scholarly journals Type of Physical Training and Selected Aspects of Psychological Functioning of Women with Obesity: A Randomised Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2555
Author(s):  
Monika Bąk-Sosnowska ◽  
Magdalena Gruszczyńska ◽  
Damian Skrypnik ◽  
Sławomir Grzegorczyn ◽  
Joanna Karolkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Endurance Strength ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: We conducted a prospective randomised trial to assess whether a specific type of regular physical training performed by women with obesity is related to obtaining specific psychological benefits. Methods: Forty-four women qualified for the study and were divided into two groups. The applied intervention consisted of regular three-month physical exercises in the form of endurance training (group A) or endurance strength training (group B). Initially, and after the completed intervention, we examined anthropometric measurements and the level of: stress (PSS-10), general self-esteem (SES), body self-report (BSQ–34, FRS), and behaviours associated with diet (TFEQ-18). Results: As a result of the intervention, both groups had significantly lower anthropometric parameters and FRS scores with regard to the current figure (gr. A:δ FRS CS −0.90 ± 0.83, p < 0.001; gr. B:δ FRS CS −0.41 ± 0.50, p = 0.01) and BSQ–34 results (gr. A:δ BSQ–34 −14.90 ± 13.5, p = 0.001; gr. B:δ BSQ–34 − 18.64 ± 25.4, p = 0.01). Additionally, an increase in cognitive restraint (δ TFEQ–18 CR1.65 ± 2.06, p = 0.01) and a decrease in emotional eating (δ TFEQ–18 EE −0.82 ± 1.28, p = 0.01) were observed in group B. There were no between-group differences in terms of the magnitude of changes achieved due to the intervention, except for asignificant improvement in the perception of their current figure (FRS) (δ FRSCS −0.90 ± 0.83, p = 0.03) in group A. Conclusions: Regular physical activity over a three-month period by women with obesity promotes the perception of their own body as slimmer and lowers body shape concerns. The change in body shape perception was more pronounced under the influence of endurance training than endurance strength training. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04793451.

scholarly journals Type of physical training and selected aspects of psychological functioning of women with obesity: a randomised trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Bąk-Sosnowska ◽  
Magdalena Gruszczyńska ◽  
Damian Skrypnik ◽  
Sławomir Grzegorczyn ◽  
Joanna Karolkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Endurance Strength ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: We have conducted a prospective randomised trial to check whether a specific type of regular physical training done by women with obesity is related to obtaining specific psychological benefits. Methods: Participants were patients of outpatient clinic suffering from obesity. Finally, 44 women were qualified for the study and divided into two groups: A (n=22) and B (n=22). The applied intervention consisted of regular 3-month physical exercises in the form of endurance training (group A) or endurance-strength training (group B). Initially and after the completed intervention, anthropometric measurements were carried out in each group (height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference), BMI and WHR were calculated, the level of psychological parameters was examined: stress (PSS-10), general self-esteem (SES), body self-report (BSQ–34, FRS), behaviours associated with diet (TFEQ-18). Results: At baseline, groups did not differ in age (A: M=51.3, SD=8.3 yrs.; B: M=48.2, SD=11.2 yrs.) and BMI (A: M=35.2, SD=3.9 kg/m2; B:M=34.9, SD=3.8 kg/m2). As a result of the intervention, both groups had significantly lower anthropometric parameters and FRS decreased significantly with regard to the current figure (gr. A: p<0.001; gr. B: p=0.01) and BSQ-34 result (gr. A: p=0.001; gr. B: p=0.01). Additionally, group B had lower results in TFEQ-18 in terms of cognitive restraint (p=0.01) and emotional eating (p=0.01). There were no differences between group A and B in terms of the magnitude of changes achieved due to the intervention, except from significant improvement (p=0.03) in group A in terms of perception of the current figure (FRS). Conclusions: Three-months long regular physical activity of women with obesity promotes the perception of own body as slimmer and lower body shape concerns. Endurance-strength training enhances cognitive and emotional control in the field of nutrition, it also seems more beneficial in reducing stress levels. In turn, the change in body shape is more noticed under the influence of endurance training. Trial registration: Clinical Trials NCT03444207 Keywords: obesity, physical activity, psychological aspects, body image

scholarly journals The effect of endurance and endurance-strength training on body composition and cardiometabolic markers in abdominally obese women: a randomised trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Jamka ◽  
Edyta Mądry ◽  
Patrycja Krzyżanowska-Jankowska ◽  
Damian Skrypnik ◽  
Monika Szulińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Endurance Strength ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Markers ◽  
Training Programmes

