scholarly journals Diatom Species That Characterize Saline Ponds (South of Spain) With The Description of A New Navicula Species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fernandez Moreno ◽  
Pedro M. Sánchez-Castillo ◽  
Cristina Delgado ◽  
Salomé F.P. Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Diatom Assemblages ◽  
The South ◽  
Multidimensional Scaling Analysis ◽  
Diatom Community Composition ◽  
High Electric Conductivity

Abstract The south of the Iberian Peninsula has a high number of saline ponds where electric conductivity (EC) is an important factor that affects directly aquatic organisms, influencing their distribution and abundance. Environmental factors (such as pH, EC and temperature) were measured and diatom assemblages were sampled in 15 saline shallow ponds in the south of Spain along a range of electric conductivity (1.4 mS to 51.6 mS cm-1) between spring of 2004 to early summer of 2006. Three groups of ponds were defined based on conductivity (oligosaline 1.4 to 5.3 mScm-1, mesosaline 10.9 to 17.3 mScm-1 and euhaline 32.3 to 51.6 mScm-1) and diatom assemblages were studied. PERMANOVA analysis showed significant differences in diatom community composition between the three groups of ponds. Multidimensional scaling analysis (nMDS) showed distinct clusters of diatom assemblages in oligosaline and mesosaline ponds. Dominant diatom species in the eusaline ponds were Tryblionella pararostrata, Halamphora cf. petrusa, Halamphora sp.1 and Cocconeis euglypta; in the mesosaline ponds Navicula veneta, Nitzschia elegantula and Planothidium delicatulum were dominant taxa and the oligosaline ponds were dominated by Navicula veneta, Pseudostaurosira brevistriata and Nitzschia inconspicua. A new diatom species was described in ponds with high electric conductivity (32-56 mS cm-1) and named N. maiorpargemina.A detailed description of N. maiorpargemina sp. nov. is presented in this study based on light and scanning electron microscopy after comparison with morphologically and ecologically related taxa.

scholarly journals Diatom communities and vegetation of springs in the south-western Alps

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Mogna ◽  
Marco Cantonati ◽  
Flora Andreucci ◽  
Nicola Angeli ◽  
Graziella Berta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Western Alps ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Diatom Assemblages ◽  
The South ◽  
Diatom Communities ◽  
Phytosociological Relevés ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Abstract Springs are unique but understudied habitats. Diatom communities have received some attention but have remained largely unknown in the south-western Alps. We therefore studied the springs of the south-western extreme of the Alpine mountain range. We analysed epilithic and epiphytic assemblages in 48 springs of different ecomorphological types, located on contrasting lithological substrata (carbonate/siliceous). Moreover, phytosociological relevés were carried out for carbonate springs. The diatom flora consisted of 223 taxa. Most (198) of the taxa were included in the Red List, and 12.5% belonged to threatened categories. Characteristic spring taxa (crenophiles) were present. The ecological preferences of crenophilous diatom species described in the eastern Alps were confirmed. Diatom species characteristic of the lake-littoral zone were found in pool springs. We observed no significant differences in species richness and diversity between epilithic and epiphytic assemblages, but some species showed a preference for bryophytes, and five occurred in the epibryon only. As regards moisture conditions, 15% of the taxa occurred on wet or temporarily dry sites, and 4% lived mostly outside water bodies. The main environmental factors influencing diatom assemblages were pH, conductivity, altitude, and shading. The carbonate-substratum crenic vegetation was composed of a mixture of vascular plants and bryophytes, which find their ecological optimum in springs. Bryophyte cover was dominant, with the most abundant taxa belonging to the genus Palustriella. The vegetation corresponded to the Cratoneuretum commutati association.

scholarly journals Determination of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds for basic standardization of Turkish propolis

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslı Özkök ◽  
Merve Keskin ◽  
Aslı Elif Tanuğur Samancı ◽  
Elif Yorulmaz Önder ◽  
Çiğdem Takma
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Multidimensional Scaling Analysis ◽  
Flavonoid Quercetin ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the standard amount of antioxidant content and compounds of the propolis for the standardization of propolis. For this purpose, the total flavonoids, total phenolic, CUPRAC antioxidant capacity content and the diversity of phenolic and flavonoid components of these propolis samples were found by HPLC determined at the 23 propolis samples which were collected different regions of Turkey. Beside that, the similarities and differences of these 23 provinces to each other according to their antioxidant capacities were investigated by multidimensional scaling analysis. The total flavonoid content in the propolis samples were determined between 21.28 and 152.56 mg CE/g. The total phenolic content in the propolis samples was found between 34.53 mg and 259.4 mg GAE/g. CUPRAC antioxidant capacity of the propolis samples and antioxidant range was found from 95.35 to 710.43 mg TE/g. Also, 4 flavonoid [Quercetin (min.1.12–max.4.14 mg/g), Galangin (min.0.72–max.40.79 mg/g), Apigenin (min.1.07–max.17.35 mg/g), Pinocembrin (min.1.32–max.39.92 mg/g] and 6 phenolic acid [Caffeic acid (min.1.20–max.7.6 mg/g), p-Coumaric acid (min.1.26–max.4.47 mg/g), trans-Ferulic acid (min.1.28–max.4.92 mg/g), Protocatechuic acid (1.78 mg/g), trans-Cinnamic acid (min.1.05–max.3.83 mg/g), Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) (min.1.41–max.30.15 mg/g)] components were detected as mg/g, in different ratios in propolis samples collected from different regions. The feature of this study, so far, is to have the maximum number of samples representing the Turkish propolis, and so is thought to help to national and international propolis standard workings.

