Does the copepod community of the Ganges River estuary of India indicate ecological stress?

Abstract Copepods are considered as indicators of ecological stresses of estuaries. Spatial-temporal changes of diversity, abundance, and dominance of the copepod community of India's Ganges River estuary were hypothesised to result from abiotic fluctuations, seasonal change and the COVID-19 lockdown which possibly affected the habitat. This hypothesis was studied by sampling the estuary on different occasions between February 2019 and October 2020. Salinity and pH showed significant temporal variability but not significant spatial variability. Water temperature showed no significant spatial-temporal variability. Salinity showed significant negative relationships with diversity and abundance of the copepod community. After the COVID-19 lockdown (between unlock phase 1 to 5), nutrient status of the estuary did not show significant temporal variation. The copepod community mostly comprised calanoids except for the cyclopoids Oithona spp. Relative abundances of Pseudodiaptomus binghami, Eucalanus crassus and Labidocera euchaeta declined but Paracalanus indicus, Acrocalanus gibber, Acrocalanus gracilis, Acartia spinicauda, Acartia sewelli and Oithona brevicornis increased after COVID-19 lockdown. Bestiolina similis was the most abundant copepod and along with Acartiella tortaniformis, Acartia spinicauda, Paracalanus parvus and O. brevicornis co-dominated the community on various occasions. Spatial ordination of the copepod community was not significant either in the pre- or post-lockdown period. Diversity and total abundance of the copepod community were affected neither by seasonal change nor by temporal variability of water temperature and pH. Temporal variability of species richness was significant only in the post-lockdown period. Pre- vs. post-lockdown comparisons of diversity indices and total abundance of the copepod community were not significant. Overall, copepods were not much affected by abiotic and seasonal changes, and the COVID-19 lockdown. That indicates their flexibility to habitat variability and less suitability as indicators of chronic ecological stresses of excessively large river-estuaries.

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Hourly variation of environment and copepod community of the Ganges River Estuary of India: Perspectives on sampling estuarine zooplankton

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science ◽

10.1016/j.ecss.2019.106441 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 230 ◽

pp. 106441 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sourav Paul ◽

Samya Karan ◽

Soumik Ghosh ◽

Bhaskar Deb Bhattacharya

Keyword(s):

River Estuary ◽

Ganges River ◽

Copepod Community ◽

The Ganges ◽

Hourly Variation

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Effects of cyclone Fani on the copepod community of the Ganges River estuary of India

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment ◽

10.1007/s10661-020-08732-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 192 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Sourav Paul ◽

Samya Karan ◽

Bhaskar Deb Bhattacharaya

Keyword(s):

River Estuary ◽

Ganges River ◽

Copepod Community ◽

The Ganges

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Temporal Variability in Ecological Stoichiometry and Material Exchange in a Tidally Dominated Estuary (North Inlet, South Carolina) and the Impact on Community Nutrient Status

Estuaries and Coasts ◽

10.1007/s12237-018-0430-7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (8) ◽

pp. 2223-2239 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Douglas W. Bell ◽

Susan Denham ◽

Erik M. Smith ◽

Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson

Keyword(s):

South Carolina ◽

Temporal Variability ◽

Ecological Stoichiometry ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

North Inlet ◽

The Impact ◽

Material Exchange

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Temporal variability of enterococci and associated sources at three subtropical recreational beaches

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies ◽

10.1515/ohs-2018-0031 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 327-336

Author(s):

Claudia Esmeralda León-López ◽

José Alfredo Arreola-Lizárraga ◽

Gustavo Padilla-Arredondo ◽

Jorge Eduardo Chávez-Villalba ◽

Renato Arturo Mendoza-Salgado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Health Risks ◽

Temporal Variability ◽

Rainfall Runoff ◽

Public Health Risks ◽

Recreational Beaches ◽

Semi Arid

Abstract We have examined enterococci concentrations in water and sand (dry and wet) at three semi-arid subtropical recreational beaches to assess public health risks. To determine the concentration of enterococci, water and sand samples were collected before, during and after the Easter Week (when the largest influx of users occurs), and in the wintertime. The lowest concentrations (< 100 MPN 100 ml-1) were recorded before the Easter Week, the highest concentrations (> 1500 MPN 100 ml-1) during and after the Easter Week, and concentrations < 500 MPN 100 ml-1 in the wintertime. Enterococci concentrations in sand were generally < 200 MPN 100 ml-1. Variability in enterococci concentrations can be explained by the influx of users during the Easter Week, rainfall runoff and the increase in water temperature after the Easter Week, as well as by winds and the presence of dogs and birds in the wintertime. The highest health risks occur during and after the Easter Week.

