultaneously highlighting the successes and shortfalls in the deployment process for U.S. military medical personnel.

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Effect of Pilates exercise on the level of fatigue, cognition and knee proprioception in the elderly population of 60-80 years

International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research ◽

10.16965/ijpr.2020.188 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 3774-3779

Author(s):

Shradha Santosh Shah ◽

◽

Sandhya Wasnik ◽

Keyword(s):

Elderly Population ◽

The Elderly ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Strengthening Exercises ◽

Group A ◽

Randomized Control ◽

Group B ◽

Experimental Group

Aim: To evaluate the effect of Pilates exercise on the level of fatigue, cognition and knee proprioception in elderly population (60-80 years). Study design: experimental study; randomized control trial. Method: 40 subjects both male and female of age ranging from 60-80 years (66.578 ± 4.857 in group A and 69.4 ± 5.442 in group B) were assigned in to two groups. The objective of the study was explained, and the subjects were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pre-interventional and post-interventional data analysis was done for FSS, 6MWT, MoCA and KJPS error angle. Group A (Experimental group) received Pilates exercise. Group B (control group) received aerobic and strengthening exercises. Both the groups underwent exercises 3 times a week on alternate days for 6 weeks. Duration of exercise for both groups was 45-60 minutes. Results: Both the groups showed clinically and statistically significant improvement in FSS (p<0.0001 in both groups) 6MWT (p<0.0001 in both groups), MoCA (p<0.001 in both groups) and KJPS scores (p<0.0002 in group A and p<0.0001 in group B) at the end of 6 weeks of treatment. There was no significant difference between the groups for FSS (p=0.7226), 6MWT (p=0.813), MoCA (p=0.416) and KJPS (p=0.6213). Conclusion: A significant improvement were observed in both the groups; which concluded that both the groups are equally effective in improvement of FSS, 6MWT, MoCA and KJPS scores. KEY WORDS: Pilates exercise, elderly population, fatigue, cognition, knee proprioception.

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Reading Comprehension and Three Modes of Prereading Assistance

Journal of Reading Behavior ◽

10.1080/10862967209547058 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 237-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Larry Andrews

Keyword(s):

Reading Comprehension ◽

Test Scores ◽

Silent Reading ◽

Seventh Graders ◽

Audio Recording ◽

Comprehension Score ◽

Group A ◽

Directed Reading ◽

Group B ◽

Selection Group

This study investigates relative effects of three modes of prereading assistance—Directed Reading Question, Cognitive Organizer, and a third mode combining the D.R.Q. and the CO.—upon seventh graders' comprehension of a prose selection. Prior to a silent reading of the task selection, Group A listened to an audio-recording of a DRQ; Group B listened to an audio-recording of the CO; Group C listened to a recording of both the DRQ and the CO. Following the silent reading, students completed a seven-item reading comprehension test. Test scores reveal significantly greater comprehension (.01) for the students who listened to the Cognitive Organizer. The DRQ group generated the lowest mean comprehension score. Cognitive Organizer appears to be a more significant prereading activity than does the traditional Directed Reading Question.

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Comparison by Objective Parameters in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis Managed Medically and Surgically (with and without Powered Instruments)

Allergy & Rhinology ◽

10.2500/ar.2016.7.0169 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. ar.2016.7.0169

Author(s):

Samarendra Behera ◽

Satyawati Mohindra ◽

Sourabha K. Patro ◽

Ashok K. Gupta

Keyword(s):

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Test Scores ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Sinus Surgery ◽

Clearance Time ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Treatment Surgery

Objective To compare mucociliary clearance time and quality of life in patients who underwent sinus surgery using conventional and powered instruments, and in patients who were treated nonsurgically. Methods A total of 151 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were included. Fifty-four patients were treated conservatively, 48 patients were managed surgically by using conventional instruments and 49 patients were managed by using a microdebrider. Kupferberg nasal endoscopy grades, 20-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test scores, Lund-Mackay scores, and mucociliary clearance time were analyzed. Results On comparison among the groups, it was found that there was a significant difference between group A (nonsurgically treated) compared with group B (surgery by conventional means) or group C (surgery with microdebrider) in nasal endoscopic grades, Lund-Mackay scores, 20-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test scores, and mucociliary clearance time. However, in comparison between groups B and C, there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion Mucociliary clearance time tended to recover after starting treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis both after conservative treatment and after surgical treatment. Surgery provided better improvement in different objective scores in chronic rhinosinusitis. There exists no statistical difference in parameters independent of the instrument used for surgery.

