Effects of Passive Haptic Learning in Music-Supported Therapy on Sensorimotor Performance in Older Adult Hands: A Randomized Crossover Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiu-Yun Hsu ◽  
Che-Wei Lin ◽  
Yu-Ching Lin ◽  
Po-Ting Wu ◽  
Hirokazu Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Haptic Learning ◽  
Sensorimotor Performance

Abstract Background: Music-supported therapy (MST), a type of biofeedback therapy with multi-sensory information input, has been proposed as an effective approach to improving motor control in people with sensorimotor deficits. However, currently, MST training is restricted to being extensively applied for patients with various levels of defects in fine motor skills and cognitive functions. Therefore, the integration of passive haptic learning (PHL) with MST has been adopted as a motor training strategy intended to enhance “motor memory” learning through the use of vibration stimuli. The current study was designed to investigate differences in the sensorimotor performance of older adults’ hands under baseline, a single session of standard MST, and PHL-based MST conditions. Methods: Thirty healthy older adults were recruited and randomized to receive either the single session of 30-minutes of PHL-based MST or 30-minutes of standard MST at the beginning of the experiment. After a one-week washout period, they switched their treatment programs and then were assessed to study the training effects of both approaches through measuring precision pinch performance, hand function, and sensory status. Results: The results of the Pinch-Holding-Up Activity test revealed a statistically significant difference in the FRpeak parameter (F = 14.37, p < 0.001, η² = 0.507) under the PHL-based MST condition compared to the baseline and standard MST conditions. In addition, significant beneficial effects were found on the results of the barognosis (F = 19.126, p < 0.001, η² = 0. 577) and roughness differentiation subtests (F = 15.036, p < 0.001, η² = 0.518) in the Manual Tactile Test for the participants in the PHL-based MST group. In addition, the participants under both the standard MST and PHL-based MST conditions exhibited better performance in the three subtests of the Purdue Pegboard Test as compared to under the baseline condition (p < 0.016). Conclusions: The findings indicated that PHL-based MST potentially improves the precision pinch performance of hands in healthy older adults. In addition, the add-on effect of vibrotactile stimulation to the MST condition provides beneficial effects on the sensory functions of the upper extremities. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04802564

scholarly journals Effects of vibrotactile-enhanced music-based intervention on sensorimotor control capacity in the hand of an aging brain: a pilot feasibility randomized crossover trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiu-Yun Hsu ◽  
Che-Wei Lin ◽  
Yu-Ching Lin ◽  
Po-Ting Wu ◽  
Hirokazu Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Training Strategy ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Music-based interventions (MBI), using music as a therapeutic medium, has been utilized as a promising strategy for motor relearning and shaping. However, currently, MBI with active performance training is restricted to being extensively applied for patients with various levels of defects in fine motor skills and cognitive functions. Therefore, the integration of vibrotactile stimulation with MBI has been adopted as a motor training strategy intended to enhance motor learning through use of vibration stimuli. The current study was designed to investigate differences in the sensorimotor performance of older adults’ hands under baseline, a single session of active MBI, and vibrotactile-enriched MBI conditions. Methods Thirty healthy older adults were recruited and randomized to receive either the single session of 30-min of vibrotactile-enriched MBI or 30-min of active MBI at the beginning of the experiment. After a one-week washout period, they switched their treatment programs and then were assessed to study the training effects of both approaches through measuring precision pinch performance, hand function, and sensory status. Results The results of the Pinch-Holding-Up Activity test revealed a statistically significant difference in the FRpeak parameter (F = 14.37, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.507) under the vibrotactile-enriched MBI condition compared to the baseline and active MBI conditions. In addition, significant beneficial effects were found on the results of the barognosis (F = 19.126, p < 0.001, η2p = 0. 577) and roughness differentiation subtests (F = 15.036, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.518) in the Manual Tactile Test for the participants in the vibrotactile-enriched MBI group. In addition, the participants under both the active MBI and vibrotactile-enriched MBI conditions exhibited better performance in the three subtests of the Purdue Pegboard Test as compared to under the baseline condition (p < 0.016). Conclusions The findings indicated that vibrotactile-enriched MBI potentially improves the precision pinch performance of hands in healthy older adults. In addition, the add-on effect of vibrotactile stimulation to the MBI condition provides beneficial effects on the sensory functions of the upper extremities. Trial registration NCT04802564. Date of registration: 15/03/2021. The first posted date: 17/03/2021.

scholarly journals Semantic Memory Activation After Acute Exercise in Healthy Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyeon Won ◽  
Alfonso J. Alfini ◽  
Lauren R. Weiss ◽  
Corey S. Michelson ◽  
Daniel D. Callow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Memory Activation

