scholarly journals Polarity Based Model for Guiding Medical School Strategy During Crisis - A Cross Sectional Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar A. Ahmed ◽  
Archana Prabu Kumar ◽  
Nourhan F. Wasfy ◽  
Nagwa N. Hegazy ◽  
Enjy Abouzeid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Private School ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Strategic Orientation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Reputation ◽  
Mission Teams ◽  
Virtual Mapping ◽  
Growth Methods ◽  
Enhancing Resources

Abstract Background: Crises like the COVID pandemic in academia can best be dealt with as a polarity that needs to be leveraged rather than a problem that needs to be solved. This work aimed at utilizing the Polarity Approach for Continuity and Transformation (PACT)™ to establish a guide for medical schools during times of crisis to minimize the effect of crisis-driven decisions on strategic growth. Methods: A qualitative study followed the 5-Steps of the PACT process was conducted. A virtual mapping session was held with 108 medical educators from 22 countries to determine the upsides and downsides of strategic orientation and crisis management subsequently. Results: Four polarity maps were generated identifying four tension areas; University reputation, mission, teams, and individuals followed by a 72-item assessment and another mapping session to map the warning signs and action steps. A comparison between private school scores and the whole cohort of respondents showed that private schools had higher scores in all tension areas but still showed the least score for the “teams” tension. Conclusion: This study highlighted the importance of taking measures to communicate the mission and supporting team functions inside universities either by enhancing resources or utilizing time and effort-saving strategies.

scholarly journals Model for Utilizing Distance Learning post COVID-19 using (PACT)™ A Cross Sectional Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar A Ahmed ◽  
Nagwa Nashat Hegazy ◽  
Hany W. Abdel Malak ◽  
Cliff W. Kayser ◽  
Noha M Elrafie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Face To Face Learning

Abstract BackgroundCOVID -19 pandemic pressured medical schools globally to shift to Distance learning (DL) as an alternative way to ensure that the content delivered is satisfactory for student progression.Aim of the workThis work aims at mapping priorities for post-COVID planning for better balance between distance learning and face to face learning.MethodsThis qualitative study aimed to develop a model for utilizing DL using The Polarity Approach for Continuity and Transformation (PACT)™. A virtual mapping session was held with 79 faculty from 19 countries. They worked in small groups to determine upsides and downsides of face-to-face and DL subsequently. An initial polarity map was generated identifying five tension areas; Faculty, Students, Curriculum, Social aspects and Logistics. A 63-item assessment tool was generated based on this map, piloted and then distributed as a self-administered assessment. The outcomes of this assessment were utilized for another mapping session to discuss warning signs and action steps to maintain upsides and avoid downsides of each pole.ResultsParticipants agreed that face-to-face teaching allows them to inspire students and have meaningful connections with them. They also agreed that DL provides a good environment for most students. However, students with financial challenges and special needs may not have equal opportunities to access technology. As regards social issues, participants agreed that face-to-face learning provides a better chance for professionalism through enhanced team-work. Cognitive, communication and clinical skills are best achieved in face-to-face. Participants agreed that logistics for conducting DL are much more complicated when compared to face-to-face learning. Participants identified around 10 warning signs for each method that need to be continuously monitored in order to minimize the drawbacks of over focusing on one pole at the expense of the other. Action steps were determined to ensure optimized use of in either method.ConclusionIn order to plan for the future, we need to understand the dynamics of education within the context of polarities. Educators need to understand that the choice of DL, although was imposed as a no-alternative solution during the COVID era, yet it has always existed as a possible alternative and will continue to exist after this era. The value of polarity mapping and leveraging allows us to maximize the benefit of each method and guide educators' decisions to minimize the downsides for the good of the learning process.

scholarly journals Model for utilizing distance learning post COVID-19 using (PACT)™ a cross sectional qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar A. Ahmed ◽  
Nagwa N. Hegazy ◽  
Hany W. Abdel Malak ◽  
W. Cliff Kayser ◽  
Noha M. Elrafie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Face To Face Learning