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Longitudinal Study of Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus (tdh+ and/or trh+) in Two Natural Extraction Areas of Mytilus chilensis in Southern Chile

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.621737 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Cristina Bacian ◽

Cristobal Verdugo ◽

Katherine García ◽

Josu Perez-Larruscain ◽

Ignacio de Blas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Temperature ◽

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽

River Estuary ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Potential Hazard ◽

Detection Rates ◽

Pathogenic Vibrio ◽

Interaction Factor

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of seafood-associated bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Although different studies have focused on its pattern of variation over time, knowledge about the environmental factors driving the dynamics of this pathogen, within the Chilean territory, is still lacking. This study determined the prevalence of total and pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains (tdh and/or trh genes) in mussels (Mytilus chilensis) collected from two natural growing areas between 2017 and 2018, using selective agar and PCR analysis. V. parahaemolyticus was detected in 45.6% (93/204) of pooled samples from the Valdivia River Estuary. The pathogenic strains carrying the tdh and/or trh gene were detected in 11.8% (24/204): tdh in 9.8% (20/204), trh in 0.5% (1/204), and 1.5% (3/204) presented both genes. In Reloncaví Fjord, V. parahaemolyticus was detected in 14.4% (30/209) of the samples, pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus carrying the trh gene was detected in 0.5% (1/209) of the samples, while the tdh gene was not detected in the samples from this area. The total count of mauve-purple colonies typical of V. parahaemolyticus on CHROMagar was positively associated by multivariate analysis with area, water temperature, and salinity. Similarly, V. parahaemolyticus detection rates by PCR had a positive correlation with the area and water temperature. The chances of detecting total V. parahaemolyticus in the Valdivia River Estuary are significantly higher than in the Reloncaví Fjord, but inversely, during spring-summer months, the interaction factor between the area and temperature indicated that the chances of detecting V. parahaemolyticus are higher in the Reloncaví Fjord. Interestingly, this period coincides with the season when commercial and natural-growing shellfish are harvested. On the other hand, pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus tdh+ was significantly correlated with an increase of water temperature. These environmental parameters could be used to trigger a warning on potential hazard, which would influence human health and economic losses in aquaculture systems.

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The nutrient status of the Sundays River estuary South Africa

Water Research ◽

10.1016/0043-1354(89)90181-4 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 1059-1067 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

W.D. Emmerson

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

River Estuary ◽

Nutrient Status

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Zooplankton in a Danube River Arm near Rusovce (Slovakia)

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-008-0084-1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marta Illyová ◽

Katarína Bukvayová ◽

Danka Némethová

Keyword(s):

Water Temperature ◽

Zooplankton Biomass ◽

Danube River ◽

Total Abundance ◽

Small Species ◽

Annual Average ◽

Keratella Cochlearis ◽

Chydorus Sphaericus ◽

Cyclops Vicinus ◽

The Right

AbstractPoor quantity of zooplankton was recorded in a Danube arm situated on the right side of the Danube River in Slovakia (river km 1857) in 2002 and 2003. All over the year the arm is significantly influenced by groundwater by reason of seepage. Because of low mean water temperature (12°C) and poorly developed macrovegetation in particular, the arm reminds gravel pit-like. The annual average of zooplankton biomass was low and ranged from 0.35 g m−3 (2002) to 1.28 g m−3 (2003), because of low crustacean abundance. Total cladoceran abundance was excessively low in both years and ranged from 3.5 N L−1 (2002) to 16.6 N L−1 (2003). Small species, Bosmina longirostris and Chydorus sphaericus were dominant. Only four adult Copepoda — Cyclops vicinus, Thermocyclops crassus, Eurytemora velox and Eudiaptomus gracilis — were recorded in quantitative samples of both years. In the zooplankton assemblage dominated rotifers (Synchaeta pectinata, Synchaeta oblonga, Polyarthra dolichoptera and Keratella cochlearis) which represented 78% and 67% of total abundance respectively. The total of 19 species of rotifers, 34 Cladocera species and 16 taxa of Copepoda were found.

