scholarly journals Effect of Regular Physical Activity and Lifestyle Changes on Insulin Resistance in Patients after Kidney Transplantation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graňák Karol ◽  
Vnučák Matej ◽  
Skálová Petra ◽  
Pytliaková Margaréta ◽  
Laca Ľudovít ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group

Abstract Introduction: Insulin resistance (IR) at the time of kidney transplant (KT) is the most significant risk factor for the development of post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) and is a strong predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients after KT. It is possible to improve long-term survival of grafts and patients by influencing just modifiable risk factors, including obesity and the associated IR. The aim of this work is to determine the effect of regular physical activity and lifestyle changes on IR and other risk factors for PTDM in patients after KT.Material and methods: The primary goal was to complete at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity physical exertion per week. Study group (n = 22) performed an aerobic or combined (aerobic + anaerobic) type of sports activity. Monitoring was provided by a sports tracker (Xiaomi Mi Band 4 compatible with Mi Fit mobile application). Control group was consisted of 22 stable patients after KT. Patients in both groups have the same immunosuppressive protocol. The duration of follow-up was 6 months.Results: There were significantly lower waist circumference (P = 0.0437, P = 0.0372), better graft function (P = 0.0036, P = 0.0137), lower value of fasting blood glucose (P = 0.0016, P = 0.0003), C-peptide (P = 0.0447, P = 0014) in the 3rd and 6th month of monitoring and lower low-density lipoprotein at 6 months (P = 0.0444) in the observed group compared to the control group. IR was statistically significantly lower at 6 months (P = 0.0202) and fasting blood glucose at 3 and 6 months (P = 0.0227) in the observed group. In the monitored group, the subgroup performing intensive training achieved a significant additional effect on the reduction of waist circumference (P = 0.0173). Conclusion: In our study, we confirmed a significant effect of regular physical activity in preventing the development of IR and impaired fasting glucose in patients after KT. It is necessary to perform at least 150 minutes of medium-intensity aerobic or combined sport effort per week to achieve this goal.

MO933EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND LIFESTYLE CHANGES ON INSULIN RESISTANCE IN PATIENTS AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Graňák ◽  
Vnucak Matej ◽  
Petra Skálová ◽  
Margaréta Pytliaková ◽  
Ľudovít Laca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Control Group

Abstract Background and Aims The incidence of post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) after kidney transplantation (KT) is high and ranges from 15-30%. Insulin resistance (IR) at the time of KT is the most significant risk factor for the development of PTDM in patients after KT, as demonstrated by several analyzes. It is possible to reduce the high incidence of PTDM by influencing just modifiable risk factors, including obesity and the associated IR. The aim of this work is to determine the effect of precisely determined physical activity and lifestyle changes on IR and other risk factors for PTDM in patients after KT. Method This is a prospective controlled analysis, which included 44 patients after primary KT in the Martin Transplant Center. Half consisted of a study group (n = 22) whose patients were assigned to perform regular physical activity. The primary goal was to complete at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity physical exertion per week. They performed an aerobic or combined (aerobic + anaerobic) type of sports activity. Monitoring was provided by a sports tracker (Xiaomi Mi Band 3 compatible with Mi Fit mobile application). The other half was made up of a control group. The exclusion criterion at that time was already diagnosed with diabetes mellitus or a pre-diabetic condition. IR was assessed using the HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) index from fasting blood glucose and insulinemia values. Each patient underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) at the end of follow-up. Patients in both groups have the same immunosuppressive protocol. The duration of follow-up was 6 months. Results In the observed group we univariately found in the 3rd and 6th month of monitoring significantly lower waist circumference (P = 0.0437, P = 0.0372), better graft function (P = 0.0036, P = 0.0137), lower value glycemia (P = 0.0016, P = 0.0003), C-peptide (P = 0.0447, P = 0014) and lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) at 6 months (P = 0.0444) compared to the control group. We confirmed a statistically significantly lower IR at 6 months (P = 0.0202) and fasting blood glucose at 3 and 6 months (P = 0.0227) by multivariate analysis in the observed group. After the end of the follow-up, we identified statistically significantly fewer patients with a negative oGTT result in the control group (P < 0.0001), significantly more patients with impaired glucose tolerance, fasting hyperglycemia (P = 0.0078) and diagnosed with PTDM (P = 0.0212). In the control group, we found a statistically significant increase in glycemia at 30 (P = 0.0034) as well as at 120 minutes (P = 0.0011) during oGTT compared to the observed group. Conclusion In our study, we confirmed a significant effect of regular physical activity in preventing the development of IR and associated pre-diabetic conditions and PTDM.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Poor Glycemic Control Amongst Rural Residents with Diabetes in Korea