The Reasons People Give for Taking Overdoses

1976 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. J. Bancroft ◽  
A. M. Skrimshire ◽  
S. Simkin
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Social Acceptability ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Multidimensional Scaling Analysis ◽  
Suicidal Intent ◽  
After Care ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Do So

SummaryThis study investigates the reasons people give for taking overdoses of drugs. A representative sample of 128 subjects were interviewed immediately after their recovery from an overdose. During the interview they were given alternative reasons for taking overdoses and asked to choose any that applied to them. Spontaneous comments about suicidal intent were also recorded. Of the subjects, 44 per cent indicated that they had wanted to die. On the basis of their choices 33 per cent were ‘seeking help’, 42 per cent ‘escaping from the situation’, 52 per cent ‘obtaining relief from a terrible state of mind’ and 19 per cent ‘trying to influence someone’. The association between these various reasons and other expected effects or feelings associated with the act were examined by means of multidimensional scaling analysis. In addition, the characteristics of those expressing suicidal intent and other reasons were studied, together with such consequences as toxic effects and psychiatric after-care. The possibility is discussed that a large proportion of those indicating suicidal intent do so either to gain social acceptability for their act or to influence helping agencies.

Caste Development and Its Seasonal Cycle in the Australian Harvester Termite, Drepanotermes Perniger (Froggatt) (Isoptera; Termitinae).

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAL Watson
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
The South ◽  
Worker Characteristics ◽  
Caste Development ◽  
Single Worker

The development of Drepanotermes perniger (Frogg.) in Australia is simple, with non-reproductive and reproductive lines separating at the first moult, a single worker line, a monomorphic soldier caste derived from two or three worker stages, and brachypterous neotenics formed by the premature metamorphosis of fifth-instar reproductive nymphs. Intercastes are known between soldier and fifth-instar reproductive nymph; presoldier and neotenic; and third-instar worker and fourth-instar reproductive nymph. All have substantially nymphal thoraces and abdomens, with minor intercaste modifications, and heads that are variously modified from nymphal towards soldier, presoldier or worker characteristics. The development of the castes shows a marked seasonal cycle, and only workers, soldiers and fourth-instar reproductive nymphs occur during the winter. Oviposition begins after the resumption of foraging in spring, and in the south growth and differentiation continue through much of the summer. Fourth-instar nymphs break diapause synchronously in early summer, and the alates fly with rains in January or February. In northern Australia there is a break in oviposition during summer, and the reproductive nymphs develop from eggs laid in autumn, after the alates have flown.

scholarly journals Positioning Eco-Tourism for Improving Destination Image of Bali Indonesia

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Bagus Rai Utama
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Multidimensional Scaling Analysis ◽  
Marine Park ◽  
New Findings

Ecotourism attractions in this study include: (1) Bali Marine Park, (2) Bali Elephant Safari Park, (3) Bali Barat (West Bali) National Park, (4) Bali Butterfly Park, (5) Bali Reptile Park, (6) Sangeh Monkey Forest, (7) Ubud Botanic Garden, and (8) Bali Botanic Garden based on the attributes of “facility, attractiveness, accessibility, and service”. This study utilized quantitative method, specifically exploratory research method and conclusive research method based on previous research and existing theories, in order to achieve the research objectvies with the goal to generate new findings. Based on multidimensional scaling analysis, the perception of Bali Botanic Garden is similar to that of Sangeh Monkey Forest and Bali Barat National Park. While not in the same category as Bali Botanic Garden, the similarity coordinate of Ubud Botanic Garden is so close that it is a considerable competitor to Bali Botanic Garden. The ecotourism attractions perceived to have similarities are Bali Butterfly Park and Ubud Botanic Garden. Another grouping based on similarity are Bali Marine Park and Bali Elephant Safari Park, whose similarity coordinates are quite distant from the other ecotourism attractions.

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