scholarly journals Transient Responses of the Hepatic Lipidome to Acute Exercise Bouts in Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory C Henderson ◽  
Valeria P Martinez Tenorio ◽  
Marc A Tuazon
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Lipid Classes ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BACKGROUND: The content of triacylglycerol (TAG) in the liver is known to rapidly increase after a single bout of exercise followed by recovery to sedentary levels. The response of other hepatic lipids, and acyl chain composition of lipid classes, would provide a deeper understanding of the response of hepatic lipid metabolism to acute exercise. METHODS: Female mice performed a single bout of continuous exercise (CE), high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), or no exercise (CON). The total content of various lipids in the liver, and fatty acids within lipid classes, were measured in tissues collected 3 hours after exercise (Day 1) and the day following exercise (Day 2). RESULTS: The total concentration of TAG rose on Day 1 after exercise (P < 0.05), with a greater elevation in HIIE than CE (P < 0.05), followed by a decline toward CON levels on Day 2. The total concentration of other measured lipid classes was not significantly altered by exercise. However, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid relative abundance in diacylglycerol (DAG) was increased by HIIE (P < 0.05). In CON liver, TAG content was positively correlated with DAG and phosphatidylethanolamine (P < 0.05), while these statistical associations were disrupted in exercised mice on Day 1. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the results characterize flexibility of the hepatic TAG pool size in the liver, and the relationship between TAG and other lipid abundances is altered during the transient TAG pool expansion after exercise. The transient expansion of the hepatic TAG pool and remodeling of the DAG pool may be fundamental components of the physiological response to intense exercise.

scholarly journals Acute exercise in mice transiently remodels the hepatic lipidome in an intensity-dependent manner

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory C. Henderson ◽  
Valeria Martinez Tenorio ◽  
Marc A. Tuazon
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Lipid Classes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract Background The content of triacylglycerol (TAG) in the liver is known to rapidly increase after a single bout of exercise followed by recovery to sedentary levels. The response of other hepatic lipids, and acyl chain composition of lipid classes, would provide a deeper understanding of the response of hepatic lipid metabolism to acute exercise. Methods Female mice performed a single bout of continuous exercise (CE), high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), or no exercise (CON). The total content of various lipids in the liver, and fatty acids within lipid classes, were measured in tissues collected 3 h after exercise (Day 1) and the day following exercise (Day 2). Results The total concentration of TAG rose on Day 1 after exercise (P < 0.05), with a greater elevation in HIIE than CE (P < 0.05), followed by a decline toward CON levels on Day 2. The total concentration of other measured lipid classes was not significantly altered by exercise. However, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid relative abundance in diacylglycerol (DAG) was increased by HIIE (P < 0.05). In CON liver, TAG content was positively correlated with DAG and phosphatidylethanolamine (P < 0.05), while these statistical associations were disrupted in exercised mice on Day 1. Conclusions The response of lipid metabolism to exercise involves the coordination of metabolism between various tissues, and the lipid metabolism response to acute exercise places a metabolic burden upon the liver. The present findings describe how the liver copes with this metabolic challenge. The flexibility of the TAG pool size in the liver, and other remodeling of the hepatic lipidome, may be fundamental components of the physiological response to intense exercise.

scholarly journals Acute exercise in mice transiently remodels the hepatic lipidome in an intensity-dependent manner

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory C Henderson ◽  
Valeria Martinez Tenorio ◽  
Marc A Tuazon
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Lipid Classes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract Background: The content of triacylglycerol (TAG) in the liver is known to rapidly increase after a single bout of exercise followed by recovery to sedentary levels. The response of other hepatic lipids, and acyl chain composition of lipid classes, would provide a deeper understanding of the response of hepatic lipid metabolism to acute exercise. Methods: Female mice performed a single bout of continuous exercise (CE), high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), or no exercise (CON). The total content of various lipids in the liver, and fatty acids within lipid classes, were measured in tissues collected 3 h after exercise (Day 1) and the day following exercise (Day 2). Results: The total concentration of TAG rose on Day 1 after exercise ( P < 0.05), with a greater elevation in HIIE than CE ( P < 0.05), followed by a decline toward CON levels on Day 2. The total concentration of other measured lipid classes was not significantly altered by exercise. However, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid relative abundance in diacylglycerol (DAG) was increased by HIIE ( P < 0.05). In CON liver, TAG content was positively correlated with DAG and phosphatidylethanolamine ( P < 0.05), while these statistical associations were disrupted in exercised mice on Day 1. Conclusions: The response of lipid metabolism to exercise involves the coordination of metabolism between various tissues, and the lipid metabolism response to acute exercise places a metabolic burden upon the liver. The present findings describe how the liver copes with this metabolic challenge. The flexibility of the TAG pool size in the liver, and other remodeling of the hepatic lipidome, may be fundamental components of the physiological response to intense exercise.