AbstractObjectives: A growing body of research suggests that regular participation in long-term exercise is associated with enhanced cognitive function. However, less is known about the beneficial effects of acute exercise on semantic memory. This study investigated brain activation during a semantic memory task after a single session of exercise in healthy older adults using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods: Using a within-subjects counterbalanced design, 26 participants (ages, 55–85 years) underwent two experimental visits on separate days. During each visit, participants engaged in 30 min of rest or stationary cycling exercise immediately before performing a Famous and Non-Famous name discrimination task during fMRI scanning. Results: Acute exercise was associated with significantly greater semantic memory activation (Famous>Non-Famous) in the middle frontal, inferior temporal, middle temporal, and fusiform gyri. A planned comparison additionally showed significantly greater activation in the bilateral hippocampus after exercise compared to rest. These effects were confined to correct trials, and as expected, there were no differences between conditions in response time or accuracy. Conclusions: Greater brain activation following a single session of exercise suggests that exercise may increase neural processes underlying semantic memory activation in healthy older adults. These effects were localized to the known semantic memory network, and thus do not appear to reflect a general or widespread increase in brain blood flow. Coupled with our prior exercise training effects on semantic memory-related activation, these data suggest the acute increase in neural activation after exercise may provide a stimulus for adaptation over repeated exercise sessions. (JINS, 2019, 25, 557–568)

scholarly journals BASELINE DRIVING MILEAGE PREDICTS STATE-REPORTED CRASHES ACROSS 5 YEARS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S343-S343
Author(s):  
Junyan Tian ◽  
Sara A Freed ◽  
Lesley Ross
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Population Density ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Testing Site

Abstract Although annual driving mileage has frequently been examined as a predictor of crashes among older adults, most research used cross-sectional design and relied on self-reported crash data. This study used multivariate regression to examine the number of state reported at-fault crashes between groups of low (14,000km) self-reported annual distance over five years. Additionally, key factors of interest including age, gender, and population density were examined as predictors. The sample included 519 healthy older adults aged 65-90 (M=73.17, SD=5.56) across five sites in the United States. 12% of participants experienced a crash across five years, and among those who crashed, the majority (87%) experienced one crash (range 0-3 crashes). After controlling for age, gender and testing site, people in the high annual mileage group had a greater number of crashes compared to the low mileage group (β=.14, t(513)=2.37, p=.02). There was not a significant difference in number of prospective crashes between the low and medium group. Also, people who drove in sites with low population density had more crashes than those who in high population density sites (β=.10, t(513)=2.24, p=.03). Higher age was associated with a greater number of prospective crashes (β=.01, t(513)=3.67, p =.002); however, gender was not a significant predictor of crashes. Our results highlight the importance of examining prospective crashes over time, and taking mileage and population density into consideration. Future research should examine trajectories of driving exposure in relation to prospective crashes using multilevel modeling.

scholarly journals Serum proBDNF Is Associated With Changes in the Ketone Body β-Hydroxybutyrate and Shows Superior Repeatability Over Mature BDNF: Secondary Outcomes From a Cross-Over Trial in Healthy Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Norgren ◽  
Makrina Daniilidou ◽  
Ingemar Kåreholt ◽  
Shireen Sindi ◽  
Ulrika Akenine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Individual Change ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Healthy Older Adults

Background: β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) can upregulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mice, but little is known about the associations between BHB and BDNF in humans. The primary aim here was to investigate whether ketosis (i.e., raised BHB levels), induced by a ketogenic supplement, influences serum levels of mature BDNF (mBDNF) and its precursor proBDNF in healthy older adults. A secondary aim was to determine the intra-individual stability (repeatability) of those biomarkers, measured as intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC).Method: Three of the arms in a 6-arm randomized cross-over trial were used for the current sub-study. Fifteen healthy volunteers, 65–75 y, 53% women, were tested once a week. Test oils, mixed in coffee and cream, were ingested after a 12-h fast. Labeled by their level of ketosis, the arms provided: sunflower oil (lowK); coconut oil (midK); caprylic acid + coconut oil (highK). Repeated blood samples were collected for 4 h after ingestion. Serum BDNF levels were analyzed for changes from baseline to 1, 2 and 4 h to compare the arms. Individual associations between BHB and BDNF were analyzed cross-sectionally and for a delayed response (changes in BHB 0–2 h to changes in BDNF at 0–4 h). ICC estimates were calculated from baseline levels from the three study days.Results: proBDNF increased more in highK vs. lowK between 0 and 4 h (z-score: β = 0.25, 95% CI 0.07–0.44; p = 0.007). Individual change in BHB 0–2 h, predicted change in proBDNF 0–4 h, (β = 0.40, CI 0.12–0.67; p = 0.006). Change in mBDNF was lower in highK vs. lowK at 0–2 h (β = −0.88, CI −1.37 to −0.40; p &lt; 0.001) and cumulatively 0–4 h (β = −1.01, CI −1.75 to −0.27; p = 0.01), but this could not be predicted by BHB levels. ICC was 0.96 (95% CI 0.92–0.99) for proBDNF, and 0.72 (CI 0.47–0.89) for mBDNF.Conclusions: The findings support a link between changes in peripheral BHB and proBDNF in healthy older adults. For mBDNF, changes differed between arms but independent to BHB levels. Replication is warranted due to the small sample. Excellent repeatability encourages future investigations on proBDNF as a predictor of brain health.Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03904433.