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Junhee Ahn ◽  
Youngran Yang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Positive Urine

(1) Background: Glycemic control is an effective way to reduce the cardiovascular complications of diabetes. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with poor glycemic control amongst rural residents with diabetes in Korea. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional analysis was conducted amongst a total of 522 participants who had completed baseline health examinations for the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) Rural Cohort from 2005 to 2011. The subjects were divided into two groups: the good glycemic control group (GCG) (glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) < 7%) and the poor GCG (HbA1C ≥ 7%). Logistic regression was used to examine the role of sociodemographics, health-related behavior, comorbidity and diabetes-related and clinical factors in poor glycemic control amongst rural residents with diabetes. (3) Results: In total, 48.1% of participants were in the poor GCG. Poor GCG was significantly associated with drinking (odds ratio (OR) = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.24–0.71), lack of regular physical activity (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.03–2.76), fasting blood glucose (FBG) > 130 mg/dL (OR = 7.80, 95% CI = 4.35–13.98), diabetes for > 7 years (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.08–2.98), cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dL (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.05–2.84) and positive urine glucose (OR = 6.24, 95% CI = 1.32–29.44). (4) Conclusion: Intensive glucose control interventions should target individuals amongst rural residents with diabetes who do not engage in regular physical activity, have been diagnosed with diabetes for more than seven years and who have high fasting-blood glucose, high cholesterol levels and glucose-positive urine.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Insulin Resistance and the Associated Risk Factors in a Sample of 14–18-Year-Old Slovak Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 909
Author(s):  
Jana Jurkovičová ◽  
Katarína Hirošová ◽  
Diana Vondrová ◽  
Martin Samohýl ◽  
Zuzana Štefániková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors has increased in Slovakian adolescents as a result of serious lifestyle changes. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and the associations with cardiometabolic and selected lifestyle risk factors in a sample of Slovak adolescents. In total, 2629 adolescents (45.8% males) aged between 14 and 18 years were examined in the study. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure (BP), and resting heart rate were measured; fasting venous blood samples were analyzed; and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-insulin resistance (IR) was calculated. For statistical data processing, the methods of descriptive and analytical statistics for normal and skewed distribution of variables were used. The mean HOMA-IR was 2.45 ± 1.91, without a significant sex differences. IR (cut-off point for HOMA-IR = 3.16) was detected in 18.6% of adolescents (19.8% males, 17.6% females). IR was strongly associated with overweight/obesity (especially central) and with almost all monitored cardiometabolic factors, except for total cholesterol (TC) and systolic BP in females. The multivariate model selected variables such as low level of physical fitness, insufficient physical activity, breakfast skipping, a small number of daily meals, frequent consumption of sweetened beverages, and low educational level of fathers as significant risk factors of IR in adolescents. Recognizing the main lifestyle risk factors and early IR identification is important in terms of the performance of preventive strategies. Weight reduction, regular physical activity, and healthy eating habits can improve insulin sensitivity and decrease the incidence of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

scholarly journals Reducing risk factors in overweight adult users of the family health strategy of the Distrito Federal

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Romeiro ◽  
Júlia Aparecida Devidé Nogueira ◽  
Eliane Said Dutra ◽  
Kênia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Family ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Health Strategy ◽  
Distrito Federal

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of a multidisciplinary program to promote healthy habits on anthropometric and biochemical parameters on participants of the Family Health Strategy of the Distrito Federal. METHODS: The sample consisted of 279 overweight and obese adults of both sexes divided into two groups: intervention (IG, n=198) and control group (CG, n=89). The IG received standard Family Health Strategy care plus a multidisciplinary health promoting program that included dietary interventions and physical activity, called Set Waist Program. The control group received only standard ESF care. Data were collected at baseline and after 4 and 8 months of follow up. Body mass index, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were assessed. RESULTS: Prevalence of obesity (63.3% to 49.4%, p=0.027) and waist circumference (102.2cm to 94.8cm, p<0.0001) were significantly reduced in IG. Total cholesterol, LDL and HDL-cholesterol were reduced in both groups. CONCLUSION: Reductions in anthropometric measures were maximized through simple interventions that stimulated lifestyle changes. These results suggest that multidisciplinary initiatives such the Set Waist Program can be incorporated into other Family Health Strategy teams to optimize the control of obesity and health promotion. Participant compliance is an issue that deserves further investigation.