AbstractStudies comparing the effect of endurance and endurance-strength training on cardiometabolic markers provided inconsistent results. Therefore, the study aimed to compare the effect of endurance and endurance-strength training on body composition and cardiometabolic parameters in abdominally obese women. In this randomised trial, 101 subjects were included and divided into endurance (n = 52) and endurance-strength (n = 49) training. During the 12-week intervention, participants performed supervised one-hour training three times a week. Body composition, blood pressure (BP), markers of glucose and lipid homeostasis, and myoglobin levels were measured before and after the intervention. In total, 85 subjects completed the trial. Both interventions decreased fat mass and visceral adipose tissue and increased free fat mass, appendicular lean mass index and lean mass index. Neither endurance training nor endurance-strength training affected glucose and lipid metabolism. However, only endurance training significantly decreased paraoxonase and myoglobin levels. Both training programmes significantly decreased BP, with a more reduction of diastolic BP noted in the endurance group. In conclusion, both training programmes had a favourable effect on body composition but did not improve glucose and lipid homeostasis. Besides, endurance training decreased paraoxonase activity and myoglobin levels and was more effective in reducing BP.The study was registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) within the number: DRKS00019832 (retrospective registration), date of registration: 26/02/2020.

Training-induced alterations of the in vivo force-velocity relationship of human muscle

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. J. Caiozzo ◽  
J. J. Perrine ◽  
V. R. Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Training Group ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Velocity Relationship ◽  
Slow Velocity ◽  
Group A ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Group B ◽  
Relationship Of

Seventeen male and female subjects (ages 20–38 yr) were tested pre- and posttraining for maximal knee extension torque at seven specific velocities (0, 0.84, 1.68, 2.51, 3.35, 4.19, and 5.03 rad . s-1) with an isokinetic dynamometer. Maximal knee extension torques were recorded at a specific joint angle (0.52 rad below the horizontal plane) for all test speeds. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: group A, control, n = 7; group B, training at 1.68 rad . s-1, n = 5; or group C, training at 4.19 rad . s-1, n = 5. Subjects trained the knee extensors by performing two sets of 10 single maximal voluntary efforts three times a week for 4 wk. Before training, each training group exhibited a leveling-off of muscular tension in the slow velocity-high force region of the in vivo force-velocity relationship. Training at 1.68 rad . s-1 resulted in significant (P less than 0.05) improvements at all velocities except for 5.03 rad . s-1 and markedly affected the leveling-off in the slow velocity-high force region. Training at 4.19 rad . s-1 did not affect the leveling-off phenomenon but brought about significant improvements (P less than 0.05) at velocities of 2.51, 3.35, and 4.19 rad . s-1. The changes seen in the leveling-off phenomenon suggest that training at 1.68 rad . s-1 might have brought about an enhancement of motoneuron activation.

Video Tutorials Increase Precision in Minimally Invasive Surgery Training – a Prospective Randomised Trial and Follow-up Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 (02) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Michael Thomaschewski ◽  
Hamed Esnaashari ◽  
Anna Höfer ◽  
Lotta Renner ◽  
Claudia Benecke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive Surgery ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Invasive Surgery ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Prospective Randomised Trial ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Video Tutorials ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Simulation-based practice has become increasingly important in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) training. Nevertheless, personnel resources for demonstration and mentoring simulation-based practice are limited. Video tutorials could be a useful tool to overcome this dilemma. However, the effect of video tutorials on MIS training and improvement of MIS skills is unclear. Methods A prospective randomised trial (n = 24 MIS novices) was conducted. A video-trainer with three different tasks (#1 – 3) was used for standardised goal-directed MIS training. The subjects were randomised to two groups with standard instructional videos (group A, n = 12) versus comprehensive video tutorials for each training task watched at specific times of repetition (group B, n = 12). Performance was analysed using the MISTELS score. At the beginning and following the curriculum, an MIS cholecystectomy (CHE) was performed on a porcine organ model and analysed using the GOALS score. After 18 weeks, participants performed 10 repetitions of tasks #1 – 3 for follow-up analysis. Results More participants completed tasks #1 and #2 in group B (83.3 and 75%) than in group A (66.7 and 50%, ns). For task #2, there was a significant improvement in precision in group B (p < 0.001). For the entire cohort, the GOALS-Scores were 12.9 before and 18.9 after the curriculum (p < 0.001), with no significant difference between groups. Upon follow-up, 84.2% (task#1), 26.3% (task#2) and 100% (task#3) of MIS novices were able to reach the defined goals (A vs. B ns). There was a trend for a better MISTELS score in group B upon follow-up. Conclusions Standardised comprehensive video tutorials watched frequently throughout practice can significantly improve precision in MIC training. This aspect should be incorporated in MIS training.

Strength or Endurance Training for Undergraduate Music Majors at a University?