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Spatial and Temporal Variability of Residual Volume Transport according to Artificial Freshwater Discharge in Yeoungsan River Estuary, South Korea

Journal of Coastal Research ◽

10.2112/si75-031.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 75 (sp1) ◽

pp. 153-157

Author(s):

Jin Il Song ◽

Jong Wook Kim ◽

Byung Il Yoon ◽

Seung-Buhm Woo

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Temporal Variability ◽

River Estuary ◽

Volume Transport ◽

Freshwater Discharge ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽

Residual Volume

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ANALISIS KELIMPAHAN TOTAL BAKTERI COLIFORM DI PERAIRAN MUARA SUNGAI SAYUNG, MOROSARI, DEMAK (Analysis of Total Abundance of Coliform Bacteria at the Sayung River Estuary, Morosari, Demak)

SAINTEK PERIKANAN Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology ◽

10.14710/ijfst.14.1.30-35 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Lani Febriana Safitri ◽

Niniek Widyorini ◽

Oktavianto Eko Jati

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Dissolved Oxygen ◽

Random Sampling ◽

River Estuary ◽

Total Coliform ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Total Abundance ◽

Average Abundance ◽

Total Coliform Bacteria

Perairan Muara Sungai Sayung terletak di wilayah Kabupaten Demak sebelah barat. Perairan ini telah dipengaruhi oleh berbagai aktivitas manusia yang menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kualitas perairan. Bakteri Coliform merupakan bakteri gram negatif yang berbentuk batang dan tidak membentuk spora. Bakteri ini merupakan bakteri indikator terjadinya pencemaran perairan maupun indikator keberadaan bakteri patogen lainnya. Perhitungan total bakteri Coliform perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui adanya pencemaran limbah organik yang terjadi di Perairan Muara Sungai Sayung, Morosari, Demak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelimpahan total bakteri Coliform, dan status perairan di Perairan Muara Sungai Sayung, Morosari, Demak. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dari jumlah total bakteri Coliform dengan bahan organik terlarut dan oksigen terlarut (DO). Pelaksanaan penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2018. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei dan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode random sampling yang dilakukan pada lima stasiun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan rata-rata total bakteri Coliform yang diperoleh berkisar antara 4 x 103 – 550 x 10 3/100ml. Kelimpahan rata-rata total bakteri Coliform yang diperoleh pada setiap stasiun menunjukkan bahwa kandungan total bakteri Coliform telah melebihi baku mutu air menurut Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 51 Tahun 2004. Keberadaan total bakteri Coliform memiliki hubungan yang lemah dengan kandungan bahan organik terlarut, sedangkan keberadaan total bakteri Coliform memiliki hubungan yang cukup dengan oksigen terlarut (DO) di perairan Muara Sungai Sayung Morosari, Demak. Sayung River Estuary is located in the western part of Demak Regency. This estuary has been affected by various human activities which have led to a decline in water quality. Coliform bacteria are a gram-negative bacteria that are rod-shaped and do not form spores. This bacterium is an indicator bacteria of water pollution and an indicator of the presence of other pathogenic bacteria. Total Coliform bacteria calculation needs to be carrid out to find out if there any contamination of organic waste in Sayung River Estuary, Morosari, Demak.. The purpose of this research was to determine total abundance of Coliform bacteria, water quality in Sayung River Estuary, Morosari, Demak and relationship between the total abundance of Coliform bacteria with dissolved organic matter and dissolved oxygen (DO). This research was carried out in May 2018. The method that used in this research were survey method and the sampling technique was random sampling method in five stations. The results showed that the average abundance of total Coliform bacteria obtained ranged between 4 x 103 - 550 x 103 / 100ml. Average abundance of total Coliform bacteria obtained at each station shows that the total content of Coliform bacteria has exceeded the water quality standard according to Minister of Environment Decree number 51 of 2004. The total presence of Coliform bacteria has a weak relationship with the content of dissolved organic matter, while the total number of Coliform bacteria have sufficient relationship with dissolved oxygen (DO) in the Sayung River Estuary,Morosari, Demak.

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