Different responses of apoptotic, inflammatory and heat shock protein gene expression to a single bout of high intensity interval exercise between physically active and inactive men

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Arzu Vardar ◽  
Zeynep Banu Doğanlar ◽  
Oktay Kaya ◽  
Pınar Tayfur ◽  
Necdet Sut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Hsp70 Mrna ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
High Intensity Interval

High mechanical load of muscles may induce muscular apoptosis on the one hand and adaptation to exercise on the other. This study aimed to explore whether changes of circulatory levels of inflammation, apoptosis and heat shock proteins (HSPs) mRNA following single bout of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) differs between physically active (PA) and inactive (PI) men. Nine PA and nine PI (peak VO2 2.6±0.4 vs. 2.0 ± 0.2 L.min-1) healthy men (age: 28.7+/-6.3 vs. 30.2+/-4.5 years and BMI: 2.6±2.1 vs. 23.3±2.8 kg.m-2) performed HIIE comprising 4 repeats of a Wingate test (load:0.050 kg.kg-1 body weight). Blood samples were collected before exercise, 5 min and 24 h after HIIE for measuring mRNA of inflammation markers IL6 and TNFα, apoptosis markers including Bcl-2, Bax, and HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90 using quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Post-HIIE IL6, TNFα and HSP60 were higher in the PI than the PA group 5 min after exercise (p=0.003, ES=1.59; p=0.007, ES=1.59 and p=0.027, ES=1.10 respectively). HSP70 acutely increased only in the PA group (p=0.024, ES=1.20). The increase in Bcl-2 (p=0.047, ES=1.08) and Bax (p=0.024, ES=1.20) levels were higher in the PI group 5 min after HIIE. The present study indicated that the response of inflammatory, apoptosis and HSP gene expressions to HIIE in blood of healthy male volunteers strongly depends on their level of regular physical activity. Novelty • Blood IL-6 and HSP60 mRNA levels following high intensity exercise may indicate metabolic stress. • Increased blood HSP70 mRNA in physically active men may show an alternative apoptosis suppression pathway.

Arterial baroreflex resetting mediates postexercise reductions in arterial pressure and heart rate

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (5) ◽  
pp. H1627-H1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret P. Chandler ◽  
David W. Rodenbaugh ◽  
Stephen E. DiCarlo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Operating Point ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship

We tested the hypothesis that postexercise reductions in arterial pressure and heart rate (HR) are mediated by a lowering of the operating point and a reduction in the gain of the arterial baroreflex. To test this hypothesis, spontaneous changes in arterial pressure and the reflex responses of HR were examined before and after a single bout of mild to moderate dynamic exercise in 19 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, 10 male and 9 female). Eleven SHR subjected to sinoaortic denervation (SAD) (6 male, 5 female) were also studied. All rats were instrumented with an arterial catheter for the measurement of arterial pressure and HR. After exercise, arterial pressure and HR were reduced below preexercise levels. Furthermore, the operating point and spontaneous gain (G) of the arterial baroreflex were reduced. Specifically, after exercise, the spontaneous range of HR (P1, 50%), the pressure at the midpoint of the pressure range (P3, 13%) and the HR at the midpoint of the HR range (H3, 10%), the spontaneous minimum HR (P4, 8%) and maximum HR (10%), and G (76%) were significantly attenuated. SAD significantly attenuated the relationship between arterial pressure and HR by reducing G (males 94%, females 95%). These results demonstrate that acute exercise resulted in a postexercise resetting of the operating point and a reduction in the gain of the arterial baroreflex. Furthermore, these data suggest that postexercise reductions in arterial pressure and HR are mediated by a lowering of the operating point of the arterial baroreflex.