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwen Ackermann ◽  
Roger Adams ◽  
Elfreda Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Motion Field ◽  
Music Majors ◽  
Exercise Period

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effect of an exercise regimen for undergraduate music majors at a university, and to determine whether a short-term, moderate-intensity program designed to assist in their preparation for the athletic task of playing an instrument for many hours a day could be incorporated into their timetables and show strength gains. In this study, 18 volunteer university undergraduate music majors were randomly allocated into either six weeks of strength training or six weeks of endurance training of proximal upper-limb and trunk muscles. All subjects were measured over a six-week control period prior to the exercise period. Tests using both physical and self-report data were repeated on three separate occasions to determine whether training produced any effects over this period, and which form of training was the more effective. Physical testing data were collected by an independent tester who was blinded to the study condition. These data included Cybex dynamometer testing in two planes of shoulder motion, field measurements, and timing an isometric 90-degree forward flexion arm hold. Questionnaires were used to gather data on the frequency and severity of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders and on the perceived exertion of playing. Results indicated that the program produced significant strength gains in both field measurements and dynamometer testing in both exercise groups. While all field measurements of the actual exercises performed increased significantly over the exercise period, the dynamometer results showed a significant effect of the exercise program on the horizontal plane only, suggesting this group of musicians took a task-specific view of the exercises and focused more on their application of horizontal exercises, seeing the relevance in relation to playing an instrument. Vertical isokinetic measurements remained unchanged. Perceived exertion of playing was significantly reduced, with endurance training significantly better than strength training for achieving this result.

Knowledge transfer and retention of simulation-based learning for neurosurgical instruments: a randomised trial of perioperative nurses

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjstel-2019-000576
Author(s):  
David B Clarke ◽  
Alena I Galilee ◽  
Nelofar Kureshi ◽  
Murray Hong ◽  
Lynne Fenerty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Simulation Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perioperative Nurses ◽  
Instrument Recognition ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

IntroductionPrevious studies have shown that simulation is an acceptable method of training in nursing education. The objectives of this study were to determine the effectiveness of tablet-based simulation in learning neurosurgical instruments and to assess whether skills learnt in the simulation environment are transferred to a real clinical task and retained over time.MethodsA randomised controlled trial was conducted. Perioperative nurses completed three consecutive sessions of a simulation. Group A performed simulation tasks prior to identifying real instruments, whereas Group B (control group) was asked to identify real instruments prior to the simulation tasks. Both groups were reassessed for knowledge recall after 1 week.ResultsNinety-three nurses completed the study. Participants in Group A, who had received tablet-based simulation, were 23% quicker in identifying real instruments and did so with better accuracy (93.2% vs 80.6%, p<0.0001) than Group B. Furthermore, the simulation-based learning was retained at 7 days with 97.8% correct instrument recognition in Group A and 96.2% in Group B while maintaining both speed and accuracy.ConclusionThis is the first study to assess the effectiveness of tablet-based simulation training for instrument recognition by perioperative nurses. Our results demonstrate that instrument knowledge acquired through tablet-based simulation training results in improved identification and retained recognition of real instruments.

scholarly journals Intraoperative and Postoperative Analgesia Using Intravenous Opioid, Clonidine and Lignocaine

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. de Kock ◽  
P. Lavandhomme ◽  
J. L. Scholtes
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Skin Incision ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Colonic Surgery ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

The postoperative analgesia afforded after colonic surgery by IV opioid, clonidine and lignocaine given intra- and postoperatively was evaluated. In a double-blind randomised trial, 80 male patients scheduled for colonic resection under general anaesthesia received fentany 15 μg.kg−1 at induction and another 4 μg.kg−1 before skin incision (group A) or fentanyl (same dose) plus clonidine 4 μg.kg−1 in 20 min + 2 μg.kg−1.h−1 (group B, C) or fentanyl plus clonidine (same dosage) plus lignocaine 2 mg.kg−1 before skin incision, repeated before peritoneal incision and retractor placement (group D). In the four groups, intraoperative boluses of fentanyl 2 μg.kg−1 were given in response to the painful stimulation of the procedure. Postoperative pain was managed with PCA delivering 2 mg morphine per request in group A, 1.5 mg morphine in group B, 1.5 mg morphine + 15 μg clonidine in group C and 1.2 mg morphine + 15 μg clonidine + 23 mg lignocaine in group D. Postoperative analgesia was assessed by recording the analgesic demands (met and unmet) and the dose of morphine delivered at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 hours. Side-effects, pain and sedation analogue scores were also recorded. A nalgesic demands and delivered morphine dose were reduced, at any time interval considered, in groups B, C, D, compared with A (P <0.001). No differences were noted between the groups B, C, D. Pain analogue scores were better in groups B, C, D compared with group A (P <0.001). Sedation and side-effects were not increased in groups B, C, D. Intraoperative clonidine was the major determinant of the reduction in analgesic demands and morphine delivered. Lignocaine, at the dose used, failed to afford any additional benefit.