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Type of Physical Training and Selected Aspects of Psychological Functioning of Women with Obesity: A Randomised Trial

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13082555 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 2555

Author(s):

Monika Bąk-Sosnowska ◽

Magdalena Gruszczyńska ◽

Damian Skrypnik ◽

Sławomir Grzegorczyn ◽

Joanna Karolkiewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Strength Training ◽

Endurance Training ◽

Physical Training ◽

Body Shape ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Training Group ◽

Self Report ◽

Endurance Strength ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Objective: We conducted a prospective randomised trial to assess whether a specific type of regular physical training performed by women with obesity is related to obtaining specific psychological benefits. Methods: Forty-four women qualified for the study and were divided into two groups. The applied intervention consisted of regular three-month physical exercises in the form of endurance training (group A) or endurance strength training (group B). Initially, and after the completed intervention, we examined anthropometric measurements and the level of: stress (PSS-10), general self-esteem (SES), body self-report (BSQ–34, FRS), and behaviours associated with diet (TFEQ-18). Results: As a result of the intervention, both groups had significantly lower anthropometric parameters and FRS scores with regard to the current figure (gr. A:δ FRS CS −0.90 ± 0.83, p < 0.001; gr. B:δ FRS CS −0.41 ± 0.50, p = 0.01) and BSQ–34 results (gr. A:δ BSQ–34 −14.90 ± 13.5, p = 0.001; gr. B:δ BSQ–34 − 18.64 ± 25.4, p = 0.01). Additionally, an increase in cognitive restraint (δ TFEQ–18 CR1.65 ± 2.06, p = 0.01) and a decrease in emotional eating (δ TFEQ–18 EE −0.82 ± 1.28, p = 0.01) were observed in group B. There were no between-group differences in terms of the magnitude of changes achieved due to the intervention, except for asignificant improvement in the perception of their current figure (FRS) (δ FRSCS −0.90 ± 0.83, p = 0.03) in group A. Conclusions: Regular physical activity over a three-month period by women with obesity promotes the perception of their own body as slimmer and lowers body shape concerns. The change in body shape perception was more pronounced under the influence of endurance training than endurance strength training. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04793451.

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Type of physical training and selected aspects of psychological functioning of women with obesity: a randomised trial

10.21203/rs.2.20007/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Monika Bąk-Sosnowska ◽

Magdalena Gruszczyńska ◽

Damian Skrypnik ◽

Sławomir Grzegorczyn ◽

Joanna Karolkiewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Strength Training ◽

Endurance Training ◽

Physical Training ◽

Body Shape ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Training Group ◽

Endurance Strength ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Abstract Background: We have conducted a prospective randomised trial to check whether a specific type of regular physical training done by women with obesity is related to obtaining specific psychological benefits. Methods: Participants were patients of outpatient clinic suffering from obesity. Finally, 44 women were qualified for the study and divided into two groups: A (n=22) and B (n=22). The applied intervention consisted of regular 3-month physical exercises in the form of endurance training (group A) or endurance-strength training (group B). Initially and after the completed intervention, anthropometric measurements were carried out in each group (height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference), BMI and WHR were calculated, the level of psychological parameters was examined: stress (PSS-10), general self-esteem (SES), body self-report (BSQ–34, FRS), behaviours associated with diet (TFEQ-18). Results: At baseline, groups did not differ in age (A: M=51.3, SD=8.3 yrs.; B: M=48.2, SD=11.2 yrs.) and BMI (A: M=35.2, SD=3.9 kg/m2; B:M=34.9, SD=3.8 kg/m2). As a result of the intervention, both groups had significantly lower anthropometric parameters and FRS decreased significantly with regard to the current figure (gr. A: p<0.001; gr. B: p=0.01) and BSQ-34 result (gr. A: p=0.001; gr. B: p=0.01). Additionally, group B had lower results in TFEQ-18 in terms of cognitive restraint (p=0.01) and emotional eating (p=0.01). There were no differences between group A and B in terms of the magnitude of changes achieved due to the intervention, except from significant improvement (p=0.03) in group A in terms of perception of the current figure (FRS). Conclusions: Three-months long regular physical activity of women with obesity promotes the perception of own body as slimmer and lower body shape concerns. Endurance-strength training enhances cognitive and emotional control in the field of nutrition, it also seems more beneficial in reducing stress levels. In turn, the change in body shape is more noticed under the influence of endurance training. Trial registration: Clinical Trials NCT03444207 Keywords: obesity, physical activity, psychological aspects, body image

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Effectiveness of Whatsapp as a Teaching Learning Tool for Problem Based Learning in Pharmacology: A Quasi-experimental Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/51256.15568 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Parama Sengupta ◽