scholarly journals Acute Exercise as an Intervention to Trigger Motor Performance and EEG Beta Activity in Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Hübner ◽  
Ben Godde ◽  
Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Motor Memory ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Fine Motor Control ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Frontal Brain

Acute bouts of exercise have been shown to improve fine motor control performance and to facilitate motor memory consolidation processes in young adults. Exercise effects might be reflected in EEG task-related power (TRPow) decreases in the beta band (13–30 Hz) as an indicator of active motor processing. This study aimed to investigate those effects in healthy older adults. Thirty-eight participants (65–74 years of age) were assigned to an experimental (EG, acute exercise) or a control group (CG, rest). Fine motor control was assessed using a precision grip force modulation (FM) task. FM performance and EEG were measured at (1) baseline (immediately before acute exercise/rest), (2) during practice sessions immediately after, (3) 30 minutes, and (4) 24 hours (FM only) after exercise/rest. A marginal significant effect indicated that EG revealed more improvement in fine motor performance immediately after exercise than CG after resting. EG showed enhanced consolidation of short-term and long-term motor memory, whereas CG revealed only a tendency for short-term motor memory consolidation. Stronger TRPow decreases were revealed immediately after exercise in the contralateral frontal brain area as compared to the control condition. This finding indicates that acute exercise might enhance cortical activation and thus, improves fine motor control by enabling healthy older adults to better utilize existing frontal brain capacities during fine motor control tasks after exercise. Furthermore, acute exercise can act as a possible intervention to enhance motor memory consolidation in older adults.

Sensorimotor performance is improved by targeted memory reactivation during a daytime nap in healthy older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 731 ◽  
pp. 134973
Author(s):  
Brian P. Johnson ◽  
Steven M. Scharf ◽  
Avelino C. Verceles ◽  
Kelly P. Westlake
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Memory Reactivation ◽  
Daytime Nap ◽  
Sensorimotor Performance

scholarly journals Timing-specific effects of single-session M1 anodal tDCS on motor sequence retention in healthy older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 100009
Author(s):  
Rohan Puri ◽  
Mark R. Hinder ◽  
Melanie Krüger ◽  
Jeffery J. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Anodal Tdcs ◽  
Motor Sequence ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Specific Effects

scholarly journals Cognitive Tele-Enhancement in Healthy Older Adults and Subjects With Subjective Memory Complaints: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Alaimo ◽  
Elena Campana ◽  
Maria Rachele Stoppelli ◽  
Elena Gobbi ◽  
Francesca Baglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Subjective Memory Complaints ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Memory Complaints

Background: In recent years, emphasis has been placed on cognitive enhancement to stimulate cognitive abilities and prevent functional decline. Considering that traditional face-to-face interventions can be very expensive and are not accessible to all individuals, the need to transfer care from the clinic to the patient's home is evident. In this regard, cognitive tele-enhancement interventions have received increased attention.Aim: The aim of this review was to provide an overview of protocols that apply remotely controlled cognitive training with individualized feedback on performance by the therapist in healthy older adults or participants with subjective memory complaints.Methods: Out of 35 articles assessed for eligibility, eight studies were identified. Of the selected studies, five included cognitively healthy older adults, while three included participants with subjective memory complaints.Results: Most of the reviewed studies showed beneficial effects of cognitive tele-enhancement interventions, reporting improvements in memory, sustained attention, working memory, executive functions, and language abilities. Moreover, reductions in anxiety and depression symptomatology levels, as well as in subjective memory difficulties, were described in some of the studies.Conclusions: Cognitive tele-enhancement treatment could be a good alternative to face-to-face intervention. This literature review highlights the importance of applying preventive cognitive interventions to subjects with initial subjective memory complaints. Remote modalities seem to facilitate the application of such interventions.

scholarly journals Effect of Taichi Softball on Function-Related Outcomes in Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Lou ◽  
Liye Zou ◽  
Qun Fang ◽  
Huiru Wang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Age Related

The purpose of this present study was to examine the effect of Taichi softball (TCSB) on physical function in Chinese older adults. Eighty Chinese older adults were randomly assigned into either an experimental group experiencing four 90-minute TCSB sessions weekly for seven consecutive weeks or a control group. At baseline and 7 weeks later, all participants were asked to perform physical functional tests for both lower and upper limbs. Multiple separate Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures were applied to evaluate the effects of TCSB on function-related outcomes between baseline and postintervention in the two groups. The findings indicate that a short-term and intensive TCSB training program does not only improve low limb-related physical function such as dynamic balance and leg strength, but also strengthen upper limb-related physical function (e.g., arm and forearm strength, shoulder mobility, fine motor control, handgrip strength, and fine motor function). Health professionals could take into account TCSB exercise as an alternative method to help maintain or alleviate the inevitable age-related physical function degeneration in healthy older adults. In addition, researchers could investigate the effect of TCSB exercise on physical function in special populations such as patients with different chronic diseases or neurological disorder (e.g., Parkinson’s disease).

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