Abstract Background COVID − 19 pandemic pressured medical schools globally to shift to Distance learning (DL) as an alternative way to ensure that the content delivered is satisfactory for student progression. Aim of the work This work aims at mapping priorities for post-COVID planning for better balance between distance learning and face to face learning. Methods This qualitative study aimed to develop a model for utilizing DL using The Polarity Approach for Continuity and Transformation (PACT)™. A virtual mapping session was held with 79 faculty from 19 countries. They worked in small groups to determine upsides and downsides of face-to-face and DL subsequently. An initial polarity map was generated identifying five tension areas; Faculty, Students, Curriculum, Social aspects and Logistics. A 63-item assessment tool was generated based on this map, piloted and then distributed as a self-administered assessment. The outcomes of this assessment were utilized for another mapping session to discuss warning signs and action steps to maintain upsides and avoid downsides of each pole. Results Participants agreed that face-to-face teaching allows them to inspire students and have meaningful connections with them. They also agreed that DL provides a good environment for most students. However, students with financial challenges and special needs may not have equal opportunities to access technology. As regards social issues, participants agreed that face-to-face learning provides a better chance for professionalism through enhanced team-work. Cognitive, communication and clinical skills are best achieved in face-to-face. Participants agreed that logistics for conducting DL are much more complicated when compared to face-to-face learning. Participants identified around 10 warning signs for each method that need to be continuously monitored in order to minimize the drawbacks of over focusing on one pole at the expense of the other. Action steps were determined to ensure optimized use of in either method. Conclusion In order to plan for the future, we need to understand the dynamics of education within the context of polarities. Educators need to understand that the choice of DL, although was imposed as a no-alternative solution during the COVID era, yet it has always existed as a possible alternative and will continue to exist after this era. The value of polarity mapping and leveraging allows us to maximize the benefit of each method and guide educators’ decisions to minimize the downsides for the good of the learning process.

scholarly journals Model for Utilizing Distance Learning post COVID-19 using (PACT)™ A Cross Sectional Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar A Ahmed ◽  
Nagwa Nashat Hegazy ◽  
Hany W. Abdel Malak ◽  
Cliff W. Kayser ◽  
Noha M Elrafie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Face To Face Learning

Abstract Background COVID -19 pandemic pressured medical schools globally to shift to Distance learning (DL) as an alternative way to make sure that the content delivered is satisfactory for student progression.Methods This qualitative study aimed to develop a model for utilizing DL using The Polarity Approach for Continuity and Transformation (PACT)™. A virtual mapping session was held with 79 faculty from 19 countries. They worked in small groups to determine upsides and downsides of face-to-face and DL subsequently. An initial polarity map was generated identifying five tension areas; Faculty, Students, Curriculum, Social aspects and Logistics. A 32-item assessment tool was generated based on this map, piloted and then distributed as a self-administered assessment. The outcomes of this assessment were utilized for another mapping session to discuss warning signs and actions to maintain upsides and avoid downsides of each method.Results Participants agreed that face-to-face teaching allows them to inspire students and have meaningful connections with them. Participants agreed that DL provides a good environment for most students. However, students with financial challenges and special needs may not have equal chances to access technology. As regards social issues, participants agreed that face-to-face learning provides a better chance for professionalism through enhanced team-work. Cognitive, communication and clinical skills are best achieved in face-to-face. Participants agreed that logistics for conducting DL is much more complicated when compared to face-to-face learning. Participants identified around 10 warning signs for each method that need to be continuously monitored in order to minimize the drawbacks. Action steps were determined to ensure best experience in either method.Conclusion In order to plan for the future, we need to understand the dynamics of education within the context of polarities. Educators need to understand that the choice of DL, although was imposed as a no-alternative solution during the COVID era, yet it has always existed as a possible alternative and will continue to exist after this era. The value of polarity mapping and leveraging allows us to maximize the benefit of each method and guide educators' decisions to minimize the downsides for the good of the learning process.

CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS PROCESSADOS E ULTRAPROCESSADOS POR ESCOLARES DE ARROIO DO TIGRE, RS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Rubiane Inara Wagner ◽  
Patrícia Molz ◽  
Camila Schreiner Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Private School ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cereal Bars

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a frequência do consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados e verificar a associação entre estado nutricional por adolescentes do ensino público e privado do município de Arroio do Tigre, RS. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes, com idade entre 10 e 15 anos, de uma escola pública e uma privada de Arroio do Tigre, RS. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal. Aplicou-se um questionário de frequência alimentar contendo alimentos processados e ultraprocessados. A amostra foi composta por 64 adolescentes com idade média de 12,03±1,15 anos, sendo 53,1% da escola pública. A maioria dos adolescentes encontravam-se eutróficos (p=0,343), e quando comparado com o consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados, a maioria dos escolares eutróficos relataram maior frequência no consumo de balas e chicletes (50,0%) e barra de cereais (51,0%), de 1 a 3 vezes por semana (p=0,004; p=0,029, respectivamente). Houve também uma maior frequência de consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados como pizza (73,5%; p0,001), refrigerante (58,8%; p=0,036) e biscoito recheado (58,8%; p=0,008) entre 1 a 3 vezes por semana na escola pública em comparação a escola privada. O consumo de suco de pacote (p=0,013) foi relatado não ser consumido pela maioria dos alunos da escola particular em comparação a escola pública. Os dados encontrados evidenciam um consumo expressivo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados pelos adolescentes de ambas as escolas, destacando alimentos com alto teor de açúcar e sódio.Palavras-chave: Hábitos alimentares. Adolescentes. Alimentos industrializados. ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to compare the frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods and to verify the association between nutritional status by adolescents from public and private schools in the municipality of Arroio do Tigre, RS. This was a cross-sectional study conducted with adolescents, aged 10 to 15 years, from a public school and a private school in Arroio do Tigre, RS. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index. A food frequency questionnaire containing processed and ultraprocessed foods was applied. The sample consisted of 64 adolescents with a mean age of 12.03±1.15 years, 53.1% of the public school. Most of the adolescents were eutrophic (p=0.343), and when compared to the consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods, most eutrophic schoolchildren reported a higher frequency of bullets and chewing gum (50.0%) and cereal bars (51.0%), 1 to 3 times per week (p=0.004, p=0.029, respectively). There was also a higher frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods such as pizza (73.5%, p0.001), refrigerant (58.8%, p=0.036) and stuffed biscuit (58.8%, p=0.008) between 1 to 3 times a week in public school compared to private school. Consumption of packet juice (p=0.013) was reported not to be consumed by the majority of private school students compared to public school. Conclusion: The data found evidenced an expressive consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods by the adolescents of both schools, highlighting foods with high sugar and sodium content.Keywords: Food Habits. Adolescents. Industrialized Foods.

scholarly journals Factors associated with dating violence in young university students of Veracruz - Boca del Río

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S I Valencia Almeida ◽  
J E Villegas Domínguez ◽  
E A Villegas Vázquez ◽  
J C Leyva Chipol ◽  
F G Márquez Celedonio
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
University Students ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Private School ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Del Rio

Abstract Introduction In the Mexican - American population, violence occurs between 10 and 40% of initial affective relationships. Veracruz is one of the main Mexican states that suffers violence and is the one with the largest number of femicides (3.44 per 100,000 women). Research question: what are the associated factors in the victimization in the courtship of young university students from the Veracruz - Boca del Río conurbation zone? Methods A cross-sectional, prospective, observational and analytical study was conducted from August to November 2019. University students enrolled in a higher education educational program in public and private universities of Veracruz-Boca del Río, who have had the minus a dating relationship and those who did not agree to participate were excluded. Violence in dating was quantified with the “Questionnaire on Violence in Dating (CUVINO)” (Alfa Cronbach 0.91). The spss v22 software was used to analyze the data. Results 680 participants were included, distributed in private schools (56.47%) and public schools (43.52%), with 444 (65.2%) women and 236 (34.7%) men. The prevalence of dating violence was 74.9%, however, only 21.6% of the participants considered having had such a relationship. The factors associated with dating violence were studying in a private school (OR = 0.62 IC95% 0.4-0.9), witnessing some act of violence in your family (OR = 1.47 IC95% 1.02-2.12), meeting a friend with a relationship violent (OR = 2.0 95% CI 1.4-2.9), believe that abuse exists in courtship (OR = 4.7 95% CI 2.9-7.4) and suspect that you may be in a violent relationship (OR = 4.67 95% CI 2.22- 9.83), while not witnessing any act of violence in your family (OR = 0.61 95% CI 0.4-0.8) is a protective factor to avoid violence in dating, all these values with p < 0.05. It was not associated with violence. Conclusions Violence in dating is associated with behaviors of family members and friends of the violent. Key messages The social situation close to a person influences the violence allowed in their courtship. Young people normalize violence in a relationship, since many of them do not identify it when living it.