Tania Sur

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Test Scores ◽

Instant Messaging ◽

Problem Based Learning ◽

P Value ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Teaching Learning

Introduction: Instant Messaging Applications (IMAs) like Whatsapp has changed our lives including medical education in many ways. Aim: To explore and compare the effectiveness and acceptability of Whatsapp as a Teaching Learning (TL) tool for Small Group Learning (SGL) sessions when compared with traditional classroom based learning SGL sessions, for a specific topic (pharmacokinetics) in Pharmacology in Problem Based Learning (PBL) sessions. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in a tertiary care government medical college in Eastern India on second phase Bachelors of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) students in the year 2021 over a period of five weeks (from March to April 2021). After Didactic Lecture (DL) on the topic, the willing students were randomly divided into two groups, group A (n=46) and group B (n=45). Then group A and group B students attended classroom based and Whatsapp based SGL sessions, respectively, for a period of five consecutive days on "Pharmacokinetics" using PBL method. Students appeared for a Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) based examination (predecided and prevalidated) of 30 marks before and after the SGL sessions. Next, group A students attended Whatsapp based PBL session on the same topic in the same manner as group B and vice-versa. Finally the students filled in a feedback form using a 5-point Likert scale. Results: The post-test scores for both the groups were significantly better compared to the pretest scores; however, there were no significant differences in the post-test scores of both the groups. Regarding students’ feedback on the type of SGL, except for enjoyment (p-value=0.0345) and interactiveness (p-value=0.022), there were no significant differences between the two group scores. The students significantly preferred combination of both types of SGL to either of them (p-value=0.001). Conclusion: In this study, Whatsapp based SGL showed comparable effectiveness as classroom based SGL as measured in terms of MCQ based examination scores. Except for interactiveness and interest, classroom based SGL was equally acceptable to the students as Whatsapp based SGL. Interestingly, the students preferred a combination of both the type of SGL to either of them on the particular topic of Pharmacology.

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Chronic venous insufficiency: a new concept to understand pathophysiology at the microvascular level - a pilot study

Perfusion ◽

10.1177/0267659118791682 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 84-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Omar Mutlak ◽

Mohammed Aslam ◽

Nigel J. Standfield

Keyword(s):

Chronic Venous Insufficiency ◽

Venous Insufficiency ◽

Tissue Oxygenation ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Ankle Brachial Pressure Index ◽

Duplex Scan ◽

Pressure Index ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

In The Beginning

Objectives: The real mechanism for the development of the later stages of chronic venous insufficiency still remains unclear. Venous hypervolemia and microvascular ischemia have been reported to be the consequences of venous insufficiency. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of induced venous hypovolemia by dorsiflexion exercise in patients with venous leg ulcers. Methods: Thirty-six participants, all of whom had an ankle brachial pressure index between 0.8 and 1.2 mmHg, were chosen for this study. The participants were divided into two groups: Group A, a non-exercise group and Group B which performed regular exercise in the form of dorsiflexion. The basic assessment, including the history and examination, ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI), Duplex scan and tcPO2 measurements, was performed on two occasions at the beginning of the trial and after three months. Results: The tcPO2 level was low in the beginning in all the subjects, but the picture was different at the end of the trial. There was a significant increase in the tcPO2 level (p<0.001) in the patients who performed exercise while there was no difference in the measurements (p>0.05) in the non-exercise group. Conclusions: Induced venous hypovolemia through regular evacuation of the peripheral venous system improved tissue oxygenation at skin level. Venous hypervolemia may be the main contributing factor for the development of venous hypoxia and microvascular ischemia.

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Multiphasic personality inventory on pneumo-or hemo-thorax: Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of military candidate in Korea

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.622 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s498-s499

Author(s):

B. Nam ◽

M.C. Ahn ◽

T. Kim

Keyword(s):

Chest Tube ◽

Wedge Resection ◽

Personality Inventory ◽

Control Group ◽

Tube Insertion ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Conservative Care ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

The Military

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify association between pneumo- or hemo-thorax and psychological distress using the Military Personality Inventory (MPI).MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 19-yr-old examinees who were admitted to the Military Manpower Administration in Korea from February 2009 to January 2010. A total number of 1955 young men were enrolled in this study. The normal volunteer group (n = 1561) comprise individuals who did not have pneumo- or hemo-thorax. The pneumo- or hemo-thorax group (n = 394) included individuals with pneumo- or hemo-thorax. This group was divided into two subgroups, group A (treated with conservative care or chest tube insertion, n = 341) and group B (treated with wedge resection, n = 53).ResultsWe compared each of three groups (Control group, Group A, Group B) using the analysis of covariant (ANCOVA). The somatization subscale score of the neurosis category was significantly higher for group A (P < 0.001) and showed higher tendency for Group B than the control group (P = 0.073). The other categories (validity scale; anxiety, depression, and personality disorder subscales for neurosis scale; and psychopath scale) showed no significant difference in the MPI among Group A, Group B and Control group.ConclusionConservative care or chest tube insertion group had higher somatization symptoms than control group. Wedge resection group had higher somatization tendency than control group. Individuals with pneumo- or hemo-thorax history may be concerned about their body shape or their general condition. Therefore, supportive intervention and psychiatric education may be needed for them to relieve somatic distress.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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