High-intensity interval exercise in the cold regulates acute and postprandial metabolism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Munten ◽  
Lucie Ménard ◽  
Jeffrey Gagnon ◽  
Sandra C. Dorman ◽  
Ania Mezouari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Postprandial Metabolism ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Cold Environments ◽  
Postprandial Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Postprandial Lipid ◽  
High Intensity Interval

High-Intensity Interval Exercise (HIIE) has been shown to be more effective than moderate-intensity exercise for increasing acute lipid oxidation and lowering blood lipids during exercise and postprandially. Exercise in cold environments is also known to enhance lipid oxidation, however the immediate and long-term effects of HIIE exercise in cold are unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects cold stress during HIIE on acute exercise metabolism and postprandial metabolism. Eleven recreationally active individuals (age: 23±3 years, weight: 80±9.7 kg, V̇O2peak: 39.2±5.73 mL·kg-1·min-1) performed evening HIIE sessions (10x60s cycling, 90% V̇O2peak interspersed with 90s active recovery, 30% V̇O2peak) in thermoneutral (HIIE-TN, control; 21°C) and cold environments (HIIE-CO; 0°C), following a balanced crossover design. The following morning, participants consumed a high-fat meal. Indirect calorimetry was used to assess substrate oxidation, and venous blood samples were obtained to assess changes in noncellular metabolites. During acute exercise, lipid oxidation was 113% higher in HIIE-CO (p=0.002) without differences in V̇O2 and EE (p≥0.162) between conditions. Postprandial V̇O2, lipid and CHO oxidation, plasma insulin and triglyceride concentrations were not different between conditions (p>0.05). Postprandial blood LDL-C levels were higher in HIIE-CO two hours after the meal (p=0.003). Postprandial glucose AUC was 49% higher in HIIE-CO vs HIIE-TN (p=0.034). Under matched energy expenditure conditions, HIIE demonstrated higher lipid oxidation rates during exercise in the cold; but only marginally influenced postprandial lipid metabolism the following morning. In conclusion, HIIE in the cold seemed to be less favorable for postprandial lipid and glycemic responses.

scholarly journals Intensity-dependent and sex-specific alterations in hepatic triglyceride metabolism in mice following acute exercise

2015 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Tuazon ◽  
Taylor R. McConnell ◽  
Gabriel J. Wilson ◽  
Tracy G. Anthony ◽  
Gregory C. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein ◽  
Hepatic Triglyceride ◽  
Ampk Signaling ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
Perilipin 2 ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Secretion Rates

Precise regulation of hepatic triglyceride (TG) metabolism and secretion is critical for health, and exercise could play a significant role. We compared one session of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) vs. continuous exercise (CE) on hepatic TG metabolism. Female and male mice were assigned to CE, HIIE, or sedentary control (CON). HIIE was a 30-min session of 30-s running intervals (30 m/min) interspersed with 60-s walking periods (5 m/min). CE was a distance- and duration-matched run at 13.8 m/min. Hepatic content of TG and TG secretion rates, as well as expression of relevant genes/proteins, were measured at 3 h ( day 1) and 28 h ( day 2) postexercise. On day 1, hepatic [TG] in CE and HIIE were both elevated vs. CON in both sexes with an approximately twofold greater elevation in HIIE vs. CE in females. In both sexes, hepatic perilipin 2 (PLIN2) protein on day 1 was increased significantly by both exercise types with a significantly greater increase with HIIE than CE, whereas the increase in mRNA reached significance only after HIIE. On day 2 in both sexes the increases in hepatic TG and PLIN2 with exercise declined toward CON levels. Only HIIE on day 2 resulted in reduced hepatic TG secretion by ∼20% in females with no effect in males. Neither exercise modality altered AMPK signaling or microsomal triglyceride transfer protein expression. Females exhibited higher hepatic TG secretion than males in association with different expression levels of related metabolic enzymes. These intensity-dependent and sex-specific alterations following exercise may have implications for sex-based exercise prescription.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document