GENDER AND RURAL–URBAN DIFFERENCES IN THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF IN-SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS IN SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 653-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLAYINKA O. OMIGBODUN ◽  
KOFOWOROLA I. ADEDIRAN ◽  
JOSHUA O. AKINYEMI ◽  
AKINYINKA O. OMIGBODUN ◽  
BABATUNDE O. ADEDOKUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private Schools ◽  
Rural Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Low Bmi

SummaryThis study assessed gender and rural/urban differences in height and weight, and the prevalence of stunting, underweight and overweight of school-going adolescents in south-west Nigeria, using 2007 WHO reference values for comparison. The influence of sexual maturity and the socio-demographic correlates of growth performance were also examined. In this cross-sectional study, 924 male (51.4%) and 875 female (48.6%) students (1799 in total) aged 10–19 years from eighteen schools in Ibadan (five rural, nine urban public and four urban private) were interviewed and examined. Although males were significantly taller than females (p<0.05), stunting was more pronounced for males, who were 7.5 cm shorter than the 2007 WHO reference, compared with females who were 3.5 cm shorter. Body mass index (BMI) for girls was also greater than for boys (p<0.05). Rural adolescents had lower heights and BMIs compared with those in urban areas. The mean height of male adolescents in rural schools fell below 2 SDs of the 2007 WHO reference between 14 and 17 years, while heights of males and females in private schools were similar to the median 2007 WHO standard. Low height-for-age was observed in 282 adolescents (15.7%), which, after multivariate analysis, was significantly associated with school type, gender, number of mother's children and puberty onset. Adolescents in rural schools were much more likely to be stunted than those in urban private schools (AOR 13.1; 95% CI 5.2–33.2) and males were three times more likely to be stunted compared with females (AOR 3.3; 95% CI 2.4–1.4). Low BMI-for-age was observed in 240 adolescents (18.9%), with correlates similar to stunting. Adolescents at the pre-puberty stage were twice as likely to have low BMI-for-age (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.6–2.5) than those with signs of puberty. There were 2.3% overweight adolescents, who were significantly more likely to be female, in private school and post-pubertal. Innovative interventions for Nigerian adolescents, especially rural inhabitants and males, are needed to reduce the prevalence of stunting and underweight.

scholarly journals Integrating tobacco cessation into routine dental practice: protocol for a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e028792
Author(s):  
Rachana Shah ◽  
Rupal Shah ◽  
Sujal Shah ◽  
Upendra Bhojani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Data Saturation ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Indian City ◽  
The Government

IntroductionCombined efforts to encompass different aspects of tobacco control have been in place for some time. Despite the recognition of the need to offer support to tobacco users to quit tobacco use, such support remains highly inadequate in India. However, little is known about the practice of oral health professionals (OHP) and the experiences and expectations of dental patients in the context of tobacco cessation (TC) services. In this article, we describe the protocol of a doctoral research project that explores OHPs and their patients in an Indian city. The aims are (A) to understand the functioning of the oral healthcare system towards TC and what changes to it will be needed to benefit TC and (B) to capture the views of dental patients on TC services provided by OHPs.Methods and analysisA cross-sectional qualitative study based on individual interviews with OHPs and dental patients will be carried out in the city of Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. The OHP will be purposively selected from two major organisation types: (1) single-doctor dental clinics and (2) dental hospital attached to teaching institutions. The sample population will be divided into two subgroups: general OHP (dentists practising general dentistry irrespective of their qualification) and prosthodontists (dentists with a specialisation in prosthodontics). We will sample dental patients through convenient sampling from a public teaching hospital and select private dental care facilities. The sampling of OHPs and dental patients will continue until we reach data saturation. Interviews will be audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded by hand. The interview transcript will subsequently be analysed using thematic content analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe study received ethical approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee of the Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad. The findings will be disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications and to the study participants.

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