scholarly journals Effects of Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents on the Mental Health of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C: A Prospective Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Michele Fabrazzo ◽  
Rosa Zampino ◽  
Martina Vitrone ◽  
Gaia Sampogna ◽  
Lucia Del Gaudio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Direct Acting

In chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients, interferon-based treatments showed toxicity, limited efficacy, and psychiatric manifestations. Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents appeared safer, though it remains unclear if they may exacerbate or foster mood symptoms in drug-naïve CHC patients. We evaluated 62 CHC patients’ mental status, before and 12 weeks after DAA therapy, by assessment scales and psychometric instruments. We subdivided patients into two groups, CHC patients with (Group A) or without (Group B) a current and/or past psychiatric history. After DAA treatment, Group A patients showed low anxiety and improved depression, no variation in self-report distress, but worse general health perceptions. No significant difference emerged from coping strategies. Depression and anxiety improved in Group B, and no change emerged from total self-reported distress, except for somatization. Moreover, Group B increased problem-focused strategies for suppression of competing activities, and decreased strategies of instrumental social support. Contrarily, Group B reduced significantly emotion-focused strategies, such as acceptance and mental disengagement, and improved vitality, physical and social role functioning. DAA therapy is safe and free of hepatological and psychiatric side effects in CHC patients, regardless of current and/or past psychiatric history. In particular, patients without a psychiatric history also remarkably improved their quality of life.

scholarly journals Randomised trial of mefenamic acid versus tranexamic acid in management of menorrhagia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4608
Author(s):  
Madhu J. ◽  
Shylaja A. S.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Menstrual Blood ◽  
Menstrual Blood Loss ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
To Receive

Background: The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy of mefenamic acid, a non-inflammatory drug with tranexamic acid, an antifibrinolytic drug in management of menorrhaghia.Methods: Randomised trial of women attending outpatient department of St. Philomena’s hospital, Bangalore with complaints of menorrhagia. Fifty four patients with complaints of menorrhagia were randomly assigned to receive either mefenamic acid 500 mg tid (group A- 24 patients) or tranexamic acid 1 gm TID (group B- 26 patients) from day one to day five for three consecutive menstrual cycles.Results: Reduction in menstrual blood loss as assessed by pictoral blood loss assessment chart was more in group B (50%) than in Group A (30%) (ANOVA, covariates with F=59.647, p<0.001). Difference in improvement of dysmenorrhoea was not statistically significant (p=0.640). Side effects were less in group B compared to group A (p=0.271). Post treatment Hb% significantly improved in both groups (p=0.015 in group A, p<0.001 in gr B). Acceptability was statistically similar in both groups (p>0.05).Conclusions: Both mefenamic acid and tranexamic acid were effective in management of menorrhagia. Tranexamic acid was significantly superior to mefenamic acid in terms of reduction in menstrual blood loss.

scholarly journals Age-Related Perception of Stature, Acceptance of Therapy, and Psychosocial Functioning in Human Growth Hormone-Treated Girls with Turner’s Syndrome1

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 1494-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Lagrou ◽  
Danielle Xhrouet-Heinrichs ◽  
Claudine Heinrichs ◽  
Margarita Craen ◽  
Jean-Pierre Chanoine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Turner's Syndrome ◽  
Turner’S Syndrome ◽  
Gh Therapy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

This study evaluated the perception of stature, acceptance of therapy, and psychosocial functioning in relation to age at onset and time on treatment during 2 yr of GH therapy in 31 girls with Turner’s syndrome grouped by age (group A: 3.7–5.8 yr, n = 9; group B: 7.2–11.8 yr, n = 13; group C: 12.5–16.4 yr, n = 9). The growth response after 2 yr was significant in the 3 groups when calculated in terms of growth norms for untreated Turner girls (mean increase in height sd score: +1.2, +1.5, and +1.1, respectively). The effect was less marked in terms of growth norms for normal girls, particularly in group B (+0.5 sd score). Height was perceived as a problem by most patients, except in the youngest girls at the start of treatment (group A) and in the majority of the adolescents after 2 yr of GH therapy (group C), without evidence of relation to growth response during therapy. The GH injections were fairly well accepted by all patients, except those younger than 6 yr. In all patients, expected adult height was unrealistic and became more realistic with age, whereas no consistent changes were observed in relation to growth response to GH therapy. The Child Behavior Checklist revealed elevated mean scores at the behavioral subscales of attention problems (group A and B), social problems, withdrawal, and anxiety-depression (most obviously in group B). No significant changes were seen during GH therapy. In group C, an elevated mean social problem score at the Youth Self Report and a low mean social self-esteem score at the Self-Esteem Inventory were observed before therapy and showed a significant improvement during 2 yr of GH treatment. These results, however, might be biased due to an increase in social desirability during therapy. We conclude that the perception of height, acceptance of GH therapy, and psychosocial functioning in girls with Turner’s syndrome show important differences between age groups, with only slight changes observed during GH therapy.

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