scholarly journals Correlation of Serum Vitamin D and Metabolic Disturbances in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Shasya Aniza Santoso ◽  
◽  
Tita Husnitawati Madjid ◽  
Anita Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Objective: This study was aimed to determine the correlation between vitamin D and insulin resistance in women with PCOS. Method: This study was correlational analytic with cross-sectional approach to 34 women diagnosed with PCOS based on ultrasonography. Waist circumference and fasting blood glucose (FBG) represented insulin resistance. Women with hormonal therapy and vitamin D supplementation were not included to this study. This study used consecutive sampling method. Result: The average of age was 25.6±6.1 years old. Waist circumference and fasting blood glucose (FBG) represented insulin resistance. The average of waist circumference and FBG were 87.6±12.4 cm and 86.2±27.9 mg/dl, respectively. The mean of vitamin D levels was 11,5±3,6 ng/ml. According to Spearman’s correlation, vitamin D levels were weak negative correlated with waist circumference (r=-0.2; p>0.05) and FBG (r= -0,1; p>0,05), it statistically was not significant. Conclusion: There is weak negative correlation between vitamin D and metabolic syndrome in PCOS patients.

scholarly journals Interaction of physical activity and diet: implications for haemostatic factors

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (3a) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Rauramaa ◽  
SB Väisänen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Platelet Aggregability ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
The Impact

AbstractRegular moderate intensity physical activity and habitual diet providing no more than one third of energy from fats have been recommended for the prevention of atherosclerotic diseases. The background for these guidelines is the key role of plasma lipids. However, the importance of thrombogenesis in acute myocardial infarction has become obvious during the last decade. Hyperlipidaemia and excess of adipose tissue increase platelet aggregability and blood coagulation, and decrease fibrinolysis. Both regular physical activity and dietary fat reduction decrease blood lipids and body fat thereby diminishing the risk of thrombosis. Currently, data on interactions between physical activity and diet on haemostasis are scarce, and the few studies available have not demonstrated additional effects when these two lifestyle modifications have been combined. This paper is restricted only to studies using controlled randomized design. Regular moderate intensity physical activity as well as diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids decrease platelet aggregability. The effects of regular physical activity on plasma fibrinogen remain contradictory, while the impact of diet is even less clear. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, a possible link between insulin resistance syndrome and coronary heart disease, may decrease due to physical training or low fat diet. It can be hypothesized that moderation in physical activity and diet carries a more powerful impact on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis than either lifestyle modification alone. Studies focusing on the interactions of regular moderate physical activity and fat-modified diet are needed in efforts to optimize the preventive actions by lifestyle changes.

scholarly journals Relationship between Random Blood Glucose, Fasting Blood Glucose, and Gensini Score in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yuhan Qin ◽  
Gaoliang Yan ◽  
Yong Qiao ◽  
Changle Ma ◽  
Juchuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Gensini Score ◽  
Stress Hyperglycemia ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Objective. To examine the relationship between admission random blood glucose (RBG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and Gensini score in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to clarify the effects of RBG and FBG on the severity of coronary artery disease. Method. A total of 958 consecutive AMI patients who underwent emergency coronary angiography at the Cardiology Department of Zhongda Hospital (affiliated with Southeast University) were enrolled in this study from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2018. The Gensini score of each patient was calculated according to the results of coronary angiography. The RBG, FBG, baseline data, hematological indexes, echocardiography parameters, coronary angiography data, and the use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) were recorded. Patients with an RBG level >11.1 mmol/L were classified into the stress hyperglycemia group, and those with an FBG level >7.0 mmol/L were classified into the elevated FBG group. The Gensini scores in the stress hyperglycemia and elevated FBG groups were compared to those in the control group, and correlations between the RBG and FBG levels and the Gensini scores of AMI patients were evaluated. Independent risk factors for the Gensini score were analyzed by multiple linear and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results. The Gensini scores of the stress hyperglycemia group and the elevated FBG group were higher than those of the control group. RBG and FBG were positively correlated with the Gensini score, and there were significant differences between RBG and FBG in different Gensini score groups. After adjusting for confounding factors, multiple linear regression analysis showed that sex, diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and FBG were independent risk factors for the Gensini score. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age and FBG were independent risk factors in group 2 compared to group 1, eGFR and FBG were independent risk factors in group 3, and eGFR and FBG were independent risk factors in group 4. Diabetes and RBG were not independent risk factors for the Gensini score. Conclusion. The Gensini scores of patients in the stress hyperglycemia group and the elevated FBG group were significantly higher than those in the control group. RBG and FBG were positively correlated with the Gensini score in AMI patients, and FBG was an independent risk factor for the Gensini score in AMI patients.

scholarly journals P224 Regular physical activity on IBD patients: impact on IBD natural history and related comorbidities

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S276-S277
Author(s):  
M T Arias-Loste ◽  
L Salcines ◽  
J C Rodriguez-Duque ◽  
M J García García ◽  
P Iruzubieta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Abstract Background Regular physical activity (PA) has a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect that is mainly exerted on adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and the immune and cardiovascular systems. Thus, PA is known to be beneficial in different pro-inflammatory conditions. Nevertheless, data on the role of PA in IBD patients is scarce. The aim of our study is to analyse the association of PA with clinical outcomes in IBD patients. Methods Cross-sectional prospective study including all consecutive IBD patients attended at a university hospital was performed. Data on physical activity was recorded through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) hours per week were calculated according to the combination of walking, moderate-intensity or vigorous intensity activity, and patients were categorized into low, moderate or high PA according to a previously validated method. Data on IBD phenotype, activity indexes, natural history, current and past treatments, together with liver evaluation, and history of cardiovascular risk factors were also collected. Results 831 patients were included in the study. Study flow chart is depicted in figure and clinical characteristics in table 1. IBD patients with a low or moderate PA showed a tendency to a higher proportion of IBD-related complications and higher scores in disease activity indexes than those with high PA. PA was strongly associated to the metabolic profile. Patients with a low/moderate PA were more frequently obese, hypertense, diabetic and had dyslipidaemia. Regarding liver disease, PA was significantly associated to the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but not with advanced liver fibrosis. Conclusion Insufficient PA can negatively impact clinical outcomes in IBD patients, probably not because of a direct effect on IBD-pathogenesis, but due to its strong association with cardiovascular risk factors and NAFLD.

scholarly journals Variation of Resistin Gene Is Correlated with Insulin Resistance in Obese People of Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1891-1895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramudji Hastuti ◽  
Tasmini Tasmini ◽  
Rizki Fajar Utami ◽  
Meirlin Rambu Kaita Riwa ◽  
Steven Steven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Resistin Level ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

BACKGROUND: Obesity is considered associated with an increase of resistin levels that plays a role in the regulation of energy and maintaining fasting blood glucose. Polymorphism of resistin is thought to be correlated with the levels of resistin and insulin resistance.AIM: This study aimed to examine the association of +299G > A and -420C > G resistin (RETN) gene with resistin level and insulin resistance in obese people of Indonesia.METHODS: We examined 142 healthy unrelated subjects consisting of 71 obese and 71 controls. Fasting blood glucose was measured by the enzymatic method while the resistin and insulin levels were measured by Elisa method. Insulin resistance was calculated by HOMA-IR index. Polymorphisms of RETN genes were examined by the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, and the data was tested. The data were correlated with Kruskal Wallis continue logistic regression and simple linear regressionRESULTS: In the obese group, there was an increased level of insulin (17.74 vs 11.27 mU/L) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR 3.9 vs 1.46) compared to the control group. Polymorphism of +299G > A was associated with insulin resistance (GA and GA + AA genotype significantly different compare GG genotype with P < 0.001). Resistin level was negatively correlated with insulin level (P = 0.017). CONCLUSION: In this study, polymorphism of +299G > A was identified as a risk factor for insulin resistance, and there was a significant association of serum resistin level with insulin level in the population of Indonesia.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Insulin Resistance and the Associated Risk Factors in a Sample of 14–18-Year-Old Slovak Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Jurkovicova ◽  
Katarina Hirosova ◽  
Diana Vondrova ◽  
Martin Samohyl ◽  
Zuzana Stefanikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors has increased in Slovakian adolescents as a result of serious lifestyle changes. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and the associations with cardiometabolic and selected lifestyle risk factors in a sample of Slovak adolescents. In total, 2,629 adolescents (45.8% males) aged between 14 and 18 years were examined in the study. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and resting heart rate were measured, fasting venous blood samples were analysed, and HOMA-IR was calculated. The mean HOMA-IR was 2.45&plusmn;1.91 without a significant intersexual difference. IR (cut-off point for HOMA-IR=3.16) was detected in 18.6% of adolescents (19.8% males, 17.6% females). IR was strongly associated with overweight/obesity (especially central) and with almost all monitored cardiometabolic factors, except for TC and systolic BP in females. The multivariate model selected variables such as low level of physical fitness, insufficient physical activity, breakfast skipping, a small number of daily meals, frequent consumption of sweetened beverages, and low educational level of fathers as the significant risk factors of IR in adolescents. Recognizing the main lifestyle risk factors and early IR identification is important in terms of the performance of preventive strategies. Weight reduction, regular physical activity, and healthy eating habits can improve insulin sensitivity and decrease the incidence of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and CVD in adulthood.

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